What are social determinants of health? Explain how social determinants of health contribute to the development of disease. 2025

2 DQ 1 Social determinants of health include biological, environmental, social, and economic factors that influence the access and maintenance of health (Green, 2018). For example, those living in low socioeconomic areas may not have the resources to obtain fresh food and will oftentimes rely on fast food chains. According to a study posted by the American Journal of Preventive Medicine (2004), low-income areas had 2.5 times more fast-food chains than those living in more affluent areas. As a result of this many minorities living in low-income areas have a great risk of obesity and comorbidities such as type II diabetes and hypertension. While the study done by the American Journal of Preventive Medicine was more than five years ago the results of their study continue to be prevalent as the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (2018) states children and adolescents are more likely to be obese than their higher-income counterparts. This is an example of how social determinants of health contribute to the development of disease. The child who has grown up with a poor diet is less likely to change their diet habits as adults resulting in fatal health conditions. Social determinants also contribute to the spread of communicable diseases due to crowding, sanitization, uncontaminated water, and access to health care (Green,2018). The infectious disease process of communicable diseases is represented by the chain model also known as the chain of infection. The chain of infection begins with the infectious organism and describes how the organism reproduces and spreads through contact, droplets, or surfaces. As the nurse taking care of an individual with a communicable disease the simplest and most effective form of breaking the chain is by proper handwashing. The nurse can also contribute to the stop of the chain by wiping down surfaces with the proper cleaning agents, placing the appropriate PPE outside of the patient’s room, and clustering care to avoid excessive time inside of the patient’s room. All of these interventions contribute to the stop of the transmission phase of the chain model. Using 200-300 words APA format with references to support the discussion. What are social determinants of health? Explain how social determinants of health contribute to the development of disease. Describe the fundamental idea that the communicable disease chain model is designed to represent. Give an example of the steps a nurse can take to break the link within the communicable disease chain.

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Legislation Comparison Grid and Testimony/Advocacy Statement 2025

To Prepare: Select a bill that has been proposed (not one that has been enacted) using the congressional websites provided in the Learning Resources. The Assignment: (1- to 2-page Comparison Grid; 1- to 2-page Legislation Testimony/Advocacy Statement) Part 1: Legislation Comparison Grid Based on the health-related bill (proposed, not enacted) you selected, complete the Legislation Comparison Grid Template. Be sure to address the following: Determine the legislative intent of the bill you have reviewed. Identify the proponents/opponents of the bill. Identify the target populations addressed by the bill. Where in the process is the bill currently? Is it in hearings or committees? Is it receiving press coverage? Part 2: Legislation Testimony/Advocacy Statement Based on the health-related bill you selected, develop a 1- to 2-page Legislation Testimony/Advocacy Statement that addresses the following: Advocate a position for the bill you selected and write testimony in support of your position. Describe how you would address the opponent to your position. Be specific and provide examples. Recommend at least one amendment to the bill in support of your position.

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Dashboard Benchmark Evaluation 2025

