The role of the community health nurse is to increase public awareness and compliance in health promotion within the community (Green, 2018). The role of the community health nurse not only includes taking care of the sick within the community, but also being politically involved in healthcare reform policies that may affect the community and being an advocate for the members of the community that the nurse serves (Kulbok, Thatcher, Park, & Meszaros, 2012). Furthermore, the role of the community health nurse can be specialized for certain stakeholders. For example, the school nurse is a specialized type of community health nurse in which the community stakeholders are the school, parents, and students. The school nurse’s role would be to work with the school and the parents to promote a healthy environment both at the school and at home. The broad scope of the role of the community health nurse involved not only promoting individual and family health needs, but community health needs (Green, 2018). The community health nurse works with the community stakeholders to promote overall community wellness throughout the neighborhood and surrounding areas (Green, 2018). It is important to appraise community resources as part of a community assessment in order to execute a fully-developed plan of care when community health issues arise. Resources such as nonprofits and spiritual organizations be valuable assets and partners with the community health nurse (Green, 2018). Partnerships such as these serve not only for platforms of reform and support in the community (Green, 2018). For example, nonprofit resources such as a soup kitchen, can help to level the health disparities that are often present in diverse communities or communities with a lower socio-economic population (Green, 2018).

Resource:

Green, S. (2018). Populations as clients. In Grand Canyon University (Eds.). Community and Public Health: The Future of Healthcare. Retrieved from https://lc.gcumedia.com/nrs427vn/community-and-public-health-the-future-of-health-care/v1.1/#/chapter/1

Kulbok, P.A., Thatcher, E., Park, E., Meszaros, P.S. (2012). Evolving public health nursing roles: Focus on community participatory health promotion and prevention. The Online Journal of Issues in Nursing 17(2). Doi:10.3912/OJIN.Vol17No02Man01

A healthy community can be described as one in which local groups from all parts of the community work together to prevent disease and make healthy living options accessible. It also helps to reduce health gaps caused by differences in income, education, race and ethnicity, location and other factors can affect health (CDC, 2015). The community nurse plays a significant part in promoting, preventing, and maintaining the health of the community by using her skills, knowledge and expertise, and experience in the delivery of care in public settings. Care within the community is focused on disease prevention and health promotion through education, screenings and vaccinations to prevent communicable diseases.

The stakeholders play an integral part in promoting the health of a community through the implementation of policies and availability of necessary resources. Stakeholders assist in community health promotion by reducing health gaps caused by differences in income, education and race, and encourages equality. They often make contributions in the form of cash, providing goods and services, events, spiritual and psychological support. The development and success of any community is determined/measured by the health of its members; hence it is important for all stakeholders to play their part (GCU, 2018) in making the dream a reality.

Appraising the community resources during the community assessment is very important as these meet the needs of the people. If there is a lack of resources in the community, then there will be a problem because the needs of the people won’t be met effectively. For example, a church in a community helps in meeting the spiritual needs of the members by providing counselling and emotional support, prayer and worship service.

References

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2015). A healthy community is a prepared community. Retrieved from https://blogs.cdc.gov/publichealthmatters/2015/09/a-healthy-community-is-a-prepared-community/

Grand Canyon University (Ed). (2018). Community & public health: The future of health care. Retrieved from https://lc.gcumedia.com/nrs427vn/community-and-public-health-the-future-of-health-care/v1.1/

I need a response for this 2 peers 

PEER 1

Common Risk Factors for Polypharmacy 

Multimorbidity 

Multimorbodity refers to the co – occurrence of two or more chronic conditions. Individuals aged 70 years and above are most likely to suffer from chronic illnesses that come with old age. In regards to polypharmacy, research has shown that patients who have eight or more diagnosed diseases are at the highest risk for polypharmacy (Ersoy & Engin, 2018). 

Frailty  

Frailty refers to a clinical syndrome especially in older adults that carries increased risk for decline in health and proper functioning of the body. Frailty predisposes older people to polypharmacy due to the multiple chronic illnesses they may be suffering from, thus the need for medication for each illness (Hovstadius & Petersson, 2016). 

Nurses are better placed to identify the patients at risk for polypharmacy as well as to educate the patients and their families on risk reduction (Willie, 2019).In my clinical practice, I would employ strategies that would help the patients to manage their medications and prevent polypharmacy. For instance, I would discuss with the patients, the need for keeping an accurate list for all the medications they are taking including both over the counter and prescription. I would also advise them to record the medication names, the dosing frequency of the prescribed dosage and the reason for prescription.  

In addition, I would advise the patients to identify and use one pharmacy which to obtain their medications which is important in ensuring that they get the correct dosage as well as reduce the possibility of adverse effects of drugs and interactions (Willie, 2019). Additionally, I would caution them on adhering to their medication in addition to ensuring that they take only the medicine that have been prescribed for them without sharing with others or saving them to use at a later date. I would also help the patients in the establishment of memory aids that would help them to remember to take their doses without fail. 

