1) **********minimum 3 full pages (1 page each document) ( not words)**************************** (cover or reference page not included)

2)¨**********APA norms  (All paragraphs must be narrative and cited in the text- each paragraphs)

3)********** It will be verified by Turnitin and SafeAssign 

4)  Minimum 2 references not older than 5 years  (Only scholarly papers and research or pages from official sources such as CDC, WHO, etc. are accepted)

5) Each answer must be identified according to the question number. Check the list of questions. 

Your answer should start objectively answering the question

Question:

1)…………

2)…………

3)…………

Answer:

1)…………

2)…………

3)…………

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You must answer (2) question 3 times. 

You must submit 3 documents (each one 1 page).

Copy and paste will not be admitted. 

You should address the questions with different wording, different references, but always, objectively answering the questions

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Choose one neurological disorder (1 per each paper)

Parkinson

Alzheimer

Dysarthria

1) Explain the disorder

2) Mention signs and symptoms in older people

3) Discuss its management of the disorder in older people

4) Discuss important nursing implications.  

Respond  in one or more of the following ways:

Ask a probing question, substantiated with additional background information, and evidence.

Share an insight from having read your colleagues’ postings, synthesizing the information to provide new perspectives.

Offer and support an alternative perspective using readings from the classroom or from your own review of the literature in the Walden Library.

Make a suggestion based on additional evidence drawn from readings or after synthesizing multiple postings.

                                                              Main Post

When conducting research, it is necessary that the researcher not only know how to find the sources needed to answer the question that they have created but also how to analyze that information to understand which research design was used. Doing so will allow the researcher to provide the evidence needed to support or reject the question being asked. Quantitative research is the investigation of phenomena that lends themselves to precise measurement and quantification, often involving a controlled design (Polit & Beck, 2017). This discussion will look at two different quantitative studies and the qualities that make them so. 

Sleep Apnea Study Number One

 This study by Boulos et al.(2017) looks at the effectiveness of using home sleep apnea testing (HSAT) as a means of detecting obstructive sleep apnea (OSA)  in stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA) inpatients and outpatients. OSA can negatively impact poststroke functional recovery and by using HSAT these patients can be screened and diagnosed for OSA sooner and improve their poststroke functional and motor recovery (Boulos et al., 2017).

The question being asked is therapeutic in nature. The design of the study is listed under the methods section as a single-center prospective observational study. An observational study means that the researchers do not intervene by manipulating the independent variable  (Polit & Beck, 2017). The independent variable within this study would be that all participants have had a stroke or TIA. Prospective designs are studies that begin with a presumed cause and look forward in time for its effect (Polit & Beck, 2017). Within this study, OSA was the presumed cause in a delay of functional and motor recovery for those patients who suffered a stroke or TIA. This design method was appropriate for the group being used. A control group would not have helped to validate the use of HSAT in stroke recovery since those within that group would not be suffering from the same effects. The use of t-tests, Wilcoxon rank sum-test, and multivariate logistic regression were used to analyze the data (Boulos et al., 2017). The results demonstrated that the use of HSAT in the poststroke or TIA population was effective at expediting the diagnosis and treatment of OSA (Boulos et al., 2017). 

Sleep Apnea Study Number Two

The second study is similar to the first in that it evaluated patients with acute ischemic stroke for the prevalence of sleep apnea and compared the functional outcomes of patients with and without sleep apnea at the 3rd month after an acute ischemic stroke (Nair et al., 2019). The type of question being asked is an etiology in that it looks to see if OSA is a risk factor for stroke. The design of the study is under the methodology section and is listed as a prospective observational study. This type of study is also known as a cohort design and as stated by Polit & Beck (2017), it is the strongest design for etiology questions when randomization is impossible. This method study is appropriate in that no manipulation was done to the independent variable (stroke). Randomization would not be appropriate for this particular study as the only treatment option would be the use of Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) and the use of such treatment was not evaluated.

