Nursing Role And Scope DQ Reply # 10. Vanessa Camano. 2025

The following answer is another student post to wish a have to reply. All your postings should be three paragraphs with three sentences. Submit your first posting to plagiarism (acceptable similarity rate 20%). Evidence-based practice Evidence-based practice (EBP) is a critical instrument for performing high-quality attention in various nursing practices. EBP allows nurses to deliver data-backed answers that include clinical expertise and the current investigation within the decision-making method connects clinical expertise, experimental evidence, and the patient-professional viewpoint to develop well-balanced health care approaches that can optimize care delivery on a patient-by-patient support. Evidence-based practice is a clinical decision-making method in which nurses use theory-derived, research-based information to notify their conclusions concerning care distribution. EBP restores methods and procedures based on different cases of evidence such as authority. It takes into account three characteristics nurses should acknowledge on all occasions: best-practice evidence, patient inclinations, and clinical expertise STEP 1: Create the interrogation STEP 2: Recognize keywords for each component What person or organization are we concerned about investigating? What is the procedure (interference, treatment) we are contemplating using? To what different procedures (intervention, treatment) are we contrasting the contemplated action? What do we expect as a result? STEP 3: Prepare your search approach Prepare a search approach by: Deciding which database(s) to explore Recognizing the principal components of your interrogation Interpreting vocabulary terms STEP 4: Perform the research Before you start your research, you will need to guarantee the Search Method is established to Boolean/Phrase. The purpose this is necessary is because this choice permits for “precise expression” searching. STEP 5: Filter your results Utilizing limiters to your research will enable you to concentrate your results on the usual relevant and appropriate content guaranteeing that you aren’t misusing time through content that may not be helpful. STEP 6: Evaluate the research STEP 7: Define the level of proof Established actions for the EBP method (request, collect, evaluate, action, and assess) to conduct healthcare providers to define the clinical issue of concern (ask), select and evaluate evidence, include the most useful application advice in current practice (action) and assess results. Implementation is a principal action in the evidence-based practice (EBP) method that’s usually underappreciated and under-resourced, ending in delays in applying evidence in clinical practice environments. The achievement of EBP actions depends on various approaches that are regulated with the degree or condition of predisposition for a practice transformation. References Melnyk, B.M, Evidence-based application in nursing and healthcare: a design to the most useful method. Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2004 Blade, R.A. Evidence-based practice and investigation utilization actions within rural nurses. J Nurse Scholarship 2004;36(3):220–5. Weng, Y., Kuo, K.N., Yang, C. et al. Implementation of evidence-based application over therapeutic, nursing, pharmacological and associated healthcare experts: a survey in nationwide hospital environments. Implementation Sci 8, 112 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1186/1748-5908-8- 112

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1000-5 2025

Develop a 3-5 page outline of concepts you would like to apply to your own life and identify relevant scholarly sources that will help you with your application of concepts. As you may have noticed as you have worked through earlier assessments, Sociology is applicable to our everyday lives. We can oftentimes take a sociological concept and use it to explain something that occurs in our own lives. For example, you have learned about norms and how we tend to follow the norms of a society. You can use that to explain how people behave when they are in an elevator. Most people face forward, look up at the numbers, and don’t talk. Many of your experiences can be analyzed using sociological concepts. For your final assessment, Assessment 6, you will complete a Sociology of Me and apply many of the concepts you have learned about in this course to your own life. For Assessment 5, begin to think about which concepts you would like to apply to your own experience, develop an outline, and identify appropriate resources. In order to complete this assessment, you will need to show your understanding of some additional concepts related to social structure, education, and technology/media. We have learned how a society’s culture can influence people. There are other elements in society, however, that also affect our decisions and behavior. Sociological research has found that in addition to culture, social structure and groups also significantly impact many of our individual choices. Our position in the social structure affects our behaviors, attitudes, and ideas. For example, an important element of social structure are groups. We belong to a variety of different groups. Decades of research have documented the impact of group conformity on the individual. Although people tend to often believe that they act as individuals and aren’t impacted by others, research has found this is usually not the case. The Milgram