Hi, I need help in writing 250 word length and provide the citation for the source of your information. Please type this in your own words, do not copy from any websites.

The case study of the Tuskegee Syphilis Study, (Berkeley College)

What experimental safeguards do we have now to avoid these situations? 

If we applied our 7 steps decision making process to these situations what would have been the outcome?

Was or will the restitution (the compensation) be enough for the injuries suffered?

APA format 1 and half  3peer review reference 3 from Walden University Library

 

Heparin Induced Thrombocytopenia 

When an individual has a platelet count less than 150,000 platelets/uL, he or she is considered to have thrombocytopenia. This condition can occur because of genetic predispositions or can be acquired. When thrombocytopenia is seen due to congenital origin, the underlying disease could be TAR syndrome, Wiskott Aldrich syndrome, or a gene mutation. Acquired thrombocytopenia is usually seen in relation to viral infections, mediation use, a nutrient deficiency, , renal failure, or radiation therapy, or cancer (Huether & McCance, 2017, p. 541). 

Thrombocyopenia can be induced with the use of heparin. Furthermore, this condition is called heparin induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) syndrome. It occurs in result to an immune response to the use of heparin. It is less common when using unfractionated heparin, like Lovenox. The immune response causes IgG antibodies to react against the heparin-platelet factor, which leads to platelet activation. The increase in platelet factor 4 and thrombin production leads to an increase in platelet consumption. Platelet consumption results in low platelet counts which appear five to ten days later after heparin was administered (Huether & McCance, 2017, p. 541). 

With HIT syndrome, the patient will experience venous and arterial clotting, while having low platelets levels. This problem is difficult to manage because the patient is clotting and has a risk for bleeding at the same time. Priority management of the patient’s condition is essential (Krzych, Nowacka, & Knapik, 2015).  

Drug Therapy

After HIT syndrome has been identified, it is important to stop the use of heparin and look at other avenues of anticoagulant therapy. There is not a reversal medication to stop HIT from occurring. Managing the patient based on their clinical manifestations is the mainstay of treatment (Huether & McCance, 2017, p. 541). 

Behavior

Patients with HIT syndrome typically need platelet replacement. Platelets are a blood component and require consent from the patient prior to them being given. Some individuals have religious beliefs, such as a Jehovah witness, in regards to receiving blood products and will refuse platelet therapy. This therapy is patient choice, but refusal of platelets can be detrimental to the patient. It is important to give all patients the option to receive therapy and discuss pros and cons of their decision. Promoting patient decision making is essential as we strive to maintain their autonomy (Edelen, 2014). 

References

Edelen, A. (2014). Blood products and the Jehovah’s witness: An ethical concern. Kentucky 

Nurse, 62(2), 4-5.

Huether, S. E., & McCance, K. L. (2017). Understanding  pathophysiology (6th ed.). St. Louis, 

MO: Mosby. 

Krzych, Ł. J., Nowacka, E., & Knapik, P. (2015). Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia. 

Anaesthesiology Intensive Therapy, 47(1), 63-76. doi:10.5603/AIT.2015.0006

II need 2 and half or 3 pages reflection paper for my nursing capstone. It should be in APA format and reference page. These information should be address in the paper: 

In the 6th week I thought I faced all possible accident or issue as a school nurse I supposed to know and how to handle any issue. It was interesting that every week I face new situation that needs different intervention. During my 6th week, a 3rd grade boy came to nursing office with his right hand in hard cast. He got broken bone during weekend as he was playing soccer with his dad. He complained of pain in his fingers that he can’t bend them. I looked at his fingers and the first thing that came to my mind was that he most likely suffering of possible ‘compartment syndrome”. After 4 days being in cast, he got severe pain , swelling fingers without any sensation and bluish color. I talked to my preceptor and immediately called his mom and informed her that this is emergency situation and immediately needs intervene to save his hands of getting permanent damage. Another new case I would like to talk about it is a 7th grade student just diagnosed with Crohn’s disease. My preceptor and I had meeting with his parents, school psychologist, and assistant principal to discuss his situation and come up with a care plan for him during remaining days of school year. I shared all my info about Crohn’s disease and how to help the patient based on what I learned in peds and medsurg class. It was really good experience since I noticed how the parents of the student was happy that their son would be supported and cared by the school staff and even considered extra tutoring for him in case he couldn’t attend all days at school. That diagnosis was new and he needed lots of labs and procedures like colonoscopy which may caused him to miss few schooldays. Even I felt good that I can help even very small and show my interest to care for their son as much as I can. Both those scenarios  were very good and positive experiences to me, it proved me that whatever I learned in nursing school I can use them in real patient and help them. My other intervention that at first I thought it was negative, but at the end I realized I did right thing and turned to be positive is about a fourth grade boy who needs straight cath every day 2 times. Finally he allowed me to supervise him in bathroom when he does straight cath for himself. He did it right, but after he finished it, he refused to flush the toilet and throw the tubes in garbage can. He said you have to do it. I did it, but kind of surprised why during 2 years he does this to himself with supervision of the nurse, never he did this simple thing by himself. I asked my preceptor about that and she told me because I always flush the toilet for him and throw the tube in garbage. I said respectfully to her that I think he should do it by himself , he is 10 years old and need to learn as much as independent as possible. Flushing the toilet is part of this process and when he does the harder part like self straight cath for himself , he can throw it in garbage can or flush the toilet. Of course I didn’t mean to be mean to a 10 years old boy, I just want to help him in a right way. When I brought this issue with the school nurse, I kind of regretted that I wish wouldn’t say that. My preceptor accept my suggestion and next time asked the boy to do those I noticed. Now it is a habit for him and after he is done , he flushes and throw the tube in garbage can. The nurse told me how she is happy that he is doing everything independently. So I felt I did something right by bringing this to her attention, even she is really experienced school nurse and has over a decade experience and also deeply cares for all students, but sometimes we forget something and a small respectful reminder would be beneficial. It is very important to not resist against the truth. I appreciate my preceptor for her great personality and being open mind. Those were my new experiences that should address them in my reflection paper.

Write a 700 to 1,050 word paper on Tuberculosis. Please Include the disease’s type(whether primary, secondary, or tertiary prevention) explain what makes it classified as such. Discuss the impact this disease has on society as it relates to the business of health care and the use of its resources.

 

Include at least two references.

Format your paper according to APA guidelines.