NR451-13805 Week 6 Assignment: Evidence-Based Practice Change Process 2025

Purpose The purpose of this assignment is: To apply a change process using the ACE Star Model of Knowledge Transformation and a systematic review after identifying a clinical topic of concern and related nursing practice issue. The information from the ‘Illustration’ part of our lessons in Weeks 1-6 will mentor you through this process. Your change process is to be set up as a pilot project. Course Outcomes This assignment enables the student to meet the following course outcomes: CO2: Proposes leadership and collaboration strategies for use with consumers and other healthcare providers in managing care and/or delegating responsibilities for health promotion, illness prevention, health restoration and maintenance, and rehabilitative activities. (PO#2) CO8: Selects evidence for best practices when planning professional nursing care involving systems, processes, and devices for individuals, families, aggregates and communities. (PO#8) Directions Please do not use any of the Nurse Daniel information for your own topic, nursing intervention, or change project. Nurse Daniel serves as an example only to illustrate the change process. Please review the infographic as way to guide you in getting started with your assignment: Developing an Assignment with Integrity (Links to an external site.) View a short tutorial with tips for completing this assignment: Evidence-Based Practice Change Process Assignment Tutorial (Links to an external site.) or by reading the transcript (Links to an external site.) . Download the EBP Change Process form (Links to an external site.) during Week 1. The use of this specific form is REQUIRED Identify a clinical topic and related nursing practice issue you think needs to be changed. Locate a systematic review on your topic from the CCN Library databases. Be sure this involves nursing actions. Work through each step of the ACE Star Model as outlined on the assignment form (Star Points 1-5: Discovery, Summary, Translation, Implementation, and Evaluation). Respond to the instructions provided on the form. Follow the activities and thinking of Nurse Daniel in Weeks 1-6 in the ‘Illustration’ part of each lesson. He will be working through a clinical topic and nursing practice issue to demonstrate a change (ACE Star Model and systematic review). Work on a portion of the process each week, as the illustration unfolds. Best Practices Please reach out to your instructor for feedback or assistance with your PICOT question as needed. Required and Additional Background Reading in Weeks 1 and 2 under Readings is available for more information on the ACE Star Model and the use of systematic reviews. Please see the grading criteria and rubrics on this page. Please use your browser’s File setting to save or print this page. Scholarly Sources and Citations Please cite any references (in APA format) of your systematic review or other scholarly document (optional) as needed. Paraphrasing information, rather than quoting, is expected. No quotes for this assignment please! **Academic Integrity** Chamberlain College of Nursing values honesty and integrity. All students should be aware of the Academic Integrity policy and follow it in all discussions and assignments. By submitting this assignment, I pledge on my honor that all content contained is my own original work except as quoted and cited appropriately. I have not received any unauthorized assistance on this assignment. Rubric Week 6: EBP Change Process Assignment Grading Rubric Week 6: EBP Change Process Assignment Grading RubricCriteriaRatingsPts. This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeSelected Systematic ReviewA systematic review from the CCN Library databases was selected, identified, and was appropriate for the selected nursing change process. 25.0 pts One systematic review from the CCN Library databases was identified and was clearly appropriate.22.0 pts A systematic review was selected from the CCN Library databases and was mostly appropriate for a nursing change process.20.0 ptsA systematic review was selected from the CCN Library databases and was fairly appropriate for a nursing change process.10.0 ptsA systematic review was selected, but not from the CCN Library databases and/or was not appropriate for this assignment.0.0 ptsNo systematic review selected or used. 25.0 pts This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeStar Point 1 (Discovery)The topic, nursing practice issue, rationale and scope of the problem were clearly identified and described. 25.0 ptsStar Point 1 elements in the first column were thoroughly addressed.22.0 ptsStar Point 1 elements in the first column were mostly well addressed.20.0 ptsStar Point 1 was missing one element in the first column or one lacked detail.10.0 ptsStar Point 1 was missing more than one element in the first column and others lacked detail.0.0 ptsThe ACE Star Model Star Point 1 was not completed. 