experiment in your Resources is a great example. Milgram (1963) examined conformity and obedience and found that people are highly influenced by authority and the demands of conformity, even to the point that we will inflict pain on another person to obey authority. Sociologists also study education and how it is impacted by a society’s culture and structure. The purpose of education is to provide knowledge (facts, skills, cultural norms) to members of a society. In the United States, education teaches us not just skills, but also how to be effective citizens. Education transmits the dominant culture, ensuring that children understand cultural norms and values. Educational attainment impacts life outcomes—it affects our occupation, earnings, work conditions, and health. Thus, education is related to social inequality. We have a tendency to assume that education is an equalizer in the United States, but this is something that is debated by sociologists. Is education equally available to everyone? Studies suggest it is not. Social class can impact the quality of school children attend, what they study, and how many years they attend school. Many students graduate from college with significant student loan debt. How might someone’s experience after college graduation be different if they graduated from college debt-free because their parents could afford to pay for it? We regularly see new products and services as a result of increasing technology. We often take the influence of technology and media for granted, but it has a substantial impact on how we understand our culture and society as a whole. Many new products and services are a response to society’s changing needs. But technology can also serve to shape the values held by a society. Think about how our interaction has changed in the past ten years as a result of technology. Has that impacted our values? A small number of corporations deliver Internet platforms and a small number of corporations produce most of our media. What impact does that have on our access to technology and information? Reference Milgram, S. (1963). Behavioral study of obedience. The Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 67 (4), 371–378. Demonstration of Proficiency By successfully completing this assessment, you will demonstrate your proficiency in the following course competencies and assessment criteria: Competency 1: Examine how theory and sociological concepts apply to everyday life. Identify sociological concepts that affects my field of study (NURSING) Competency 2: Explain the basic tools of sociological inquiry. Identify resources to support analysis from a sociological perspective. Competency 4: Analyze the influence of culture on both the individual and society. Explain the relevance of concepts to sociological topics. Competency 6: Compose text that articulates meaning relevant to its purpose and audience. Develop text using organization, structure, and transitions that demonstrate understanding of cohesion between main and subtopics. In this assessment, you will create an outline for Assessment 6, The Sociology of Me. The outline should identify concepts you will be using to analyze your own experiences and provide a brief summary of why each concept may be relevant. Your sociological analysis of yourself should be supported by credible, scholarly sources, such as those from academic journals. As such, you will also identify scholarly sources that you intend to use. Deliverable Write an essay in which you complete all of the following: Part 1: Section Outline Identify the sociological concepts you plan to discuss in each section. Briefly explain the relevance of each concept. Sections need to include: Culture and Socialization. Examine the impact culture and socialization has had on your life. Examples of concepts to include: Socialization, agents of socialization, culture, values, language, norms, subculture, counterculture, ethnocentrism, and cultural relativism. Social Structure and Groups. Analyze the impact of social structure and groups on your life. Examples of concepts to include: Social structure, hierarchy, power, bureaucracy, role, status, primary groups, secondary groups, and group think. Education. Explain your educational experience from a sociological perspective. Examples of concepts to include: Hidden curriculum, tracking, social stratification, and stereotypes. Professional field. NURSING Explain sociological issues that affect your field of study. All concepts from other sections are relevant. Technology and Media Analyze the role of technology and media in your everyday life. Examples of concepts: Media, digital divide, framing, and social change. Part 2: Identify Preliminary Supporting Resources Identify resources to support an analysis from a sociological perspective. At least one scholarly source should be identified for each section above. Provide a brief summary of each identified source. Additional Requirements Written communication: Develop text using organization, structure, and transitions that demonstrate understanding of cohesion between main and subtopics. Written communication is free of errors that detract from the overall message. Sources: Cite at least five scholarly sources. Length: 3–5 pages, not including title and reference pages. Format: Include a title page and reference page. Use in text citations to cite your sources. [Example: Writing becomes better as the child matures (Britton, Thomas, & Miller, 1996).] Font and size: Times New Roman, 12-point.

