Describe the rationals for the following nursing intervention for a 75 year old lady/man. Use a minimum 2 complete sentences for each intervention.

Oxygenation: O2 therapy and breathing treatments.

Dehydration: Encourage fluid intake.

Safety:Instruct how to be safe at home.

Polypharmacy: Educate pt on reasons why knowing their meds and proper dosages.

Give the rationales behind these 4 nursing interventions 

MAKE A DECISION: Which area is most important for the parents to address to promote the child’s adjustment?

1. Conflict reduction
2. Parenting time changes
3. Mitigate SES

Why? Give reasons for why you assessed what the parents should address as you did. Consider the following factors in your reasons:

• Parent conflict
• Parenting time
• Socioeconomic status

Please see the attachments.  

Review the following case study and complete the questions that follow. Submit your completed document to Blackboard using the assignment link.

As a nurse practicing within a family practice, you are interviewing a 55-year-old woman who is an executive assistant at a local law firm, where she has worked for 9 years. She has a 7-year history of respiratory illness, which occurs several times throughout the year, not seemingly connected to the changes in season. She does not use tobacco products in any form. During your questions regarding her home and work environments, she reports that she enjoys working adjacent to the courthouse in a building over 100 years old because it is such a contrast to her brand-new home on a local golf course. When describing the health of her coworkers, she indicates, “We all share illnesses, which seem to affect everyone else during the year; we just seem to be sicker more often!”

• What information is pertinent to your client’s case?
• How would you assess your client’s risk?
• What would be an exposure pathway for your client?

Your document should be 1-2 pages in length, in APA format, typed in Times New Roman with 12-point font, double-spaced with 1” margins, and include at least two citations using references less than five years old.

Due: Sunday, 11:59 p.m. (Pacific time)

Points Possible: 100

Students will review the Office of the Attorney General’s Senior Advocate Fraud Education (SAFE) Program Toolkit located at the following address:

https://www.ohioattorneygeneral.gov/Files/Publications-Files/Seniors-Publications/Senior-Advocate-Fraud-Education-(SAFE)-Toolkit-(PD

1. After reviewing the toolkit, students are required to type a 2-page summary of the components of the program and resources available for seniors.

In addition to the 2-page summary, students are also required to:

1. Type the text of an email that they would send to an older adult family member that may possibly be susceptible to fraud tactics. In the email text, write it as if you are addressing the family member and giving them advice on how to protect themselves. Make sure that you are writing it in a way that will be useful to them and possibly help influence them to be more secure in their fraud prevention efforts. This email text should be at least half a page long.

1-A.G

Childhood asthma is a frequent clinical occurrence associated with respiratory impairments and airway inflammation, which requires immediate treatment and long-term care. The discussed disorder can considerably worsen overall health conditions, reduce the quality of life, and increase the risk of life-threatening implications. The provided asthma-associated case study can be beneficial for reviewing short-term and long-term treatment options efficient for treating the given patient. Furthermore, one’s potential education can be ultimately useful for achieving sufficient treatment outcomes as well as organizing appropriate preventive and therapeutic actions.  

   The provided clinical case exemplifies moderate persistent asthma that requires immediate intervention. It is evident that short-acting beta2-adrenergic agonists (SABA), systemic and inhaled corticosteroids, as well as anti-inflammatory medications, can provide quick symptomatic relief by reducing such aberrations as wheezing and bronchoconstriction present in the reviewed patient, normalizing respiration, and improving overall health. Furthermore, such drugs as inhaled steroids, leukotriene modifiers, nedocromil, cromolyn sodium, and methylxanthine can assist in providing long-term asthma control, stabilizing respiratory functions, and preventing possible asthma exacerbations and inappropriate lung growth in children (Woo & Robinson, 2015). It is estimated that a combination of SABAs and inhaled corticosteroids is useful for managing acute asthmatic exacerbations and maintaining normal respiratory functions (Arcangelo & Peterson, 2013). The beta2-adrenergic agonists like albuterol and levalbuterol are capable of exerting “their bronchodilatory effects through β2 adrenoceptors (β2ARs) located on airway smooth muscle (ASM) cells” and providing significant airway relaxation by activating the aforementioned receptors, whereas the steroid medications are efficient in decreasing airway inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness by lessening the number of circulating inflammatory mast cells and eosinophils in the respiratory tract (Billington, Penn, & Hall, 2017, p. 23). Furthermore, the use of inhaled corticosteroids can be also beneficial for relieving airway obstruction, normalizing respiratory functions, asthma control, and minimizing the risk of asthmatic exacerbations. 

   Patient education is important for achieving sufficient treatment outcomes. Patients, as well as their caregivers, have to be aware that adherence to the prescribed treatment regimen and recommendations, reporting adverse effects, and regular physical evaluation along with cooperative communication with a physician can assist in stabilizing the patient’s condition and preventing asthma progression. Therefore, asthma is a severe acute or chronic respiratory abnormality that requires competent treatment and care. It is estimated that inhaled SABA, as well as inhaled and systemic corticosteroids, are efficient for achieving short-term therapy goals, whereas leukotriene modifiers, methylxanthines, and anti-inflammatory agents demonstrate normal heir efficacy in providing long-term asthma control and maintaining normal respiratory functioning. Lastly, a patient’s teaching is a critical component of successful medication. 

2-michael V.

The short-term option for this child diagnosed with asthma will be bronchodilators to quickly relieve his symptoms by opening swollen airways that are limiting breathing (Saglani, Fleming, Sonnappa, & Bush, 2019).  Long-term options include Inhaled corticosteroids, Leukotriene modifiers, Long-acting beta agonists, and Combination inhalers. Corticosteroids are the first line of treatment for severe acute asthma, because of the inflammatory process.  Steroids control airway inflammation through a number of mechanisms, such as reducing the number and activation of lymphocytes, eosinophils, mast cells, and macrophages; suppressing the production of cytokines, tumor necrosis factor-α, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, adhesion molecules, and inducible enzymes, including nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2.  The step-up approach involves beginning with low-dose treatment and increasing intensity at subsequent visits if control is not achieved (Bateman et al., 2019). When selecting the medication and dosage, the provider must take into account the risk to the patient, severity of disease, and potential for impairment.

The goal of asthma treatment is to decrease symptoms and reduce airway inflammation and hyperreactivity.  Healthcare provider should develop written asthma action plan with the patient and his mother for self-management, so they know how to recognize the severity of its symptoms (peak flow) and what to do (Bateman et al., 2019).  Patient should be educated on ways to control exposures to allergens.  An allergy test will be a good plan to identify the patient’s allergy (Bateman et al., 2019).  The patient may need a referral to a pulmonologist if symptoms are uncontrolled with the current regiment.  Pulmonary function testing may be necessary in this child’s case.

References

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