Review the performance dashboard for a health care organization, as well as relevant local, state, and federal laws and policies. Then, write a report for senior leaders in the organization that communicates your analysis and evaluation of the current state of organizational performance, including a recommended metric to target for improvement. Maintaining standards and promoting quality in modern health care are crucial, not only for the care of patients, but also for the continuing success and financial viability of health care organizations. In the era of health care reform, health care leaders must understand what quality care entails and how quality in health care connects to the standards set by relevant federal, state, and local laws and policies. An understanding of relevant benchmarks that result from these laws and policies, and how they relate to quality care and regulatory standards, is also vitally important. · Health care is a dynamic, complex, and heavily regulated industry. For this reason, you will be expected to constantly scan the external environment for emerging laws, new regulations, and changing industry standards. You may discover that as new policies are enacted into law, ambiguity in interpretation of various facets of the law may occur. Sometimes, new laws conflict with preexisting laws and regulations, or unexpected implementation issues arise, which may warrant further clarification from lawmakers. Adding partisan politics and social media to the mix can further complicate understanding of the process and buy-in from stakeholders. How many health care laws can you name that affect your practice in your current or future workplace? How do they impact your daily work? How many regulatory agencies oversee the types of services your health care organization provides? Which regulatory agencies apply to your workplace setting? Are you familiar with the process of complying with those agencies in order to maintain certification? You might be overwhelmed as you consider these broad questions. · As you prepare to complete this assessment, you may want to think about other related issues to deepen your understanding or broaden your viewpoint. You are encouraged to consider the questions below and discuss them with a fellow learner, a work associate, an interested friend or family member, or a member of your professional community. Note that these questions are for your own development and exploration and do not need to be completed or submitted as part of your assessment. What local, state, or federal health care policies or laws set benchmarks and standards reflected in performance dashboards common in your professional area of practice? · What are the potential challenges or opportunities for health care organizations or interprofessional teams in meeting prescribed performance benchmarks and standards? Factors you might consider include the organization’s mission, its size and resources, operational policies and procedures, and the population the organization serves. · Preparation For this assessment, you may choose one of the following three options for a performance dashboard to use as the basis for your benchmark evaluation. Option 1: Dashboard and Health Care Benchmark Evaluation Simulation If you decide to use one of the simulation dashboards for your evaluation, review both dashboards, as well as the relevant local, state, and federal laws and policies linked in each dashboard. Choose one of the dashboards and consider the metrics within it that are falling short of the prescribed benchmarks. Option 2: Actual Dashboard From a Professional Practice Setting If you choose an actual dashboard from a professional practice setting for your evaluation, be sure to add a brief description of the organization and setting that includes: · The size of the facility that the dashboard is reporting on. · The specific type of care delivery. · The population diversity and ethnicity demographics. · The socioeconomic level of the population served by the organization. Note: Ensure that your data is Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) compliant. Do not use any easily identifiable organization or patient information. Option 3: Hypothetical Dashboard Based on a Professional Practice Setting If you have a sophisticated understanding of dashboards that are relevant to your own practice, you may also construct a hypothetical dashboard for your evaluation, based on that setting. Your hypothetical dashboard must present at least four different metrics, at least two of which must be under-performing the relevant benchmark set forth by a federal, state, or local laws or policies. In addition, be sure to add a brief description of the organization and setting that includes: · The size of the facility that the dashboard is reporting on. · The specific type of care delivery. · The population diversity and ethnicity demographics. · The socioeconomic level of the population served by the organization. Note: Ensure that your data is HIPAA compliant. Do not use any easily identifiable organization or patient information. Report Requirements Structure your report in such a way that it would be easy for a colleague or supervisor to locate the information they need. Be sure to cite relevant local, state, or federal health care laws or policies when evaluating metric performance against prescribed benchmarks. Cite an additional 2–4 credible sources to support your analysis and evaluation of the challenges in meeting the benchmarks, the potential for performance improvement, and your advocacy for ethical action. Note: The tasks outlined below correspond to grading criteria in the scoring guide. In your report, be sure to: · Evaluate dashboard metrics against the benchmarks set by local, state, or federal health care laws or policies. 9. Which metrics are below the mandated benchmarks in the organization? Evaluate weaknesses within the entire set of benchmarks. 9. What are the local, state, or federal health care laws or policies that set these benchmarks? . Analyze challenges that meeting prescribed benchmarks can pose for the organization or for an interprofessional team. 10. What are the specific challenges or opportunities that the organization or interprofessional team might have in meeting the benchmarks? For example, consider: 1. The strategic direction of the organization. 1. The organization’s mission. 1. Available resources: 3. Staffing. 3. Operational and capital funding. 3. Physical space. 3. Support services (any ancillary department that supports a specific care unit in the organization, such as a pharmacy, cleaning services, and dietary services). 1. Cultural diversity in the organization. 1. Cultural diversity in the community. 1. Organizational processes and procedures. 10. How might these challenges be contributing to benchmark underperformance? . Evaluate a benchmark underperformance in the organization or interprofessional team that has the potential for greatly improving overall quality or performance. 11. Which metric is underperforming its benchmark by the greatest degree? 11. Which benchmark underperformance is the most widespread throughout the organization or interprofessional team? 11. Which benchmark affects the greatest number of patients? 11. Which benchmark affects the greatest number of staff? 11. How does this underperformance affect the community the organization serves? 11. Where is the greatest opportunity for improvement in the overall quality or performance of the organization or interpersonal team—and ultimately in patient outcomes? . Advocate for ethical action in addressing the benchmark underperformance that has the potential for greatly improving overall quality or performance. 12. At which group of stakeholders should your advocacy be directed? Which group could be expected to take the appropriate action to improve the benchmark metric? 12. What are some ethical actions that the stakeholder group could take that support improved benchmark performance? 12. Why should the stakeholder group take action? . Communicate your findings and recommendations in a professional and effective manner. 13. Ensure that your report is well organized and easy to read. 13. Write clearly and logically, using correct grammar, punctuation, and mechanics. . Integrate relevant sources to support your arguments, correctly formatting source citations and references using current APA style. 14. Did you cite relevant local, state, or federal health care laws or policies when discussing the mandated benchmarks? 14. Did you cite an additional 2–4 credible sources to support your analysis, evaluation, and advocacy?