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The Impact Of Ethnicity On Antidepressant Therapy 2025

The Case # 1: The man whose antidepressants stopped working The 63 yr-old with the worst depression and anxiety he has ever felt. He is married for 33 years and with 3 children. He is a non-smoker and non-drug and alcohol abuse. He has a medical history of Atrial fibrillation and Hypercholesterolemia. He has a family history with depression that is the mother, son, and daughter. Three Questions I might ask the patient if he were in my office. What is your current problem, symptoms, and thoughts? What are your interpersonal or psychosocial stressors? Rationale: The goal is to learn more about the patient, his current problems and symptoms; a complete history of previous symptoms; a family history; a history of significant stressful life events (psychosocial stressors); information concerning lifestyle, culture, social support structure and any suicidal thoughts or tendencies the person may be experiencing. Are you comfortable if we can involve your family members or significant other in psychoeducation and treatment? Rationale: According to Gulf Bend Center (n.d.a.) one of the well-studied sociological factors that helps prevent depression is known as “social support.” Social support simply refers to whether or not people have access to and make use of a network of interpersonal relationships for supportive purposes. People receive social support from their family, friends, work, and significant others. Social support networks provide a shoulder, guidance, love, caring, entertainment, laughs, and other types of mental and physical assistance during times of need and crisis. For your recurrence depression, can we try a combination of medication and psychotherapy? Rationale: Psychotherapy has been recommended for the treatment of depression which includes cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), interpersonal psychotherapy, and problem-solving therapy. CBT is considered as the first-line and most evidence-based psychological therapy for depression. CBT works by identifying any dysfunctional thoughts and replacing them with more helpful ones, with the intent of modifying negative behaviors and emotions that perpetuate the depression (Ng, How & Ng, 2017). Physical Exams and diagnostic tests appropriate for the patient and how the result would be used. Although his vital signs are normal where we have BP normal, BMI normal and normal fasting glucose and triglycerides it is very important to do lab measurements and to screen for thyroid dysfunction and dexamethasone suppression test. According to Samuels (2018), it should be a routine clinical practice to screen patients with depression for thyroid dysfunction. Many patients with depression who are screened for thyroid dysfunction have mildly elevated thyrotropin (TSH) and normal free thyroxine (T4) levels (mild or subclinical hypothyroidism). The patient and care provider may attribute the depressive symptoms to mild thyroid disorder and initiate L-T4 therapy. Also, a complete diagnostic evaluation for depression should include tests for bacterial and viral infections, metabolic deficiencies, and autoimmune conditions. Depressive symptoms are sometimes measured with general questionnaires designed to look at several different types of mental conditions as once. The general health questionnaire (GHQ) is a screening test for identifying minor psychiatric disorders in the general population. It looks at the person’s current state and asks if that is different from the usual state. It is sensitive to short-term psychiatric disorders, but not to long-standing characteristics of the person. This self-administered questionnaire focuses on two major areas: the inability to function in daily life and the appearance of new and distressing symptoms (Gulf Bend Center, n.d.a.) Three differential diagnoses for the patient: Identify one that is most likely diagnoses. According to the criteria in the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) (n.d.a.) and using the screening tools, the diagnosis established would be Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) where the clinician needs to differentiate and identify other conditions that may have similar symptoms. This will help to provide information about a person’s anticipated course of the disorder and their prognosis (outcome). The clinician may use the following differential diagnosis to describe the current or most recent Major Depressive Disorder: Mood disorder due to another medical condition. Adjustment disorder with depressed mood. Melancholic