Watch the video about Berries and the Brain. After watching the video, answer the three critical thinking questions listed below. We will use this space to build, as a group our own body of knowledge to several topics covered in the course. There is no minimum contribution to the Blogs. You should read it and post comments or questions to me and to your fellow students about the topic. The Blogs make up part of your Blogs/Case Studies grade. Your grade will be determined based on the amount and quality of your contributions in the Blogs.

TIP: Click the icon above to watch the video (includes CC and transcript). The link opens in a new window, close the window to return to this section of your course.

Critical Thinking Questions:

1. Do blueberries and strawberries have similar levels of anthocyanins? How could you find out?
2. What other environmental factors influence the production of free radicals?
3. What other nutrients can help the body reduce the level of damaging free radicals? What are some foods that contain these nutrients?

Must be atleast 300 words

Please, post a response to the following discussion in APA format without cover page, one paragraph, using one reference from peer-reviewed Nursing Journal not older than 5 years.

     Abdominal Assessment

Performing a thorough assessment is an essential skill. The treatment for any client is based on the diagnosis, and that diagnosis relies entirely on the assessment. To assess a 78-year-old male with a chief complaint of abdominal pain, bloody diarrhea, fever, and weight loss; there are many important factors to take into consideration. First, it is crucial to assess more in-depth the chief complaint, known as a history of current illness. These will include an assessment of the abdominal pain following the pqrst. Also, an assessment of his bowel movement (diarrhea), when did it started, what causes it, what makes it subsides; did he took anything to stop it, did he had any changes in his eating habits, ask him to describe his bowel movements, and did any nausea or vomiting accompany it. Next, an assessment of the fever to find out when did start it, what was his highest temperature reading, what causes the fever to subside, was he exposed to any diseases like Clostridium difficile or food poisoning and is it accompanied by chills. Additionally, an assessment of his weight loss to see how much weight did he lost and in how long, was the weight loss intentionally, what type of diet does he follows, is there any cultural or belief factors that affect his diet.  

After the history of the current illness is obtained, the assessment continues into the risk factors. These will include a list of medications, and if the client is taking any NSAIDs or blood thinners; food, drugs, and environmental allergies; use of tobacco, alcohol and recreational drugs; history of vaccinations and traveling out of the country; past medical history (PMH), past surgical history (PSH), family history, previous hospitalizations, history of previous gastrointestinal (GI) problems like GERD, peptic ulcers, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), anemia, and celiac disease, history of previous diagnostics GI tests and results like endoscopies and lab work. Also, assessment of living conditions, whom does he lives with, who prepares his meals, does he has access to drinking water and electricity. Even though certain diseases are not common in the US, the healthcare provider should never exclude them from the assessment. Assessing for parasitic diseases is a critical component for patients with GI symptoms and fever. Even though is more common in developing countries, it should not be ignored in the US. Commonly caused by ingestion of contaminated food or water, parasitic diseases are often misdiagnosed for tumors. The common symptoms are abdominal pain, diarrhea, bloody stool, fever, and weight loss (Çiftci, Bulut, Özdaş & Yıldırım. 2018). Amebomas are variable in sizes and on assessment are found as a palpable mass that causes obstructive symptoms and mimics many other diseases.

The next step is the physical examination. These start with the inspection, looking for the color, contour, size, shape,  pulsations, and lessions (Jensen, 2015). Then, the assessment continues with the auscultation of the bowel sounds over the four quadrants and the vascular sounds. The next step is percussion of the four abdominal quadrants assessing for the size of the organs and looking for tympanic sounds over the hollow areas and dullness over the organs, masses, fluids or obstructions (Jensen, 2015). The palpation is performed at the end, beginning with light palpation and assessing for pain, then follow by deep palpation to check for organs, masses, or tenderness (Jensen, 2015).

The documentation of the assessment findings is done using the SOAP format. All subjective data is documented under S, and all objective data is documented under O.  The assessment or diagnosis is written under A., And the plan of treatment is documented under P.

