Minimum of 250 words with at least 2 peer review reference in 6th edition APA style.

 

1. What is the equation for the carbonic acid/bicarbonate buffering system? How do actions at the lungs and kidneys affect this equation and thus compensate for alterations in plasma pH levels?
2. How do changes in plasma osmolality affect the physiology of erythrocytes?

Based on your course reading assignments and your pending research problem, what type of study do you believe you are conducting, and please explain why?

Extra materials:

Descriptive research is a study designed to depict the participants in an accurate way. More simply put, descriptive analysis is all about describing people who take part in the survey.

There are three ways a researcher can go about doing a descriptive research project, and they are:

Observational, defined as a method of viewing and recording the participants

Case study, defined as an in-depth study of an individual or group of individuals

Survey, defined as a brief interview or discussion with an individual about a specific topic

Mixed methods research (Extracted from the article below) is the use of quantitative and qualitative methods in a single study or series of studies. It is a new methodology that is increasingly used by health researchers, especially within health services research. There is a growing literature on the theory, design, and critical appraisal of mixed methods research. However, few papers summarize this methodological approach for health practitioners who wish to conduct or critically engage with mixed methods studies.

Article: Using Mixed Methods in Health Research

Meta-Analysis

Meta–analysis is a statistical technique for combining data from multiple studies on a particular topic. A Meta-analysis is an analytical tool for estimating the mean and variance of underlying population effects from a collection of empirical studies addressing ostensibly the same research question. Meta‐analysis has become an increasingly popular and valuable tool in psychological research, and significant review articles typically employ these methods.

Article: Meta-Analysis in Medical Research

Epidemiology

According to the Centers for Disease Control, Epidemiology is the method used to find the causes of health outcomes and diseases in populations. In epidemiology, the patient is the community and individuals are viewed collectively. By definition, epidemiology is the study (scientific, systematic, and data-driven) of the distribution (frequency, pattern) and determinants (causes, risk factors) of health-related states and events (not just diseases) in specified populations (neighborhood, school, city, state, country, global).

Article: Epidemiology is a Science of High Importance

Longitudinal Studies

Longitudinal Study, an epidemiologic study that follows a population forward over time, evaluating the effects of one or more variables on a process. If individuals are followed, it is termed a longitudinal cohort study. If classes—e.g., age classes—are studied, it is a longitudinal cross-sectional study. Longitudinal studies are the converse (opposite) of horizontal (parallel) studies.

Article Longitudinal Studies

 Required Texts and Materials:  Smith, M. & Parker, M. (2014). Nursing Theories and Nursing Practice. (4th ed.). Philadelphia, PA: F. A. Davis Company. ISBN-13: 978-0-8036-3312-4 Publication Manual American Psychological Association (APA) (6th ed.).  2009 ISBN: 978-14338-0561-5 Recommended TextMasters, K. (2015). Nursing Theories: A Framework for Professional Practice. (2nd ed.). Burlington, Massachusetts. Jones & Bartlett Learning. ISBN-13: 9781284048353. 

Discussion: Therapy with Older Adults

Clients who are older have often times been dealing with their mental health disorder their entire lives, whiles other disorders may be brought on through the aging process or the trauma of losing a lifelong partner. Treatment can be challenging for both the client and the therapist. For this Discussion, you will focus on therapeutic approaches for an older adult presented in a case study.

Learning Objectives

Students will:

• Assess clients presenting with depression
• Analyze therapeutic approaches for treating clients presenting with depression
• Evaluate outcomes for clients presenting with depression

To prepare:·       

• Download and review the Week 10: Case Study from this week’s Learning Resources. 
• Review this week’s Learning Resources and reflect on the insights they provide.

Note: For this Discussion, you are required to complete your initial post before you will be able to view and respond to your colleagues’ postings. Begin by clicking on the “Post to Discussion Question” link and then select “Create Thread” to complete your initial post. Remember, once you click Submit, you cannot delete or edit your own posts, and cannot post anonymously. Please check your post carefully before clicking Submit!

By Day 3

Post a treatment plan for the older adult client in the Week 10: Case Study found in this week’s Learning Resources. Be sure to address the following in your post:

• Which diagnosis should be considered?
• What is the DSM-V Coding for the diagnosis you are considering?
• What is your rationale for the diagnosis? Be sure and link the client’s signs and symptoms to the DSM-V diagnostic criteria to support your diagnosis.
• What tests or tools should be considered to help identify the correct diagnosis?
• What differential diagnosis should be considered?
• What Treatment Strategy would you recommend?
• What treatment would you prescribe and what is the rationale?
• Safety
• Psychopharmacology
• Diagnostic Tests
• Psychotherapy
• Psychoeducation
• What standard guidelines would you use to treat or assess this patient?
• Clinical Note: Is depression a normal part of aging?

Support your approach with evidence-based literature.

 

Learning styles represent the different approaches to learning based on preferences, weaknesses, and strengths. For learners to best achieve the desired educational outcome, learning styles must be considered when creating a plan. Complete “The VARK Questionnaire,” located on the VARK website, and then complete the following:

1. Click “OK” to receive your questionnaire scores.
2. Once you have determined your preferred learning style, review the corresponding link to view your learning preference.
3. Review the other learning styles: visual, aural, read/write, kinesthetic, and multimodal (listed on the VARK Questionnaire Results page).
4. Compare your current preferred learning strategies to the identified strategies for your preferred learning style.
5. Examine how awareness of learning styles has influenced your perceptions of teaching and learning.

In a paper (750‐1,000 words), summarize your analysis of this exercise and discuss the overall value of learning styles. Include the following:

1. Provide a summary of your learning style according the VARK questionnaire.
2. Describe your preferred learning strategies. Compare your current preferred learning strategies to the identified strategies for your preferred learning style.
3. Describe how individual learning styles affect the degree to which a learner can understand or perform educational activities. Discuss the importance of an educator identifying individual learning styles and preferences when working with learners.
4. Discuss why understanding the learning styles of individuals participating in health promotion is important to achieving the desired outcome. How do learning styles ultimately affect the possibility for a behavioral change? How would different learning styles be accommodated in health promotion?

Cite to at least three peer‐reviewed or scholarly sources to complete this assignment. Sources should be published within the last 5 years and appropriate for the assignment criteria.

Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required.

This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion. 

You are required to submit this assignment to LopesWrite. Please refer to the directions in the Student Success Center.