Features The most likely diagnosis of the 63 yrs-old is MDD with melancholic features that have been described by the most severe stages of his five (5) episodes which include: An inability to enjoy anything and does not react to anything pleasurable along with a mood that is regularly worse in the morning. Early morning awakening (at least two hours before the usual time) Thinking of moving slowly. Significant loss of appetite or unplanned weight loss. Excessive or inappropriate guilt. Two pharmacologic agents and their dosing that would be appropriate for the patient’s antidepressant therapy. According to Stahl’s (2013) adults between the ages of 25 and 64 might have the best chance of getting a good response and with the best tolerability to an antidepressant. In his fourth episode, he was prescribed venlafaxine XR (Effexor XR) which worked even faster as compared with the other antidepressants and the patient did not have sexual dysfunction but discontinued after less than a year. This was a major mistake to discontinue the medication because he already had a family history and recurrent episodes of depression. Venlafaxine XR is a Norepinephrine and dopamine reuptake inhibitors (NDRIs) work in the same way as the other neurotransmitter reuptake inhibitors. NDRIs Venlafaxine frequently seems to have greater antidepressant efficacy as the dose increases theoretically due to recruiting more and more Norepinephrine transporter (NET) inhibition as the dose is raised. After the fifth episode after taking Venlafaxine XR for 15 months there was no relief of the symptoms which can be a result of the patient had become resistant and as his age progresses to 63 yrs-old also the changes in brain structure and neurotrophic factors. Due to recurrent, and recurrences of depression which possibly indicate disease progression potentially manifested as shorter and shorter periods of wellness between subsequent episodes, which has resulted to poor inter episode recovery and ultimately, treatment resistance thus the need to introduce tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) and monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) which are regarded as second-line and third-line due to their tolerability and safety profile. Tricyclic antidepressants have antagonist action at 5HT2A and 5HT2C which could contribute to their therapeutic profile. Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) are enzymes that break down serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine. By preventing these enzymes from working MAOI medications allow neurotransmitters to remain the synaptic gap longer thus giving more opportunity to activate the post-synaptic neuron’s receptor and create greater stimulation of the post-synaptic recipient neuron. Increasing serotonin, norepinephrine and dopamine levels tend to have an antidepressant effect. There is no contraindication to use as a treatment for depression due to the patient ethnicity although TCAs can cause anticholinergic effects (dry eyes, constipation, and urinary hesitancy) and be lethal if overdosed. MAOIs can lead to a hypertensive crisis if combined with tyramine-rich foods such as cheese and many medications, including common primary care drugs such as decongestants and cough syrups (Stahl’s, 2013). As a clinician, when prescribing treatment for depression patients may have to try several different medications before finding one that works well. Even within a group of similar antidepressant medications, some people do better with one than with others. The decision about when it is time to try new medications is best made when the patient, clinician and psychotherapist work together as a team. For this patient, I believe the combination of psychotherapy and medication would have been beneficial and probably he would have been able to get to a point where he could gradually decrease or discontinue the use of antidepressants. He would have learned how to maintain well-being by using skills learned in psychotherapy. However, for those individuals whose depression returns when they stop using the medication, long-term use of antidepressants may be necessary. Reference Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5)(n.d.a.). Retrieved on March 11th, 2020 from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK519712/table/ch3.t5/ Gulf Bend Center (n.d.a.). Depression: Depression & related conditions basic information. Retrieved on March 11th, 2020 from https://www.gulfbend.org/poc/center_index.php?cn=5 Ng, C. W. M., How, C. H., & Ng, Y. P. (2017). Managing depression in primary care. Singapore Med J. 58(8), 459-466,doi.org/10.11622%2Fsmedj.2017080 Samuels, M. H. (2018). Subclinical hypothyroidism and depression: Is there a link? The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism . 103(5), 2061-2064, doi.org/10.1210/jc.2018-00276 Stahl, S. M. (2013). Stahl’s essential psychopharmacology: Neuroscientific basis and practical application, (4th ed.). Cambridge University Press. I need a response from this assignment. 1 page zero plagiarism 2 references

