Required Resources
Read/review the following resources for this activity:

• Textbook: Chapter 1
• Lesson
• Minimum of 2 scholarly sources (1 for the etic view, and 1 for the emic view. Your source for the emic view should come from someone who writes with authority in the religion you chose. For example, if you chose Buddhism, you could use a quotation from His Holiness, Dalai Lama XIV). 

Instructions
Make sure to read the lesson this week to learn about etic and emic perspectives so that you can appropriately apply them in this assignment. In an essay, apply the etic and emic perspectives to your own religion or a religion with which you have some familiarity.

• How would your tradition be described etically? Remember that this is an outsider’s perspective of what can be measured, studied, or observed.
• How would it be described emically? Remember that this is an insider’s perspective as seen by practitioners

Make sure that you are using at least one source for each approach and include citations from the assigned readings and additional scholarly sources. 

Click on the following link to view an example:

Link: Shinto Example

Writing Requirements (APA format)

• Length: 350-500 words (not including title page or references page)
• 1-inch margins
• Double spaced
• 12-point Times New Roman font
• Title page
• References page (minimum of 1 scholarly source)

Grading
This activity will be graded based on the Written Assignment Grading Rubric.

Weekly Objectives (WO)
WO1.3, 2.2

Required Resources:

 Molloy, M. (2013). Experiencing the world’s religions (6th ed.). New York City, NY: McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc

American Psychological Association. (2020). Publication manual of the American Psychological Association (7th ed.).

In a short essay (500-750 words), answer the Question at the end of Case Study 2. Cite references to support your positions.

Prepare this assignment according to the APA guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required.

This assignment uses a grading rubric. Instructors will be using the rubric to grade the assignment; therefore, students should review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the assignment criteria and expectations for successful completion of the assignment.

You are required to submit this assignment to LopesWrite.

AttachmentsNRS410V.R.CaseStudy2_Student_02-11-13.docx 

 1)

For my final assignment I have chosen to talk about how hackers have gained access to hospital computer software and manipulated systems. This trend has the ability to place patients at harm.   The best way to prevent these kind of attacks is to educate our healthcare professionals on what to look for.

       ‘To solve these problems, there are many levels of technology, such as cryptography technology, network security technology and so on.”(Ming, Chen, Guo, 2019). Cryptography is the art of writing or solving codes. Network security technology is also another way to prevent hackers from manipulating systems. Healthcare professionals also have a responsibility in detecting possible computer hackers as well. Upon employment, employers are educated on not opening suspicious emails   that maybe an attempt  for hackers to gain access into computer software. Healthcare employers who use screens and monitors in their field of work, also need to be educated on how to recognize when software has been manipulated. For example, areas of care that use monitors for diagnosing purposes need to be able to decipher  actual patient data from manipulated   data possibly shown on screens and monitors.

       Other ways to prevent software attacks are to keep computer software updated frequently. Companies and organizations should invest in the latest computer security programs. Never use open wi-fi on a computer router, always update your password frequently and create a password that does not involve birthdays or any significant events in your life that will be easy to figure out,  and do not wander on websites that are not allowed by the organization.

       Preventing computer hackers is the responsibility of everyone in an organization. On going computer education  training is  a must in order to prevent computer hackers  and software malfunctions.

2)

I selected to do my final assignment on universal electronic health records. I would say there is a lot of misconception out there regarding these records and just the terminology that a lot of caregivers use interchangeably.  Before this course I thought the electronic medical record and the electronic health record to be virtually the same. I know differently now and the way I find it easiest to remember is that the electronic medical record is basically a digital version of the paper chart. It contains basic past medical history and is held and collected in an office or medical organization. The electronic health record is an oversight of the whole health of a patient. It goes wherever the patient goes and can be shared by healthcare providers. An all-inclusive patient record has more benefits for sicker patients that will hopefully improve outcomes.

 The first part of training of electronic medical records would be the security aspect of sharing data electronically.  This would be ongoing annual training as well as training updates for employee’s that might have a breach of confidently. The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act  of 1996 set forth rules and regulations to protect medical records and other health information that could identify an individual. The penalties for known violation of HIPAA can be processed criminally.  A fine can be imposed up to $50.000 dollars and up to one year and jail  according to an article in Hospital Access Management (2018). This in my opinion is much worse than just losing your job.

         The actual training would be required on the version of the electronic record itself that is currently being used in the organization where you might be employed. This subject is very current with me at present due to being thirty days out from our EPIC conversion. Training on EPIC modules has been ongoing over the last five weeks. There have been zero tolerance measures for tardiness and cell phone disruption. The first day of training 7 people that were not quite in the door were turned away with two of those being physicians.  That information spread quickly across the hospital that the trainers meant what they said about being on time.

 After the completion of the modules with the trainers from EPIC ongoing practice as well as system update training will be required to stay current with the records. Super Users have been selected from all departments that will help with training as well as when new employees are hired. The use of any electronic record is a better value purchase for an organization when people are trained properly. When users are aware of the information that they can pull out for reporting purposes and use the system at a high functioning level it is beneficial for all.

