Module 3 – Case

DESCRIPTIVE AND ANALYTIC EPIDEMIOLOGY

Case Assignment 

This assignment has two parts.

Part 1: Write a descriptive epidemiological analysis of the following diseases: Lyme disease or Malaria. Describe the basic epidemiological patterns of this health condition by person, place, and time.

Part 2: You are a Health Officer for a rural county health department and have been assigned to study the frequency of an infectious disease such as tuberculosis or HIV/AIDS. Write an essay in which you do the following:

1. Describe observational and experimental epidemiology as the two (2) study designs apply to either of the diseases you have chosen.  Be sure to identify differences between these two types of analytic epidemiology.
2. Under what conditions will you conduct a case-control study as opposed to a cohort study?

Be sure to support your opinion with evidence from the literature. Please research from the module materials and any credible, scholarly and professional source including the University’s online library in providing your response.

Length: 3-4 pages, excluding title page and references.

Assignment Expectations

Assessment and Grading: Your paper will be assessed based on the performance assessment rubric that is linked within the course. Review it before you begin working on the assignment.

Your work should also follow these Assignment Expectations.

1. Compare vulnerable populations. Describe an example of one of these groups in the United States or from another country. Explain why the population is designated as “vulnerable.” Include the number of individuals belonging to this group and the specific challenges or issues involved. Discuss why these populations are unable to advocate for themselves, the ethical issues that must be considered when working with these groups, and how nursing advocacy would be beneficial. 

2. 

How does the community health nurse recognize bias, stereotypes, and implicit bias within the community? How should the nurse address these concepts to ensure health promotion activities are culturally competent? Propose strategies that you can employ to reduce cultural dissonance and bias to deliver culturally competent care. Include an evidence-based article that address the cultural issue. Cite and reference the article in APA format.  

Nursing theories are tested and systematic ways to implement nursing practice. Using Nightingale’s Environmental Theory and its conceptual model. Prepare a minimum of 15 slide PowerPoint in which you describe the Nightingale’s Environmental Theory and its conceptual model and demonstrate its application in nursing practice. Include the following:

1. Present      an overview of the nursing theory. Provide evidence that demonstrates      support for the model’s efficacy in nursing practice. Explain how the      theory proves the conceptual model. (5 slides)
2. Explain      how the nursing theory incorporates the four metaparadigm concepts. (5      slides)
3. Provide      three evidence-based examples that demonstrate how the nursing theory      supports nursing practice. Provide support and rationale for each. (5      slides)

Refer to the resource, “Creating Effective PowerPoint Presentations,” located in the Student Success Center, for additional guidance on completing this assignment in the appropriate style.

While APA style is not required for the body of this assignment, solid academic writing is expected, and documentation of sources should be presented using APA formatting guidelines, which can be found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center.

This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion. 

You are required to submit this assignment to Lopeswrite for plagiarism

Respond to this 

 PICOT Question  Can overweight and obesity among teenagers be prevented or managed successfully through physical activity programs after six months than no intervention at all?  Specific Research Approach  The main research method that will be used in this study is qualitative approach. Qualitative research can be described as a data gathering approach that entails in-depth inquiry of human perceptions, attitudes, and experiences. This research also seeks to examine associated processes within the contexts that certain phenomena take place (Langford, 2012). The utilization of qualitative research approach results in the development of value-based understanding of motivations and behaviors. There are various ways in which qualitative design will be implemented. This type of research approach is reliant on observations and assessments that subjectively measure the participants’ introspections, interpersonal interactions, as well as those who have relevant communities (Langford, 2012). The process of reporting this research is highly supported by verbal and visual descriptions, quotations, as well as interpretive coding.  The primary reason of which qualitative research has been selected is that it gives room for access to detailed feedback from the subjects and circumstances. In the past, the process of data gathering and analysis highly over depended on subjective evaluations (Langford, 2012). Moreover, qualitative approach provides insights into the attitudes, behaviors, and motivations on issues related to physical activity as a way of educing obesity prevalence among adolescents. This process will give room for in-depth evaluation of issues that are being researched. Moreover, qualitative approach enables the researcher to investigate highly-sensitive information. Further, qualitative design is a useful tool for undertaking comprehensive assessment on the basis of interpersonal interactions over an extended period of time.  Data Collection Method  Interviews will be used as the main data gathering methods for this study. In particular, the participants will be administered with structured interviews, which will have a list of questions read out and the responses noted down (Gratton & Jones, 2014). Structured interviews will ensure that the respondents complete the questionnaires on time and seek clarification over questions that may seem unclear or ambiguous. Structured interviews will enable the participants to express their experiences in their own words on what they feel about the efficacy of physical activities in reducing obesity prevalence. This process will enable them to explain and elaborate on any area of specific interest or significance (Gratton & Jones, 2014). Furthermore, the interview method will be insightful in many ways since it offers the researcher with perceived causal inferences from the respondents, as opposed to the researcher’s point of view. This process allows the respo0ndent to become more of an informant, who provides data from their own lived experiences and perspective. Further, the interview method will be used as a tool to provide avenues through which more important, yet unexpected data will emerge (Gratton & Jones, 2014). This is especially the case when it comes to face-to-face interviews, which enable the researcher to evaluate the respondent’s body language, facial expressions, and voice tonal variations.  Steps to Ensure Data Quality  Data quality is critical in realizing credibility of study. As such, there are various steps that will be taken to ensure quality of the data gathered. First, a data auditing process will be undertaken. The auditing process involves comparing samples of reported data for earlier time period with the source’s data records for the current period. The main assessment methods for data auditing will include triangulating with other data sources, conducting documentation reviews, and verifying and cross-checking (Radhakrishna et al. 2012). In addition, reliability will be ensured by conducting repeated measurements to ensure that they are consistent. Validity refers to the closeness between the values offered and the true values. Validity will be attained through careful designing of the structured interview questions, and conducting field tests.    References  Gratton, C., & Jones, I. (2014). Research methods for sports studies. London: Routledge.  Langford, R. (2012). Qualitative research methods. Boston, MA: Sage  Radhakrishna, R., Tobin, D., Brennan, M., & Thomson, J. (2012). Ensuring data quality in  extension Research and evaluation studies. Journal