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The Impact Of Ethnicity On Antidepressant Therapy 2025

: The man whose antidepressants stopped working Major depressive disorder is one of the most prevalent disorders we will see in our clinical practice. Treatment options for MDD can vary greatly contingent on the appropriate psychopharmacologic interventions being adopted for our clients. Medication nonadherence for patients with chronic diseases is extremely common, affecting as many as 40% to 50% of patients who are prescribed medications for management of chronic conditions (Kleinsinger, 2018). Nonadherence isn’t a new problem. However, offering clients valuable interventions and education to overcome any potential compliance barriers will help the provider identify any challenges and decide how to achieve mutually agreed-upon goals to improve their health. Questions 1. Do you ever feel that taking your medications is a nuisance or inconvenience? Do you have a difficult time remembering to take your medications or forget? •&νβσπ;&νβσπ;&νβσπ;&νβσπ;&νβσπ;&νβσπ;Developing a medication schedule, It is difficult to come up with a schedule to take medications every day for some patients. Collaboratively we need to come up with a convenient time to take the antidepressant and the other prescribed medication for them to be effective. 2. Does your prescribed medications and treatment regimen still leave you feeling depressed? Do you have a difficult time adhering to a prescribed regimen? •&νβσπ;&νβσπ;&νβσπ;&νβσπ;&νβσπ;&νβσπ;The patient discontinued his Effexor although it appeared to be effective. It is essential to find out the patient’s reason for not following the prescribed regimen and come up with a solution together. •&νβσπ;&νβσπ;&νβσπ;&νβσπ;&νβσπ;&νβσπ;It is crucial for the patient to take his antidepressants accordingly, as well as not skip or alter the dosage, nor terminate the medication once you start feeling better. 3. Have the side effects of your medications been difficult to cope with or manage? Do you sometimes stop taking your medications because of the adverse effects? Sertraline has been prescribed in the past and discontinued several times. The patient experienced side effects of sexual dysfunction and stopped taking. Encourage the patient to monitor any side effects, physical and emotional changes or occurrences. Stopping medications and treatment regimens prematurely or abruptly have been associated with high relapse rates and can cause serious withdrawal symptoms (Henssler, Heinz, Brandt, & Bschor, 2019). Important People Family members and other caregivers bring personal knowledge on the suitability or lack thereof regarding different treatments for the patient’s circumstances and preferences (Smith, 2013). The patient is married, so I would address additional questions to his wife. After getting permission to discuss his medical records with his family members, I would ask the wife if she knew what medications her husband was taking? If she knew why he was taking them? Informed and engaged patients, invested in their own health care as well as in the improvement of the broader health care system, are crucial to a learning system (Smith, 2013). Family support is essential for patients suffering from depression where patients are feeling less motivated or forgetful when taking medications. Asking family members if the patient has been experiencing any side effects or illnesses since starting the medication emphasizes self-centered care and mutually agreed-upon goals (Siminoff, 2013). Physical Exams and Diagnostic Tests CC: worst depression and anxiety he has ever felt HPI: 63-year-old male presents to the clinic stating his antidepressants have stopped working. The patient has a 13-year history of recurrent unipolar major depressive episodes. His first 4 episodes were readily treated to full remission and he discontinued treatment each time several months to a year after remitting. His subsequent episodes came in an ever-escalating pattern, with less and less time between them. By the time of his fifth episode, he had become treatment-resistant and took two years to get better. Current Medications: 