25.0 pts This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeStar Point 2 (Summary)The NURSING practice problem, NURSING related PICOT question, a systematic review from any database in the Chamberlain Library, and other optional references, evidence summary, strength, and solutions, are listed and described. 35.0 ptsStar Point 2 elements in the first column were thoroughly addressed.31.0 ptsStar Point 2 elements in the first column were mostly well addressed.28.0 ptsStar Point 2 was missing one element in the first column or one lacked detail.13.0 ptsStar Point 2 was missing more than one element in the first column and others lacked detail. or were inappropriate.0.0 ptsThe ACE Star Model Star Point 2 was not completed. 35.0 pts This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeStar Point 3 (Translation)Care standards, practice guidelines, or protocols; stakeholders and their roles and responsibilities; the nursing role; rationale for including certain stakeholders, and cost analysis plan are addressed. 35.0 ptsStar Point 3 elements in the first column were thoroughly addressed.31.0 ptsStar Point 3 elements in the first column were mostly well addressed.28.0 ptsStar Point 3. was missing one element in the first column or one lacked detail.13.0 ptsStar Point 3 was missing more than one element in the first column and others lacked detail.0.0 ptsThe ACE Star Model Star Point 3 was not completed. 35.0 pts This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeStar Point 4 (Implementation)Permission process, education plan, timeline, measurable outcomes, forms, resources, and stakeholder meetings, are addressed. 35.0 ptsStar Point 4 elements in the first column were thoroughly addressed.31.0 ptsStar Point 4 elements in the first column were mostly well addressed28.0 ptsStar Point 4 was missing one element in the first column or one lacked detail.13.0 ptsStar Point 4 was missing more than one element in the first column and others lacked detail.0.0 ptsThe ACE Star Model Star Point 4 was not completed. 35.0 pts This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeStar Point 5 (Evaluation)Reporting results, process and next steps are addressed. 35.0 ptsStar Point 5 elements in the first column were thoroughly addressed.31.0 ptsStar Point 5 elements in the first column were mostly well addressed28.0 ptsStar Point 5 was missing one element in the first column or one lacked detail.13.0 ptsStar Point 5 was missing more than one element in the first column and others lacked detail.0.0 ptsThe ACE Star Model Star Point 5 was not completed. 35.0 pts This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomePresentationInformation was presented clearly and thoughts were well organized and logical. 20.0 ptsInformation was presented clearly and thoughts were well organized and logical throughout.18.0 ptsInformation was presented clearly and thoughts were mainly organized and logical throughout.16.0 ptsInformation was presented clearly and thoughts were somewhat organized and logical throughout.8.0 ptsInformation was not consistently clear and/or was not consistently organized and logical.0.0 ptsInformation was disorganized and difficult to understand. 20.0 pts This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeMechanics/APAThe systematic review and any other scholarly resources were properly listed in APA format. The writing includes error free grammar and spelling, and complete sentence structure. 15.0 ptsExcellent mechanics and APA formatting with minimal errors in grammar, spelling, and sentence structure.13.0 ptsGood mechanics and formatting considering the elements listed in the first column12.0 ptsFair mechanics and formatting considering the elements listed in the first column6.0 ptsPoor mechanics and formatting considering the elements listed in the first column0.0 ptsVery poor mechanics and formatting such that information is difficult to read. 15.0 pts This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeAssignment Form Used 0.0 pts0 points deductedCorrect assignment form used0.0 pts22.5 points (10%) deductedIncorrect form used resulting in point deduction 0.0 pts This criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeLate Deduction 0.0 pts0 points deductedSubmitted on time0.0 ptsNot submitted on time – Point deduction1 day late =11.25 deduction; 2 days=22.5 deduction; 3 days=33.75 deduction; 4 days =45 deduction; 5 days = 56.25 deduction; 6 days =67.5 deduction; 7 days =78.75 deduction; Score of 0 if more than 7 days late 0.0 pts

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NURS6001 Week 1 Quiz 2025