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The Inclusion of Nurses in the Systems Development Life Cycle 2025

In the media introduction to this module, it was suggested that you as a nurse have an important role in the Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC). With a focus on patient care and outcomes, nurses may not always see themselves as contributors to the development of new systems. However, as you may have observed in your own experience, exclusion of nurse contributions when implementing systems can have dire consequences. In this Discussion, you will consider the role you might play in systems development and the ramifications of not being an active participant in systems development. To Prepare: Review the steps of the Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC) as presented in the Resources. Reflect on your own healthcare organization and consider any steps your healthcare organization goes through when purchasing and implementing a new health information technology system. Consider what a nurse might contribute to decisions made at each stage of the SDLC when planning for new health information technology. By Day 3 of Week 9 Post a description of what you believe to be the consequences of a healthcare organization not involving nurses in each stage of the SDLC when purchasing and implementing a new health information technology system. Provide specific examples of potential issues at each stage of the SDLC and explain how the inclusion of nurses may help address these issues. Then, explain whether you had any input in the selection and planning of new health information technology systems in your nursing practice or healthcare organization and explain the potential impacts of being included or not in the decision-making process. Be specific and provide examples. By Day 6 of Week 9 Respond to at least two of your colleagues * on two different days , by offering additional thoughts regarding the examples shared, SDLC-related issues, and ideas on how the inclusion of nurses might have impacted the example described by your colleagues. Discussion one that needs a response in APA 7 format and at least 2-3 references.( Micheal ) The health care industry has met with numerous changes over the years; some of the changes lay emphasis on either the patient, the organization or its employees. Of the numerous changes any given health care institution experiences, the goal of patient safety and patient satisfaction preempts the motive for necessary changes to better serve our patient population while also bearing in mind the effectiveness of the interventions that the organization is implementing. For an institution saddled with the responsibility of rendering health care services to members of its community, it is often faced with the need for constant system development of their life cycle to enhance the efficiency of the services provided while also taking patient safety into consideration. “The first step in developing a system is to understand the problems or business needs. It is followed by understanding the solution or how to address those needs; developing a plan; implementing the plan; evaluating the implementation and finally maintenance” (McGonigle, 2017, p175) System development life cycle presents as the precursor to the innovations that trigger the much needed difference in terms of efficiency or safety, such changes sometimes suffer the brunt when nurses are excluded in the preliminary phases of planning leading up to its implementation. The consequence of not having nurses weigh in on the intended innovation includes but is not limited to having a poorly designed project since the design and planning was done without the end users input, the project may become obsolete months after its implementation for failing to meet the needs of the nurses with regards to efficiency in patient care and safety considerations. According to a Laureate video presentation by Stuart Speedie, “the goal of health care informatics and technology should be its interoperability.” (Laureate Education Producer, 2018) In a different light, if the nurses were included as prospective end users of this innovation, ideas generated from the conversation about the intended innovation will be viewed from many perspectives which will in turn make for a better design knowing what the end user desires for the innovation to be mutually beneficial to the institution and the patient population alike. At the institution that I work, the latest innovation was the inclusion of an automated Alaris infusion pump that synchronizes information across the electronic health record platform and the medication pyxis, the nurses did not have any input on the planning or design of this new innovation. The impact of not being included or consulted prior to designing and implementing this design were as follows; some medications were not compatible with the pump interface and will not accept manual entry this problem in its self constituted a missed medication for the patient hence delaying patient care, the network interface on the electronic health record platform was a bit confusing and needed more than just a day of orientation to say the least, over all the system launch was chaotic and stressful leading to loss of considerable man hours trying to figure things out on the go with little to no assistance especially for nurses working on the night shift. According to a Laureate video presentation by Kevin Johnson, “He highlights the need to acknowledge that the cycle is ongoing and never done even after its implementation.” (Laureate Education Producer, 2018) References Laureate Education (Producer). (2018). Interoperability, Standards, and Security [Video file]. Baltimore, MD: Author. Laureate Education (Producer). (2018). Managing Health Information Technology [Video file]. Baltimore, MD: Author. McGonigle, D., & Mastrian, K. G. (2017). Nursing informatics and the foundation of knowledge (4th ed.). Burlington, MA: Jones & Bartlett Learn Discussion one that needs a response in APA 7 format and at least 2-3 references.