PEER 2

Polypharmacy will be the usage of a number of different medications by an individual. It’s a typical act which is now practiced by the aged individuals but gets to generate much more damage than good. Polypharmacy is related with numerous unwanted effects on the patient. The risks include greater healthcare cost and increased danger of negative drug events, generally known to us ADEs (Duerden et al., 2013). 

Increased healthcare costs: It’s been mentioned that polypharmacy is related elevated outpatient trips. This has hospitalization which results to increased healthcare price for the individuals. The medications which the individuals snap aren’t provided cost-free (Holmes, 2012). Consequently, they’ve to invest additional cash which they didn’t for to obtain the medications they would like. Thus, that raises the original quantity of expense that they had been using on drugs. The greater number of medications you decide to use, the greater number of cash you invest on medications. 

Adverse drug events (ADE): Research done in 2005 proved that more than 4.3 million folks check out the healthcare because of problems of ADE. The majority of this particular cases are deemed to be from individuals that use much more five distinct kinds of medicines. Thus, the individual take more medicines believing that they will be helped by it, though they wind up heading to the hospital due to the medications they shoot that have been designed to assist them obtain perfectly (Holmes, 2012). 

As a nurse practitioner pupil, I’d choose that aged individuals have being examined often. Doctors and nurses must recommend one medication to an individual rather than offering them a lot of medicines for only one problem (Duerden et al., 2013). One more thing is the fact that medication must be given to start from probably the lowest. For instance, a medication which may receive when one day really should be chosen with a drug which is provided 3 times one day. 

To conclude, identifying polypharmacy is able to help to get much better results in the aged individuals consequently, can help enhance the lifetime of the individuals. To review the medicine of the individuals may additionally assist the aged individuals to stay away from the results of utilizing a variety of prescriptions (polypharmacy) (Duerden et al., 2013).
 

–Use at least 2 evidenced-based, peer-reviewed references no older than 5 years. APA 6th format. 

–This the original homework if you needed:

• Discuss two (2) common risk factors for polypharmacy. Give rationale for each identified risk factor.
• Discuss two interventions you can take as a Nurse Practitioner in your clinical practice to prevent polypharmacy and its complications.

Assignment: Annotated Bibliography

Submit: Annotated Bibliography

This week culminates in your submission of an annotated bibliography that should consist of an introduction, followed by two quantitative article annotations, two qualitative article annotations, and two mixed methods article annotations for a total of six annotations, followed by a conclusion.

An annotated bibliography is a document containing selected sources accompanied by a respective annotation. Each annotation consists of a summary, analysis, and application for the purpose of conveying the relevance and value of the selected source. As such, annotations demonstrate a writer’s critical thinking about and authority on the topic represented in the sources.

In preparation for your own future research, an annotated bibliography provides a background for understanding a portion of the existing literature on a particular topic. It is also a useful precursor for gathering sources in preparation for writing a subsequent literature review.

Please review the assignment instructions below and click on the underlined words for information about how to craft each component of an annotation.

• Use the Walden library databases or a credible source to search for quantitative, qualitative, and mixed methods research articles from peer-reviewed journals on your topic of interest.
• Before you read the full article and begin your annotation, locate the methodology section in the article to be sure that it describes the appropriate research design.

1. For quantitative research articles, confirm that a quantitative research design, such as a quasi-experimental, casual comparative, correlational, pretest–posttest, or true experimental, was used in the study.
2. For qualitative research articles, confirm that a qualitative research design or approach, such as narrative, ethnographic, grounded theory, case study, or phenomenology, was used in the study.
3. For mixed methods research articles, confirm that a mixed methods research (MMR) design was used in the study. There are several design classifications in MMR; some examples of MMR types or families of design are parallel, concurrent, sequential, multilevel, or fully integrated mixed methods design.

• Prepare an annotated bibliography that includes the following:

1. A one-paragraph introduction that provides context for why you selected the six research articles you did: two quantitative, two qualitative, and two MMR.
2. A reference list entry in APA Style for each of the six articles that follows proper formatting. Follow each reference list entry with a three-paragraph annotation that  includes:
3. An application as illustrated in this example
4. An analysis
5. A summary
6. A one-paragraph conclusion that presents a synthesis of the six articles.
7. Format your annotated bibliography in Times New Roman, 12-point font, double-spaced. A separate References list page is not needed for this assignment.

  Instructions 

We have been looking at different psychological theories and the way we can use them to better examine social media. For this assignment, you should choose yourself or another person (such as a celebrity or a politician). Spend some time looking through your/their social media accounts: Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, Pinterest, etc. Then write your analysis, being sure to cover these points:

• A good introduction including who your subject is and a good overview of them and their social media use
• Examples and discussion of schema/script theory in your subject
• Examples and discussion of cultivation theory in your subject
• Examples and discussion of agenda-setting theory in your subject
• Examples and discussion of social learning in your subject
• Examples and discussion of uses and gratifications theory in your subject
• Conclusions