Nursing-Doctorate level Discussion questions. 2 pages for each question. Please present with at least 2 references with answer to each question. References must be within 5 years. Absolutely plagiarism free. 

These are 2 separate questions– Each to be presented separately. It can be on one attachment or separately. 

Question #1. Epidemiologic Measurement in Population Health Outcomes

The Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR (Links to an external site.)) is an epidemiological report published by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). This weekly report contains data on specific diseases as reported by state and regional health departments, as well as recommendations that have been issued by the CDC. Access the MMWR (Links to an external site.) and select a report pertaining to one of the eight national practice problems to address the following.

·  Describe the epidemiologic principles and measures used to address the practice problem.

·  Discuss the use of descriptive and/or analytic epidemiology to address the practice problem.

·  Recommend additional measures required to integrate proposed changes into practice.

·  Share your professional experience related to the topic.

Question #2. Using Surveillance to Address a Practice Problem

Data mining is an important component of any population health outcome analysis. Select one of the following information hubs to address a health-related topic of your choice : CDC Surveillance Resource Center and Interactive Database Systems,  (Links to an external site.) World Health Organization (WHO) (Links to an external site.) or Our World in Data (Links to an external site.).  Analyze the data presented at the national and state levels to address the following.

·  Identify the information hub and topic selected. Provide a brief summary of the practice problem.

·  Compare and contrast national and state levels of data. Use the state of your residence as a basis for the comparison.

·  Describe how data from your home state compares to data from other states.

·  Identify one national organization or intervention related to your selected topic that is addressing the burden of this disease. Describe the impact of the organization or intervention to improve outcomes.

·  Share your professional experience related to the topic.

In a 3-page paper, written in APA format using proper spelling/grammar, research the topic of breastfeeding and address the following:

1. Explain at least 3 advantages and 3 potential disadvantages or concerns related to breastfeeding.
2. Explain at least 3 advantages and 3 disadvantages or concerns about formula feeding.
3. Describe the impact that breastfeeding has on a working mother.
4. Describe at least 1 legal issue and/or recent legislation related to breastfeeding.

Be sure to include APA citations for any resources you used as references.

Headings for the Written Assignment: Breastfeeding 

                   Introduction

                   Advantages and Disadvantages Breastfeeding

                   Advantages and Disadvantages Formula Feeding

                   Impact of Breastfeeding

                   Legal Issues

                   Conclusion

                   References

 INTRODUCTIONEvidence-based literature comes from many sources. The discipline of nursing has an abundance of research data and resources to guide clinical decisions. Therefore, it is of pivotal importance to understand the basic tenets of critical appraisal of such evidence for its use in interprofessional healthcare practices.

In this task, you will identify a healthcare problem, develop an evidence-based practice (EBP) question, and review selected research and non-research evidence to find answers to that question.

Note that while you will be analyzing only one research-based and one non-research-based article in this task, an actual evidence-based practice change would require the support of many high-quality research studies.REQUIREMENTS

Your submission must be your original work. No more than a combined total of 30% of the submission and no more than a 10% match to any one individual source can be directly quoted or closely paraphrased from sources, even if cited correctly. The originality report that is provided when you submit your task can be used as a guide.

You must use the rubric to direct the creation of your submission because it provides detailed criteria that will be used to evaluate your work. Each requirement below may be evaluated by more than one rubric aspect. The rubric aspect titles may contain hyperlinks to relevant portions of the course.

Tasks may not be submitted as cloud links, such as links to Google Docs, Google Slides, OneDrive, etc., unless specified in the task requirements. All other submissions must be file types that are uploaded and submitted as attachments (e.g., .docx, .pdf, .ppt).

A.  Discuss the impact of a clinical practice problem on the patient(s) and the organization it affects.

1.  Identify the following PICO components of the clinical practice problem:

•   patient/population/problem (P)

•   intervention (I)

•   comparison (C)

•   outcome (O)

2.  Develop an evidence-based practice (EBP) question based on the clinical practice problem discussed in part A and the PICO components identified in part A1.

Note:  Refer to “Appendix B: Question Development Tool” for information on the creation of an EBP question.

B.  Select a research-based article that answers your EBP question from part A2 to conduct an evidence appraisal.

1.  Discuss the background or introduction (i.e., the purpose) of the research article.

2.  Describe the research methodology.

3.  Identify the level of evidence using the Johns Hopkins Nursing Evidence-Based Practice (JHNEBP) model.

Note: The article you select should not be more than five years old. 
Note:  Refer to “Appendix E: Research Evidence Appraisal Tool” for information on how to level a research-based article.

4.  Summarize how the researcher analyzed the data in the article.

5.  Summarize the ethical consideration(s) of the research-based article. If none are present, explain why.

6.  Identify the quality rating of the research-based article according to the JHNEBP model.

Note:  Refer to “Appendix E: Research Evidence Appraisal Tool” for information on how to establish the quality rating.

7.  Analyze the results or conclusions of the research-based article and explain how the article helps answer your EBP question.

C.  Select a non-research article from a peer-reviewed journal that helps to answer your EBP question from part A2 to conduct an evidence appraisal.