( Monica) Discussion Week 9 Initial Post Nursing is the largest healthcare profession in the world. According to the American Association of Colleges of Nursing (2020), there is an estimated 3.8 million registered nurses (RN) nationally and 84.5% of those nurses are employed in the healthcare setting. Nurses are so vital to healthcare organizations because they are hands on with rendering care to patients and oversee the overall care that the patient receives. Nurses serve as patient advocates and are involved on every aspect of the patient’s care. They are the integral party with the responsibility to make sure that other healthcare professionals are doing their part to ensure that patients are receiving the safest and best quality of care. High in numbers and with such an intricate role in healthcare, nurses are the heartbeat of the hospitals, therefore it would behoove healthcare organizations to involve nurses in every aspect of care including the Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC).SDLC is a process of addressing an identified need and putting a plan/system into operation. Phases of the SDLC include planning, analysis, design, implementation, and maintenance (Laureate, 2018). Nurses can contribute greatly to the process of selecting and implementing new health systems because they are hands on and see first-hand the needs of the patients and healthcare systems. If healthcare administrations fail to include nurses during the SDLC process of purchasing and implementing new information technology system, consequences could be failure to identify pertinent issues (Cleveland, 2019). The planning, analysis, design, implementation, and maintenance phases would not persist because nurses are the primary bodies that are hands-on and they are on the frontlines to witness how the whole process plays out. Nurses play a role that is essential to the success of the system. During the planning process, nurses contribute by identifying needs. They collaborate with multidisciplinary teams to formulate a plan to prosecute. During the analysis and design phases, nursing informaticists play a huge role by assuring that the plan is suitable and of evidence based practices. After the best practices are identified, nurses then, implement by using the system. Over time, evaluation and maintenance is done by the nursing staff. This cycle of evaluation is ongoing with the goal of the system to become more efficient with each evaluation. About 6 years ago, I was involved in the maintenance and evaluation phase of an information technology tool (Patient Touch) that was launched 2 years prior on the medical surgical floor. The Patient Touch, similar to an iPhone, allows healthcare workers to chart all care and nurses to scan and record medication administration, It is a hand-held scanner that has many protective measures built in, and it allows workers of all entities to pull up useful information in a matter of seconds. It heavily supports evidence-based practice and has produced positive outcomes with patient care. To keep the momentum going, nursing informaticians made rounds monthly to see how using the Patient Touch was going and they asked for feedback on how to improve the tool. I mentioned to them an issue I had with it, while charting the nursing assessment using Patient Touch, there were a lot of assessment pieces that did not apply to medical surgical patients which prolonged time. There were a lot of assessments that ICU utilized, and I asked if there was anyway to eliminate the issue. A couple of months later, the informaticians implemented a division of the units and whatever unit selected, the nursing daily assessment was customized for each unit. This change eliminated a lot of unnecessary assessments that did not apply to medical surgical floor. It made a huge difference with charting and really improve our nurses time management. “Nurses play an active and vital role in electronic healthcare information system acquisition and upgrading project along- side their health informatics and IT colleagues (McLean, Frisch, &Roudsari, 2020). Nurses being involved with the SDLC process is necessary because they are the ones using the systems the most. Without the nurses’ input and expertise, healthcare administrations will miss the mark and the success rate of the tool would be minimized. References AACN. (2020). AACN fact sheet – Nursing . The American Association of Colleges of Nursing (AACN). https://www.aacnnursing.org/News-Information/fact-sheets/Nursing-Fact-Sheet Cleveland, K. A., Motter, T., & Smith, Y. (2019, May 31). Affordable care: Harnessing the power of nurses . OJIN: The Online Journal of Issues in Nursing. https://ojin.nursingworld.org/MainMenuCategories/ANAMarketplace/ANAPeriodicals/OJIN/TableofContents/Vol-24-2019/No2-May-2019/Affordable-Care.html?css=print Laureate Education (Producer). (2018). Systems implementation [Video file]. Baltimore, MD: Author. Mclean, A., Frisch, N., & Roudsari, A. (2020, September 21). Nursing’s voice in healthcare IT acquisition decisions . Canadian Journal of Nursing Informatics. https://cjni.net/journal/?p=4248#:~:text=%20Nursing%E2%80%99s%20Voice%20in%20Healthcare%20IT%20Acquisition%20Decisions,senior%20nurse%20executives%20and%20leaders%20develop…%20More%20

