Please, respond to the following discussion by using peer-reviewed Nursing Journal not older than 5 years. APA format required.

Nursing Research and Evidence-Based Practice

Evidence based practice (EBP) is related to nursing research in several ways. Evidence based practices use researched knowledge in order to improve a practice. A fundamental part of EBP is using the best presented research evidence and integrating it with other factors in making clinical decisions to improve the outcomes (Polit & Beck, 2018). Nurses need to understand a research in order to use it and to center the evidence of its practice in order to adjust it to possibly perform an EBP.

Nursing research and EBP have their differences as well. There are different requirements for nurses to do either. Any nurse can perform an EBP. They can use a knowledge in nursing and improve the results of a practice by changing a few things. A group of RNs’ on a rehabilitation unit can give group talk sessions about fall prevention measures with patients and family member and record if there are less falls in the unit as a result of this practice. Nurses need a higher education in order to perform researches. Many researches companies require that nurse acquire a master’s in nursing, or even a doctorate, prior to be hire. Both nursing research and EBP has a different set of steps to follow. Nursing research involves concepts, constructs, theories, variable, and research data (Polit & Beck, 2018). Nursing researches can be based on nursing, medical, or any other science that could relate with nursing. EBP, on the contrary, will use of a research knowledge, find a group to test, perform an intervention, compare the results, check for outcomes and make better decisions based on the best evidence. Also, there are four essential EBP skills which are asking a practice question using the PICO method, retrieving evidence from the literature, appraising the evidence, and synthesizing the evidence (Howe & Close, 2016).

In conclusion, a nursing research is a development of a new knowledge based on a study perform by nurses with a higher education while EBP can be performed by a nurse with the knowledge already known and with better evidences will improve its application. 

What is the difference between a group “at risk” for poor health and a group considered a “vulnerable” population? Provide an example of an “at risk” or “vulnerable population” group in the United States and one in another country (or immigrants within the United States).

1. Explain why members of these groups cannot advocate for themselves or why advocating for these groups would be beneficial.
2. What would you advocate for?
3. Identify ethical issues that need to be addressed when working with these individuals.
4. Provide information about the selected “at risk” group. How many individuals fall into this group and what are some issues they face. 

An Ethical Perspective

By the due date assigned post a response to one of the two discussion topics below, using information from the lectures, reading assignments, library resources, and Internet resources. All responses should be posted to the Discussion Area.

Topic 1

Select an ethical theory or principle that is most congruent with your ethical views. Identify an ethical dilemma presented in your readings. Describe how you could utilize the selected theory to resolve the ethical dilemma. Explain if the selected ethical theory could continue to be upheld under the circumstances of the dilemma. 

Citations should conform to APA guidelines. You may use this APA Citation Helper as a convenient reference for properly citing resources or connect to the APA Style website through the APA icon below. 

• Explore the National Institute of Nursing Research (NINR) website: http://www.ninr.nih.gov/ Review their publication Bringing science to life: NINR strategic plan (2011, p. 7) to identify the current priorities for nursing research. Do you agree with the priorities or would you recommend addition or elimination of some of the priorities? What effect do the nursing research priorities have on nursing researchers?
• What criteria must be met in order to consider a practice, evidence-based? Provide examples. Explain the role quality plays in evidence-based practice? 
• Based on the information you’ve learned to this point, write a research proposal that relates to the topics you chose for a previous assignment. Be sure to include the following information in your proposal:
  • Hypothesis
  • Theory
  • Design model
  • Method
  • Anticipated results
  • Potential Dissemination Avenues 

Assignment:

Public health officials in state offices usually participate in the analysis of proposed legislation but may have different names for the format or process that is used in that state. For this purposes of this assignment, the term Health Policy Analysis (HPA) will be used with the following format. The student is to create an HPA using one of the following scenarios.

Scenario One:

The nurse consultant in the state office has been assigned to complete the HPA for this bill.

Complete the HPA in clear succinct sentences. At least three references should be cited using the APA style is required.

House Bill No. 240 has been introduced in the state General Assembly by a patron and has been referred to the “Health Committee.” The bill is as follows:

That the code of this state is amended by adding a section to the ɠ 32.1-134 regarding hospital practice to read: Every hospital providing maternity care shall, prior to releasing each maternity patient, make available to such patient and her husband information about postpartum depression and a list of available treatment options available in the state. This information shall be discussed with the maternity patient with her physician and documented in the patient’s medical record.

Complete a health policy analysis using the following questions:

• Summarize the proposed legislation. Use your own words to describe the intent of the legislation.
• Describe the problem the proposed legislation is intended to address. Use secondary data to further describe the problem as is known from the literature.
• Identify the stakeholders and project the expected opinion. Indicate who would be in support of the legislation and why. Indicate who would not support the legislation and why?
• Examine the risks and benefits of the proposed legislation. If this bill is passed, what would be the expected outcomes and would that have a positive or negative impact on the public health? If this bill is not passed, what would be the positive or negative outcomes?
• Provide discussion as to the projected costs of this legislation if any.
• What would be the recommendation to the Governor?
• Should the Governor strongly support the bill and make a statement that he would sign if passed by the legislature?
• Should the Governor support the bill but express concerns or reservations? If so, what are those concerns? Can the proposed legislation be improved? If so, suggest the amendment/s.
• Should the Governor not support and state that he would veto if it passed the legislature? Give the reasons why the bill should not be supported and vetoed.
• The assignment should be presented in APA format in a scholarly essay of 1500 to 2000 words. At least two scholarly sources, other than the textbook and provided materials should be utilized.