1.  Discuss the background or introduction (i.e., the purpose) of the non-research article.

2.  Describe the type of evidence (e.g., case study, quality improvement project, clinical practice guideline).

3.  Identify the level of evidence using the JHNEBP model.

Note: The article you select should not be more than five years old. 
Note:  Refer to “Appendix F: Non-Research Evidence Appraisal Tool” for information on how to level the non-research-based article.

4.  Identify the quality rating of the non-research-based article according to the JHNEBP model.

5.  Discuss how the author’s recommendation(s) in the article helps to answer your EBP question.

D.  Recommend a practice change that addresses your EBP question using both the research and non-research articles you selected for Part B and Part C.

1.  Explain how you would involve three key stakeholders in supporting the practice change recommendation.

2.  Discuss one specific barrier you may encounter when implementing the practice change recommendation.

3.  Identify one strategy that could be used to overcome the barrier discussed in part D2.

4.  Identify one outcome (the O component in PICO) from your EBP question to measure the recommended practice change.

E.  Acknowledge sources, using APA-formatted in-text citations and references, for content that is quoted, paraphrased, or summarized.

F.  Demonstrate professional communication in the content and presentation of your submission.

File RestrictionsFile name may contain only letters, numbers, spaces, and these symbols: ! – _ . * ‘ ( )
File size limit: 200 MB
File types allowed: doc, docx, rtf, xls, xlsx, ppt, pptx, odt, pdf, txt, qt, mov, mpg, avi, mp3, wav, mp4, wma, flv, asf, mpeg, wmv, m4v, svg, tif, tiff, jpeg, jpg, gif, png, zip, rar, tar, 7z
RUBRIC
 

  

Assignment: Evidence-Based Project, Part 3: Critical Appraisal of Research

Realtors rely on detailed property appraisals—conducted using appraisal tools—to assign market values to houses and other properties. These values are then presented to buyers and sellers to set prices and initiate offers.

Research appraisal is not that different. The critical appraisal process utilizes formal appraisal tools to assess the results of research to determine value to the context at hand. Evidence-based practitioners often present these findings to make the case for specific courses of action.

In this Assignment, you will use an appraisal tool to conduct a critical appraisal of published research. You will then present the results of your efforts.

To Prepare:

Reflect on the four peer-reviewed articles you selected in Module 2 and the four systematic reviews (or other filtered high- level evidence) you selected in Module 3.

Reflect on the four peer-reviewed articles you selected in Module 2 and analyzed in Module 3.

Review and download the Critical Appraisal Tool Worksheet Template provided in the Resources.

The Assignment (Evidence-Based Project)

Part 3A: Critical Appraisal of Research

Conduct a critical appraisal of the four peer-reviewed articles you selected by completing the Evaluation Table within the Critical Appraisal Tool Worksheet Template. Choose a total of four peer- reviewed articles that you selected related to your clinical topic of interest in Module 2 and Module 3.

Note: You can choose any combination of articles from Modules 2 and 3 for your Critical Appraisal. For example, you may choose two unfiltered research articles from Module 2 and two filtered research articles (systematic reviews) from Module 3 or one article from Module 2 and three articles from

Module 3. You can choose any combination of articles from the prior Module Assignments as long as both modules and types of studies are represented.

Part 3B: Critical Appraisal of Research

Based on your appraisal, in a 1-2-page critical appraisal, suggest a best practice that emerges from the research you reviewed. Briefly explain the best practice, justifying your proposal with APA citations of the research.

By Day 7 of Week 7

Learning Resources

Note: To access this module’s required library resources, please click on the link to the Course Readings List, found in the Course Materials section of your Syllabus.

Required Readings

Melnyk, B. M., & Fineout-Overholt, E. (2018). Evidence-based practice in nursing & healthcare: A guide to best practice (4th ed.). Philadelphia, PA: Wolters Kluwer.

Chapter 5, “Critically Appraising Quantitative Evidence for Clinical Decision Making” (pp. 124–188)

Chapter 6, “Critically Appraising Qualitative Evidence for Clinical Decision Making” (pp. 189–218)

Fineout-Overholt, E., Melnyk, B. M., Stillwell, S. B., & Williamson, K. M. (2010a). Evidence-based practice step by step: Critical appraisal of the evidence: Part I. American Journal of Nursing, 110(7), 47–52. doi:10.1097/01.NAJ.0000383935.22721.9c

Note: You will access this article from the Walden Library databases.

Fineout-Overholt, E., Melnyk, B. M., Stillwell, S. B., & Williamson, K. M. (2010b). Evidence-based practice, step by step: Critical appraisal of the evidence: Part II: Digging deeper—examining the “keeper” studies. American Journal of Nursing, 110(9), 41–48. doi:10.1097/01.NAJ.0000388264.49427.f9

Note: You will access this article from the Walden Library databases.