200 words each

A great deal of past and recent healthcare concern has centered on the errors made in patient care or overall healthcare of people. Many suggest that the legalities of healthcare attempt to balance the expectations of society for healthcare and the mistakes of caregivers with thousands of successful events of exceptional care each year. Yet many cases of errors in care also often go unnoticed or unreported simply because a patient or family member is reluctant to complain about their or their loved one’s care for a variety of reasons. Why do you think patients are reluctant to complain about their care and what are some of the reasons for mistakes or errors in care? Discuss this in two different contexts: you as a patient, and your parent or child as a patient.

 Respond to  your  colleagues by providing one alternative therapeutic approach. Explain  why you suggest this alternative and support your suggestion with  evidence-based literature and/or your own experiences with clients. 

NOTE: I need a positive comment about the post bellow

                                            Main Post

PTSD  is a debilitating disorder and should always be taken very seriously  when a client presents with this disorder. Normally, it develops after  experiencing or getting exposed to a traumatic event and it is always  managed through both psychotherapies and pharmacotherapies (Lancaster,  Teeters, Grs & Back, 2016). About 6.8 to 7.3 percent of Americans  are affected by PTSD in their lifetime. Studies however show that  African Americans have a higher rate of 8.7% in lifetime prevalence  (Nguyen, Chatters, Taylor, Levine & Himle, 2016). This is a very  significant statistics for the purpose of this discussion because  William the client is an African American with high risk factor of  having PTSD because he served in the army and was deployed to Iraq  during the war.

   In his narration, William seems not to concentrate especially in regard  to his surroundings. He also points out that his family, that is him  and his wife have been going through a lot. Just recently, he lost his  job and he was not able to effectively meet the deadlines for his  mortgage. Because of this, he became homeless. He was then taken in by  his brother who lives with his wife and children. William denies the  fact that his brother is concerned about his condition. It is known that  he has a problem with alcohol, and this could be a way of coping with  his PTSD from the war. In fact, through an exploratory analysis, it was  concluded that drinking with a view of coping with PTSD was common in  war veterans. This coupled with the perception that they were  stigmatized led to increased severity of PTSD and alcohol abuse as well  as associated consequences (Miller, Pedersen & Marshall, 2017).  William was directly experiencing traumatic occurrences in the war.  There is a very high possibility therefore that he has PTSD leading to  his drinking problem as a way of coping. This has affected his life in  very different ways including losing his job, house and becoming  homeless. William has been having flashbacks about the events in the  war. He avoids things that may remind him of such events, and he does  not have interest in doing different activities including his hobbies.  He has a sense of self-blame and he is reckless as well as experiencing  sleep disturbance. All these have been going on for a while. Long enough  to cost him his job and house. The DSM-5 requires that these  disturbances should not be due to drugs, alcohol or a different medical  issue (American Psychiatric Association, 2013). William is going through  all these issues because of the traumatic events at war and the alcohol  use is just because he thinks this is a way of coping.

   In the treatment and management of PTSD for William, psychodynamic  therapy shall be implemented. Through a systematic review, psychodynamic  therapy showed efficacy in reducing all measures that were associated  with PTSD and at the end of the studies reviewed, more than half of  participants did not present with requirements or symptoms that could  meet the PTSD DSM criteria (Paintain & Cassidy, 2018). As such, for  William, psychodynamic theory shall be used. SSRIs that are first line  treatment for PTSD can be used as an additional therapy. If such fails  to work, Trazodone shall be used as it has been effective in cases where  SSRIs fail in this patient population (Shin &Saadabadi, 2019).  Psychodynamic theory can be used alone in this case. However, a combined  therapy will be more effective in helping to improve symptoms and  allowing William to start functioning effectively. If drugs shall be  used, he is supposed to be told that they may have some side effects.  This will allow him to choose whether he want psychotherapy alone or a  combination.  

                                            References

American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (DSM-5®). American Psychiatric Pub

Lancaster,  C. L., Teeters, J. B., Gros, D. F., & Back, S. E. (2016).  Posttraumatic stress disorder: Overview of evidence-based assessment and  treatment. Journal of clinical medicine, 5(11), 105

Miller,  S. M., Pedersen, E. R., & Marshall, G. N. (2017). Combat experience  and problem drinking in veterans: Exploring the roles of PTSD, coping  motives, and perceived stigma. Addictive behaviors, 66, 90-95

Nguyen,  A. W., Chatters, L. M., Taylor, R. J., Levine, D. S., & Himle, J.  A. (2016). Family, friends, and 12-month PTSD among African Americans. Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology, 51(8), 1149-1157.

Paintain, E., & Cassidy, S. (2018). First‐line therapy for post‐traumatic stress disorder: A systematic review of cognitive behavioural therapy and psychodynamic approaches. Counselling and psychotherapy research, 18(3), 237-250.

Shin, J. J., & Saadabadi, A. (2019). Trazodone, Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK470560/