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Implementation of the IOM Future of Nursing Report 2025

In a formal paper of 1,000-1,250 words you will discuss the work of the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Committee Initiative on the Future of Nursing and the Institute of Medicine research that led to the IOM report, “Future of Nursing: Leading Change, Advancing Health.” Identify the importance of the IOM “Future of Nursing” report related to nursing practice, nursing education and nursing workforce development. What is the role of state-based action coalitions and how do they advance goals of the Future of Nursing: Campaign for Action? Explore the Campaign for Action webpage (you may need to research your state’s website independently if it is not active on this site): http://campaignforaction.org/states Review your state’s progress report by locating your state and clicking on one of the six progress icons for: education, leadership, practice, interpersonal collaboration, diversity, and data. You can also download a full progress report for your state by clicking on the box located at the bottom of the webpage. In a paper of 1,000-1,250 words: Discuss the work of the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Committee Initiative on the Future of Nursing and the Institute of Medicine research that led to the IOM report, “Future of Nursing: Leading Change, Advancing Health.” Identify the importance of the IOM “Future of Nursing” report related to nursing practice, nursing education and nursing workforce development. What is the role of state-based action coalitions and how do they advance goals of the Future of Nursing: Campaign for Action? Summarize two initiatives spearheaded by your state’s action coalition. In what ways do these initiatives advance the nursing profession? What barriers to advancement currently exist in your state? How can nursing advocates in your state overcome these barriers? A minimum of three scholarly references are required for this assignment. Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required. This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion. MY STATE IS PENNSYLVANIA

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