Fineout-Overholt, E., Melnyk, B. M., Stillwell, S. B., & Williamson, K. M. (2010c). Evidence-based practice, step by step: Critical appraisal of the evidence: Part III: The process of synthesis: Seeing similarities and differences across the body of evidence. American Journal of Nursing, 110(11), 43–51. doi: 10.1097/01.NAJ.0000390523.99066.b5

Note: You will access this article from the Walden Library databases.

Williamson, K. M. (2009). Evidence-based practice: Critical appraisal of qualitative evidence. Journal of the American Psychiatric Nurses Association, 15(3), 202–207. doi:10.1177/1078390309338733

Note: You will access this article from the Walden Library databases.

Document: Critical Appraisal Tool Worksheet Template (Word document)

Required Media

Laureate Education (Producer). (2018). Appraising the Research [Video file]. Baltimore, MD: Author.

Accessible player 

Laureate Education (Producer). (2018). Interpreting Statistics [Video file]. Baltimore, MD: Author.

Accessible player 

Laureate Education (Producer). (2018). Review of research: Hierarchy of evidence pyramid [Mutlimedia file]. Baltimore, MD: Author.

Schulich Library McGill. (2017, June 6). Types of reviews [Video file]. Retrieved from https://youtu.be/5Rv9z7Mp4kg

Rubric Detail

Select Grid View or List View to change the rubric’s layout.

Name: NURS_6052_Module04_Week07_Assignment_Rubric

Grid View

List View

Excellent Good Fair Poor

Part 3A: Critical Appraisal of Research Conduct a critical appraisal of the four peer-reviewed articles you selected and analyzed by completing the Critical Appraisal Tool Worksheet Template. Be sure to include: · An Evaluation Table 

45 (45%) – 50 (50%)

The critical appraisal accurately and clearly provides a detailed evaluation table. The responses provide a detailed, specific, and accurate evaluation of each of the peer-reviewed articles selected.

40 (40%) – 44 (44%)

The critical appraisal accurately provides an evaluation table. The responses provide an accurate evaluation of each of the peer-reviewed articles selected with some specificity.

35 (35%) – 39 (39%)

The critical appraisal provides an evaluation table that is inaccurate or vague. The responses provide an inaccurate or vague evaluation of each of the peer-reviewed articles selected.

0 (0%) – 34 (34%)

The critical appraisal provides an evaluation table that is inaccurate and vague or is missing.

Part 3B: Evidence-Based Best Practices Based on your appraisal, suggest a best practice that emerges from the research you reviewed. Briefly explain the best practice, justifying your proposal with APA citations of the research. 

32 (32%) – 35 (35%)

The responses accurately and clearly suggest a detailed best practice that is fully aligned to the research reviewed.

The responses accurately and clearly explain in detail the best practice, with sufficient justification of why this represents a best practice in the field. The responses provide a complete, detailed, and specific synthesis of two outside resources reviewed on the best practice explained. The response fully integrates at least two outside resources and two or three course-specific resources that fully support the responses provided.

Accurate, complete, and full APA citations are provided for the research reviewed.

28 (28%) – 31 (31%)

The responses accurately suggest a best practice that is adequately aligned to the research reviewed.

The responses accurately explain the best practice, with adequately justification of why this represents a best practice in the field. The responses provide an accurate synthesis of at least one outside resource reviewed on the best practice explained. The response integrates at least one outside resource and two or three course-specific resources that may support the responses provided.

Accurate and complete APA citations are provided for the research reviewed.

25 (25%) – 27 (27%)

The responses inaccurately or vaguely suggest a best practice that may be aligned to the research reviewed.

The responses inaccurately or vaguely explain the best practice, with inaccurate or vague justification for why this represents a best practice in the field. The responses provide a vague or inaccurate synthesis of outside resources reviewed on the best practice explained. The response minimally integrates resources that may support the responses provided.

Inaccurate and incomplete APA citations are provided for the research reviewed.

0 (0%) – 24 (24%)

The responses inaccurately and vaguely suggest a best practice that may be aligned to the research reviewed or are missing.

The responses inaccurately and vaguely explain the best practice, with inaccurate and vague justification for why this represents a best practice in the field, or are missing. A vague and inaccurate synthesis of no outside resources reviewed on the best practice explained is provided or is missing. The response fails to integrate any resources to support the responses provided.

Inaccurate and incomplete APA citations are provided for the research reviewed or is missing.

Written Expression and Formatting—Paragraph Development and Organization:

Paragraphs make clear points that support well-developed ideas, flow logically, and demonstrate continuity of ideas. Sentences are carefully focused—neither long and rambling nor short and lacking substance. A clear and comprehensive purpose statement and introduction is provided which delineates all required criteria. 

5 (5%) – 5 (5%)

Paragraphs and sentences follow writing standards for flow, continuity, and clarity.

A clear and comprehensive purpose statement, introduction, and conclusion is provided which delineates all required criteria.

4 (4%) – 4 (4%)

Paragraphs and sentences follow writing standards for flow, continuity, and clarity 80% of the time.

Purpose, introduction, and conclusion of the assignment is stated yet is brief and not descriptive.

3.5 (3.5%) – 3.5 (3.5%)

Paragraphs and sentences follow writing standards for flow, continuity, and clarity 60–79% of the time.