1 year following first depressive episode: antiarrhythmic, a statin for cholesterol, antihypertensive, aspirin, transdermal Selegilene 6 mg/24hrs after failing multiple SSRI and SNRI treatments plus multiple augmentation strategies. PMHx : Atrial fibrillation age 42, resolved with medication, hypercholesterolemia, HTN Soc Hx : Married 33 years, 3 children, nonsmoker, denies illicit drug or alcohol abuse. Fam Hx : Mother: depression and alcohol abuse; Maternal uncle: alcohol abuse; Son: depression; Daughters: one with mild depression, one with postpartum depression. ROS : The purpose of the physical examination is to exclude any physical causes for the patient’s current mental health issues. A mental health assessment often includes this evaluation as the PMHNP reviews the patient’s past medical history and current medications, as well as mental disorders within the family. While asking the patient about any mental health symptoms, it is crucial for the provider to pay attention to their appearance, mood, and speech pattern as it can yield any clues to explaining the symptoms. Most patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) present with a normal appearance. Some would describe it as “smiling depression” where the patient appears happy to others while smiling through the pain, keeping their inner turmoil hidden (Coward, 2016). This type of MDD results from atypical symptoms and many don’t realize they are depressed, nor seek help. People with smiling depression are often partnered or married, employed and are quite accomplished and educated. Their public, professional and social lives are not struggling (Coward, 2016). Patients with more severe depressive symptoms often have poor hygiene or grooming and changes in weight. Patients may experience both psychomotor impairment and agitation. Impairments can cause issues with muscle function and speech, flat affect and emotions. Speech patterns may be normal, monotone, or slow lacking content. Racing thoughts and pressured speech patterns often suggest anxiety or mania (Dailey & Saadabadi, 2020). Diagnostic Test: There are several diagnostic tools that can be used to screen for depression. The Patient Health Questionaire-2 is a screening tool for the diagnosis of major depression in the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5). The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) is a 21-item questionnaire that was first developed in 1961 that cover affective, cognitive and somatic aspects of major depression. The Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) is a 30-item depression questionnaire specifically designed for use in older adults to assess the affective and cognitive aspects of major depression (Ng, How & Ng, 2016). Laboratory studies such as a CBC blood or urine tests may be ordered. For example, anemia or B-12 deficiency can cause fatigue, lack of energy and depression. Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) is often ordered when screening for depression. Hypothyroidism is commonly found in depressed individuals. Electrolytes, including calcium, phosphate, and magnesium levels should be evaluated. Supplementation with magnesium has been shown to decrease symptoms of depression in patients with mild to moderate depression (Tarleton, Kennedy, Rose, Crocker & Littenberg, 2019). If a nervous system problem is suspected, a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), an electroencephalogram (EEG) or a computed tomography (CT) scan may also be ordered. Differential diagnosis Hypothyroidism: is often associated with altered cognitive function and depression. A 2018 study found that about 45% of people with depressive disorders and 30% of those with anxiety also have autoimmune thyroiditis (Siegmann et al., 2018). Bipolar Disorder Generalized Anxiety Disorder Pharmacological agents and dosing This patient had several recurrent unipolar depressive episodes. By the time of his fifth episode, he had become treatment-resistant and took two years to get better. Adding Seroquel to his treatment regimen could have prevented a fourth or fifth episode. Seroquel works by blocking dopamine 2 receptors, reducing positive symptoms of psychosis and stabilizing affective symptoms (Stahl, 2014b). Psychotic and manic symptoms can improve within 1 week, but it is recommended that the patient wait 4-6 weeks to determine the drug’s efficiency. Many bipolar patients may experience a reduction of symptoms by half or more, unfortunately, this patient experienced excess daytime sleepiness. If Seroquel is ineffective in treating the patient, I would consider adding olanzapine. Olanzapine