Create a 15-minute oral presentation 4 pages that examines the moral and ethical issues related to triaging patients in an emergency room.

By successfully completing this assessment, you will demonstrate your proficiency in the following course competencies and assessment criteria:

• Competency 1: Explain the effect of health care policies, legislation, and legal issues on health care delivery and patient outcomes.
  • Explain the health care policies that can affect emergency care.
  • Recommend evidence-based decision-making strategies nurses can use during triage.
• Competency 3: Apply professional nursing ethical standards and principles to the decision-making process.
  • Describe the moral and ethical challenges nurses can face when following hospital policies and protocols.
  • Explain how health care disparities impact treatment decisions.
• Competency 4: Communicate in a manner that is consistent with expectations of nursing professionals.
  • Write content clearly and logically, with correct use of grammar, punctuation, and mechanics.
  • Correctly format citations and references using APA style.

To deepen your understanding, you are encouraged to consider the questions below and discuss them with a fellow learner, a work associate, an interested friend, or a member of your professional community.

• How does a triage nurse decide which patient gets seen first?
• How does health disparity affect the triage nurse’s decision making?
• What ethical and moral issues does the triage nurse take into account when making a decision?
• What are triage-level designations?

Your supervisor has asked you to do a 15-minute oral presentation at a staff meeting about a recent issue that occurred at another hospital in town. Following an industrial accident, two patients arrived at the emergency room of that hospital at the same time, presenting with very similar inhalation injuries. The hospital received a great deal of negative press due to how the patients were triaged in the ER. Your supervisor would like you to use the specifics of this case to review triage procedures and best practices at your facility. Here are the details:

• One is a 32-year-old firefighter, Frank Jeffers, who is presenting with respiratory difficulties that he obtained while evacuating victims of an industrial accident. He is a married homeowner and father of two young boys. He has lived in the community all his life. He has full and comprehensive health insurance through his employer.
• The other is Brent Damascus, a 58-year-old man. Brent is presenting with respiratory difficulties with the same intensity as Mr. Jeffers above. He is well known at the hospital emergency room, as he is a frequent visitor with various complaints, including asthma, headaches, and tremors. He is homeless, unemployed, and uninsured. He stays many nights at the YMCA and eats lunch at the soup kitchen. He has lived in the community for over 10 years and has been arrested several times for petty theft.

Preparation

Search the Internet for scholarly and professional peer-reviewed articles on best practices in triage nursing. You will need at least three articles to use as support for your work on this assessment.

Directions

Create a 15-minute presentation 4 pages that examines the moral and ethical issues that occurred when triaging these two patients and the best practices for managing this in the future.

Divide your draft into a number of talking points that you can summarize neatly. Keep in mind that an oral presentation requires slightly different language than an essay. The aim is to communicate your message so keep sentences simple and focus on the key points you want to deliver. Address the following in your presentation:

• Explain the health care policies and protocols that are in place that direct triage care in an emergency situation.
• Explain how health care disparities impact treatment decisions.
• Identify the health care policies that are in place that direct care for uninsured individuals. Is there a difference in how these individuals are triaged?
• Describe the moral and ethical challenges nurses can face when following hospital policies and protocols. Is there a conflict when a severely injured person is also uninsured?
• Recommend evidence-based strategies that should be applied for managing the care of uninsured and indigent population.

Additional Requirements

Your presentation should meet the following requirements:

• Written communication: Written communication should be free of errors that detract from the overall message.
• References: Include a reference section with a minimum of three references; a majority of these should be peer-reviewed sources. All resources should have been published within the last 5 years.
• APA format: Resources and citations should be formatted according to current APA style and formatting.
• Length: 4 typed, double-spaced pages, excluding title page and reference page. Use Microsoft Word to complete the assessment.
• Font and font size: Times New Roman, 12-point.