QUESTION 1 When will you lose access to your completed courses (excluding this Student Readiness Orientation)? a . Never b . 30 days after the course end date c . 60 days after the course end date d . 120 days after the course end date 1 points Save Answer QUESTION 2 When you submit an assignment, when should you have the assignment complete by on the day assigned? a . 11:59 p . m . Mountain Time (MT)—which is 1:59 a . m . Eastern Time (ET) the next day; the time stamp in the classroom will reflect Eastern Time (ET), regardless of your time zone b . 11:59 p . m . Central Time (CT)—which is 10:59 p . m . Mountain Time (MT); the time stamp in the classroom will reflect Mountain Time (MT), regardless of your time zone c . 11:59 p . m . Eastern Time (ET)—which is 8:59 p . m . Pacific Time (PT); the time stamp in the classroom will reflect Pacific Time (PT), regardless of your time zone d . 10:59 p . m . Mountain Time (MT)—which is 12:59 a . m . Eastern Time (ET) the next day; the time stamp in the classroom will reflect Eastern Time (ET), regardless of your time zone 1 points Save Answer QUESTION 3 Where in your online course will you find the contact information for your Instructor? a . Syllabus b . Student Support c . Contact the Instructor 1 points Save Answer QUESTION 4 If you are having trouble accessing your online classroom, what should you do first? a . Clean your browser’s cookies and cache b . Check firewall settings c . Deactivate pop-up blockers 1 points Save Answer QUESTION 5 In an online course, students can participate in the online classroom and submit assignments whenever it is convenient for them to do so . True False 1 points Save Answer QUESTION 6 In which area will you retrieve written assignments with comments from your instructor? a . Discussion b . My Grades area c . Assignment Link 1 points Save Answer QUESTION 7 If you have a question about which courses you should register for next term, who should you contact? a . Student Support Team b . One of your current instructors c . Your Academic Advisor 1 points Save Answer QUESTION 8 As long as you save your work to your home computer’s hard drive, you are safe . True False 1 points Save Answer QUESTION 9 When sending and e-mail to your Instructor or any Walden staff, your e-mail should: a . Include color stationary as a background b . USE ALL CAPITAL LETTERS SO THEY KNOW YOUR EMAIL IS IMPORTANT c . Include your full legal name, your program or course, and your Walden ID Number 1 points Save Answer QUESTION 10 The online classroom area where you can post an assignment and have your classmates and instructor respond to your ideas is called: a . My Grades area b . Discussion c . Assignment Link 1 points Save Answer QUESTION 11 Students can always edit their posting in Discussion . True False 1 points Save Answer QUESTION 12 Who should you contact with questions about online classroom technical concerns? a . Your Instructor b . Walden Academic Advisor c . Student Support d . Program Director 1 points Save Answer QUESTION 13 Since your online classroom could unexpectedly time out on occasion, what should you do before submitting a long Discussion posting? a . Type and save the assignment as a word-processed document first . b . Tell your instructor you are going to submit an assignment . c . Create a new topic . d . Call the Student Support Team for help . 1 points Save Answer QUESTION 14 Students should avoid referencing Wikipedia as a scholarly resource in their assignments . True False 1 points Save Answer QUESTION 15 Online students are expected to behave with academic integrity and honesty . True False

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NURS6521 Week 6 Quiz latest 2018 2025

Question Week 6 quiz Question 1 A 65-year-old woman has an advanced form of rheumatoid arthritis . Her treatment includes a regular dosage of methotrexate . The nurse will advise her to take which of the following vitamin supplements while taking the drug? A) Vitamin A B) Vitamin B C) Vitamin C D) Vitamin D Question 2 To minimize the risk of adverse effects of glucagon when given to an unconscious diabetic patient, as the patient regains consciousness, the nurse should A) administer calcium supplements. B) position the patient in the side-lying position. C) administer carbohydrates. D) monitor for nausea and vomiting. Question 3 A female patient with a diagnosis of type 1 diabetes mellitus has been experiencing increasing neuropathic pain in recent months, a symptom that has not responded appreciably to conventional analgesics . The patient’s care provider has begun treatment with gabapentin (Neurontin) . How is the addition of this drug likely to influence the management of the patient’s existing drug regimen? A) The patient may be required to temporarily hold her other medications until a stable serum level of gabapentin is achieved. B) It is unlikely to influence the patient’s other medications because gabapentin does not interact with other drugs. C) Gabapentin is contraindicated with the use of exogenous insulin. D) The patient’s medication-related risk for renal failure must be assessed prior to the use of gabapentin. Question 4 A nurse is caring for a patient who has been diagnosed with hypothyroidism . Levothyroxine (Synthroid) has been prescribed . Before the drug therapy is started, the nurse will assess for which of the following? A) History of taking anticoagulant drugs B) Allergy to seafood C) Hirsutism D) The patient’s age Question 5 A nurse is caring for a male patient who has a spinal cord injury due to a motorcycle accident . He has been taking dantrolene (Dantrium) for 2 weeks . The nurse will monitor which of the following? A) Prothrombin time and partial thromboplastin time B) Urine