works by blocking dopamine 2 receptors, reducing positive symptoms of psychosis and stabilizing affective symptoms (Stahl, 2014b). The initial dose of olanzapine is 5–10 mg once daily orally; increase by 5 mg/day once a week until desired efficacy is reached; the maximum approved dose is 20 mg/day. Contraindications There are no specific contraindications related to the patient’s ethnicity when prescribing Seroquel or Olanzapine. However, I would use caution with both medications in cardiac patients because it can cause orthostatic hypotension and this patient is already taking antihypertensive medication. A lower dosage may be sufficient when treating manic/mixed episodes (Stahl, 2014b). Check points When adding any new medications, it is recommended that the patient follow up within 4-6 weeks after starting the prescribed regimen. The patient will need to be monitored for any improvements in his symptoms, as well as any adverse reactions or side effects he may experience. Obtaining baseline and checkpoints at follow-up appointments for weight/BMI, fasting triglycerides, blood pressure, and fasting serum glucose with Seroquel. Quetiapine may increase the risk of diabetes and dyslipidemia, weight gain, dizziness, and sedation (Stahl, 2014b). Olanzapine is approved for long-term maintenance of the bipolar disorder. Zyprexa should be used with caution in patients with conditions that predispose to hypotension and it may increase the effect of antihypertensive agents (Stahl, 2014b). Lessons learned The National Institute of Mental Health estimates that approximately 15.7 million adults in the United States have depression (NIMH, 2014), making depression one of the most common disorders you will treat in practice. Improving adherence requires an active process of behavioral change, which is nearly always a challenge. It requires education, motivation, tools, support, monitoring, and evaluation. Many factors can potentially contribute to a drug’s efficiency. The prevalence of depression is increasing, representing an important public health problem (Tarleton et al., 2019). The treatment method that ultimately leads to an acceptable level of improvement in depressive symptoms for any individual is unpredictable. Combining antidepressant medication with therapy and self-help measures can often be more effective than taking medication alone. Finding the right treatment options may take time. References Coward, L. (2016). NAMI. Retrieved from https://www.nami.org/Blogs/NAMI- Blog/September-2016/What-You-Need-to-Know-About-Smiling-Depression” Dailey & Saadabadi. [Updated 2020 Jan 14]. Mania. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2020 Jan-. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK493168/ Henssler, J., Heinz, A., Brandt, L., & Bschor, T. (2019). Antidepressant Withdrawal and Rebound Phenomena. Deutsches Arzteblatt international , 116 (20), 355–361. https://doi.org/10.3238/arztebl.2019.0355 Kleinsinger F. (2018). The Unmet Challenge of Medication Nonadherence. The Permanente journal , 22 , 18–033. https://doi.org/10.7812/TPP/18-033 Ng, C. W., How, C. H., & Ng, Y. P. (2016). Major depression in primary care: making the diagnosis. Singapore medical journal , 57 (11), 591–597. https://doi.org/10.11622/smedj.2016174 Siegmann E, Müller HHO, Luecke C, Philipsen A, Kornhuber J, Grömer TW. (2018). Association of Depression and Anxiety Disorders With Autoimmune Thyroiditis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. JAMA Psychiatry. 2018;75(6):577–584. doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2018.0190 Siminoff L. A. (2013). Incorporating patient and family preferences into evidence-based medicine. BMC medical informatics and decision making, 13 Suppl 3(Suppl 3), S6. https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6947-13-S3-S6 Smith, M. D. (2013). Best care at lower cost: the path to continuously learning health care in America . Washington, D.C.: National Academies Press. Stahl, S. M. (2013). Stahl’s essential psychopharmacology: Neuroscientific basis and practical applications (4th ed.). New York, NY: Cambridge University Press. Stahl, S. M. (2014b). The prescriber’s guide (5th ed.). New York, NY: Cambridge University Press. Tarleton, E. K., Kennedy, A. G., Rose, G. L., Crocker, A., & Littenberg, B. (2019). The Association between Serum Magnesium Levels and Depression in an Adult Primary Care Population. Nutrients , 11 (7), 1475. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11071475 I NEED A RESPONSE FROM THIS ASSIGNMENT, 1 PAGE 2 REFERENCES – ZERO PLAGIARISM

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