Following are two passages from Florence Nightingale’s Notes on Nursing:

Passage 1
Now the medical man who sees the patient only once a day or even only once or twice a week, cannot possibly tell this without the assistance of the patient himself, or of those who are in constant observation on the patient. The utmost the medical man can tell is whether the patient is weaker or stronger at this visit than he was at the last visit. I should therefore say that incomparably the most important office of the nurse, after she has taken care of the patient’s air, is to take care to observe the effect of his food, and report it to the medical attendant. (1860, Section VII, para.14)

Passage 2
To be “in charge” is certainly not only to carry out the proper measures yourself but to see that everyone else does so too; to see that no one either willfully or ignorantly thwarts or prevents such measures. It is neither to do everything yourself nor to appoint a number of people to each duty, but to ensure that each does that duty to which he is appointed. This is the meaning which must be attached to the word by (above all) those “in charge” of sick, whether of numbers or of individuals. (1860, Section III, para.25)

Instructions
Answer the following:

• Is passage 1 an argument or an explanation?
• Is passage 2 an argument or an explanation?

You must answer both questions by making an argument for your position. Whichever type – argument or explanation – you find the passage to be, you must write an argument that will prove your answer to be correct.

 

Step 1: The Assessment Tool

Complete the Organizational Culture and Climate Assessment Tool (Links to an external site.). The tool is your data collection tool, or “notes-taking” pages you will need to complete before doing the analysis. You may already know some of the information, but some may require communication with key people in the organization, for example, human resources, financial officers, or nurse executives. Submitting the completed tool with your final paper submission is required. It is not included in your page count. You receive credit for completing and submitting it the items in the following outline.

  

Library Assignment

Critique a Research Article

A critique is a method of displaying a logical and organized analysis of a written or oral piece. Critique can provide the readers with both positive and negative outcomes depending on the author. The purpose of this assignment is for the student to perform a critique on a research article that deals with today’s health issues. In this paper the student must be diligent at what the author are claiming, taking into account the research methods being utilized and look for pros and cons of the researcher’s outcomes. 

The assignment must be a minimal of five pages, excluding title page and references. The assignment must be strictly following APA guidelines, points will be deducted if otherwise. Do not use first person throughout the paper until the section called evaluate the paper. It will be divided in the following manner:

Title page: Give the name of the article, the authors name(s) and your name. Following APA

Introduction:

· Provide an overview of the author’s research problem, research questions and main point including how the author supports his or her point. 

· Explain what the author initial  objectives (hypothesis) and results including the process he or she used to arrive at such conclusion. 

Evaluate the Research Methods: in paragraph form answer the following:

· Does the author provide a literature review? 

· Is the research current and relevant to today existing health issues?

· Describe the research type utilized?– experimental, non-experimental, quasi experimental, etc. 

· Evaluate the sample (size, composition, or in the way the sample was selected in relation to the purpose of the study? Was the sample appropriate for the research or was it bias? 

·  How practical does this work seem to you? How does the author suggest research results could be applied and how do you believe they could be applied? 

·  Could the study have been improved in your opinion? If so provide how you think it could have improved. 

·  Is the writing in the article clear straightforward?

·  Can further research be conducted on this subject? Explain

Conclusion: In your conclusion, try to synthesize the pieces of your critique to emphasize your own main points about the author’s work, relating the researcher’s work to your own knowledge or to topics being discussed in your course.

Reference Page: APA style, see rubric below

See Rubric Below for assignment

  

Title Page: Title of   article, journal information and your name and date

1 point

Your score

 

Abstract: Brief summary of   article (1-2 paragraphs)

1 points

 

The Problem: (2 or 3   paragraphs)

Is the problem clearly stated?

Is the problem practically important?

What is the purpose of the study?

What is the hypothesis?

Are the key terms defined?

3 points

 

Review of Literature: (1   -2 paragraphs)

Are the cited sources pertinent to the study?

Is the review too broad or too narrow?

Are the references recent?

Is there any evidence of bias?

2 points

 

Design and Procedures:   (3-4 paragraphs)

What research methodology was used?

Was it a replica study or an original study?

What measurement tools were used?

How were the procedures structures?

Was a pilot study conducted?

What are the variables?

How was sampling performed?

3 points

 

Data analysis and   Presentation: (1 – 2 paragraphs)

2 points

 

How was data analyzed?

Did findings support the hypothesis and purpose?

Were weaknesses and problems discussed?

 

Conclusions and   Implications: (2-3 paragraphs)

3 points

 

Are the conclusions of the study related to the original   purpose?

Were the implications discussed?

Whom the results and conclusions will affect?

What recommendations were made at the conclusion?

What is your overall assessment of the study and   the article?

   

Week 8: Reflection   

Reflect  back over the past eight weeks and describe how the achievement of the  course outcomes in this course have prepared you to meet the MSN program  outcome #4, the MSN Essential IV, and the Nurse Practitioner Core  Competencies # 7. 

Program Outcome #4:  Integrate professional values through scholarship and service in health care. (Professional identity)

MSN Essential IV: Translating  and Integrating Scholarship into Practice Recognize that the  master’s-prepared nurse applies research outcomes within the practice  setting, resolves practice problems, works as a change agent, and  disseminates results.

Nurse Practitioner Core Competencies # 7

Health Delivery System Competencies

1. Applies knowledge of organizational practices and complex systems to improve health care delivery.

2. Effects health care change using broad based skills including negotiating, consensus-building, and

partnering.

3. Minimizes risk to patients and providers at the individual and systems level.

4. Facilitates the development of health care systems that address the needs of culturally diverse

populations, providers, and other stakeholders.

5. Evaluates the impact of health care delivery on patients, providers, other stakeholders, and the

environment.

6. Analyzes organizational structure, functions and resources to improve the delivery of care.

7. Collaborates in planning for transitions across the continuum of care.