Questionnaires such as the sleep disordered Questionnaire, Berlin Questionnaire, and Epworth sleepiness scale were used to diagnose sleep apnea in the patients being evaluated and the results divided the group into those who had sleep apnea and those who did not. The two groups were then compared using Barthel scores at baseline and at 3 months. Using repeated measure of ANOVA, the results showed a significant difference with an improved functional gain in patients in the no sleep apnea group demonstrating that sleep apnea is associated with an increased risk of ischemic stroke and poor functional outcome (Nair et al., 2019).  

Conclusion

  For researchers, understanding which design method to use when creating a research study can be a great asset to promoting the change that they wish to bring about. Utilizing the wrong research design may diminish the quality of the results and may create doubt about the study overall. Understanding that quantitative studies aim to explain cause-and-effect relationships will help to guide the researcher to design their research to demonstrate causality and bring attention to the problem that they are determined to address (Polit & Beck, 2017).

 

References

Boulos, M. I., Elias, S., Wan, A., Im, J., Frankul, F., Atalla, M., … Murray, B. J. (2017). 

Unattended Hospital and Home Sleep Apnea Testing Following Cerebrovascular Events. Journal of Stroke & Cerebrovascular Diseases, 26(1), 143–149. https://doi-org.ezp.waldenulibrary.org/10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2016.09.001

Nair, R., Radhakrishnan, K., Chatterjee, A., Gorthi, S. P., & Prabhu, V. A. (2019). Sleep 

Apnea-Predictor of Functional Outcome in Acute Ischemic Stroke. Journal of Stroke & Cerebrovascular Diseases, 28(3), 807–814. https://doi-org.ezp.waldenulibrary.org/10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2018.11.030

Polit, D. F., & Beck, C. T. (2017). Nursing research: Generating and assessing evidence for 

nursing practice (10th ed.). Philadelphia, PA: Wolters Kluwer.

 

Minimum of 250 words with at least 2 peer review reference in 6th edition APA format.

 Identify two quality metrics used in your clinical workplace. How are these measured and are the results shared with the nursing staff? If not, do you think they should be? What would be the benefit? 

Organizational Ethics Presentation 

                                                                     

1.   Choose a topic below. 

• Taken from the assigned reading in Butts chapter 12, page 401, “Ethical Reflection: Typical Unethical or Illegal Behaviors in Organizations  (SEE THE ATTACHMENT)
• 2.       Create a presentation of 10-15 slides or screens excluding the title and references.
• Your slides/screen should include titles, main ideas, bullet points, and relevant images, charts, graphs, etc.  
• 3.    In your presentation:
• Describe an ethical situation, based on the chosen topic, that can get in the nurse’s way of practicing ethically. Describe the situation clearly and concisely.
• Identify how this situation relates to one provision within the Code of Ethics for Nurses.
• Identify two ethical principles that may arise when facing this situation.
• Discuss how a nurse might lessen the impact of the situation on the nurse’s practice.
• In addition to the course texts, cite and reference a minimum of two (2) additional scholarly sources to support your work.
• Close with a summary of your topic, and APA formatted reference slide(s).

            

While the implementation plan prepares students to apply their   research to the problem or issue they have identified for their   capstone change proposal project, the literature review enables   students to map out and move into the active planning and development   stages of the project.

A literature review analyzes how current research supports the   PICOT, as well as identifies what is known and what is not known in   the evidence. Students will use the information from the earlier PICOT   Statement Paper and Literature Evaluation Table assignments to develop   a 750-1,000 word review that includes the following sections:

1. Title page
2. Introduction section
3. A comparison     of research questions
4. A comparison of sample   populations
5. A comparison of the limitations of the study
6. A conclusion section, incorporating recommendations for further   research

Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA   Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required.

This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to   beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for   successful completion.

You are required to submit this assignment to LopesWrite. Please refer   to the directions in the Student Success Center.