Plagiarising as a nursing student, goes beyond the academics. It reaches to the core and very foundation of trust, and integrity upon which the profession of nursing was built, and affects the very care we give to our most trusting clients, our patients. It attempts to uproot and, make a mockery of it all by taking away the trust the public has in our profession. As students, if we do not carefully research the topics and issues before us, and discover the best way to address and get it under control through proper data collection, giving credit to where it is due, we will not be able to carry these out as nurses. This is exactly what we are going to do for every patients concern. We will have to research or investigate the problem, collect data, analyze it, plan, while advocating for the patient as we present our findings to the physicians. Our implementation of the prescribed care will focus on the patient’s safety, and we will patiently and together with the physician evaluate the outcome of the whole process. This will aid to enhance a much better outcome for these patients.Their trust in the profession of nursing will be strengthened. The issue here is about honesty and integrity in our work as nurses. We are expected to research enough materials and get an excellent  grasp of the researched topic while giving credit to the sources of our acquired wisdom. As we practice doing this at this level of our education, we will easily transfer it to our professions as nurses. As we ethically practice this, we will be able to stand with those great giants in healthcare, and deliver the best possible care with integrity to those that have come to us with trust in their time of illness or trauma. 

The public has great trust in our profession, and believes that we will be there to help them alleviate their greatest fears during a time of illness.The only way we can deliver this care is by diligently studying and gaining an up-to-date understanding through research and the application of this knowledge to our patients conditions. This will help to optimize these patients outcomes ( Brower & Nemec, 2017). Our critical thinking skills, our careful observations and the analysis of these informations takes us from being task oriented nurses to educated scientists who are able to enhance their patients lives by making discoveries with solid evidence from our varied data collections and analysis, and implementing those plans for a better outcome for our patients.This process further solves problems and impacts our clients or patients  by improving their outcomes ( Brower & Nemec, 2017).

In order to ensure academic integrity in my work, I will thoroughly research materials on a given subject and gain a good understanding of it (Eberle, 2013). I will carefully study and ask questions to gain the understanding needed to become a safe nurse.

I will be very careful to give credit to each source I use by citing it authors and the dates of its publications.

Respond to at least two of your colleagues’ posts by offering suggestions/strategies for working with this database from your own experience, or offering ideas for using alternative resources.

at least 2 references in each peer responses! 

To craft research papers, the research to support the topic must be research articles should be quality, peer-reviewed from a credible source. Above is an example of a research article that meets criteria to be incorporated into a graduate-level body of work. To obtain the peer-reviewed article above, I utilized the Walden Library database search. The article titled “Trends in Pediatric Emergency Department Visits for Mental Health Conditions and Disposition by Presence of a Psychiatric Unit” comes from Academic Pediatrics, which is a peer-reviewed publication. The research presented in this article used a cross-sectional survey to identify patterns of mental health-related visits of youth populations to pediatric emergency departments (Rodean et al., 2019). A cross-sectional survey is a qualitative study that aims to identify patterns, behaviors, actions, and experiences with the use of self-administered interviews (Smith, 2009, p. 7). Since I plan to focus on the pediatric population once I obtain my Psychiatric Mental Health Nurse Practitioner (PMHNP), this journal article is relevant to my career path. Using the Walden library search has been advantageous as it is user-friendly and had many choices to choose from when I searched for “pediatric mental health.”

Because of the reasons mentioned above, I did not find it difficult to find related material to my subject of choice. I believe because of the ease of use and the ability to use the “ask a librarian” tool to help find resources, the Thoreau search through Walden University Library is a collection of databases that would be useful to my colleagues. Overall, I would recommend the Thoreau search through the Walden University Library, as it has an expansive variety of peer-reviewed, reputable resources and articles as it searches many databases all in one place (Walden University, n.d.). Incorporating articles and resources that are reputable and peer-reviewed is essential when creating bodies of work that are credible (Laureate Education, 2018). By evaluating resources this week, I am gaining a better understanding of what resources to utilize to create reliable resources that are full of integrity.