specific gravity C) Alanine aminotransferase and total bilirubin levels D) Follicle-stimulating hormone levels Question 6 A nurse is assessing a patient who has come to the emergency department complaining of back spasms . The patient states that he has a history of opioid addiction and does not want to take any drug that “puts me at risk of becoming physically dependent . ” Which of the following medications would the nurse question, if ordered? A) Methocarbamol (Robaxin) B) Orphenadrine (Norflex) C) Cyclobenzaprine (Flexeril) D) Metaxalone (Skelaxin) Question 7 A 40-year-old woman with a diagnosis of fibromyalgia has been prescribed cyclobenzaprine (Flexeril) as an adjunct to her existing drug regimen . What nursing diagnosis should the nurse prioritize when updating the nursing care plan for this patient? A) Risk for Injury related to CNS depressant effects B) Diarrhea related to anticholinergic effects C) Altered Nutrition, Less than Body Requirements, related to appetite suppression D) Impaired Swallowing related to increased muscle tone Question 8 A nurse is working with a 57-year-old man who is a former intravenous drug abuser . He has been prescribed a weekly dosage of methotrexate for his rheumatoid arthritis . Which of the following will the nurse include in her teaching plan for this patient? A) Avoid high-fat foods B) Drink plenty of water every day C) Take the tablets before bedtime D) Avoid red meat Question 9 Following an assessment by her primary care provider, a 70-year-old resident of an assisted living facility has begun taking daily oral doses of levothyroxine . Which of the following assessment findings should prompt the nurse to withhold a scheduled dose of levothyroxine? A) The resident has not eaten breakfast because of a recent loss of appetite B) The resident’s apical heart rate is 112 beats/minute with a regular rhythm C) The resident had a fall during the night while transferring from her bed to her bathroom D) The resident received her annual influenza vaccination the previous day Question 10 A nurse is caring for a 61-year-old man who has had a severe attack of gout while in the hospital for food poisoning . The nurse administers colchicine intravenously in order to A) avoid aggravating the gastrointestinal tract. B) ensure quick distribution of the drug. C) prevent the risk of infection or bleeding. D) minimize the risk of depressed bone marrow function. Question 11 A patient receives 25 units of NPH insulin at 7 . AM . At what time of day should the nurse advise the patient to be most alert for a potential hypoglycemic reaction? A) After breakfast B) Before lunch C) Late afternoon D) Bedtime Question 12 A male patient is to begin glyburide (Diabeta) for type 2 diabetes . Before the drug therapy begins, a priority action by the nurse will be to assess the patient’s A) blood pressure. B) potassium level. C) use of alcohol. D) use of salt in his diet. Question 13 A male patient with a diagnosis of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis is in the clinic to discuss with the nurse the possibility of self-administration of glatiramer . During the patient education session for self-administration, the nurse will emphasize A) the need to rotate the injection site of the drug. B) the need to avoid crushing the tablet. C) the need to place the tablet under the tongue. D) the need to use only the thigh muscle for the drug injection site. Question 14 A diabetic patient being treated for obesity tells the nurse that he is having adverse effects from his drug therapy . The patient has been taking dextroamphetamine for 2 weeks as adjunct therapy . Which of the following adverse effects would need the nurse’s immediate attention? A) Decreased libido B) Increased blood glucose C) Dry eyes D) Jittery feeling Question 15 A patient with diabetes has had a cough for 1 week and has been prescribed a cough syrup (an expectorant) . What special instructions should the nurse include in the patient teaching for this situation? A) Wash hands before and after taking the medicine B) Keep track of any gastrointestinal tract infections C) Monitor glucose levels closely D) Note the time the medicine is taken each day Question 16 A 13-year-old patient has juvenile arthritis . He has recently had oral surgery and was told by the surgeon to take aspirin for the pain . The nurse will monitor for which of the following? A) Bronchoconstriction B) Hepatotoxicity C) Aplastic anemia D) Agranulocytosis Question 17 A nurse has been invited to speak to a support group for persons with movement disorders and their families . Which of the following statements by the nurse addresses the chronic nature of these diseases and the relevant drug therapies? A) “Drug therapy can consist of one or more drugs to eliminate the symptoms of these diseases.” B) “Drugs do not cure these disorders; they instead enhance quality of life.” C) “Persons of all cultures are treated similarly and respond in similar ways to treatment.” D) “Drugs used to treat these disorders always pose a risk of severe liver and kidney dysfunction.” Question 18 A patient in need of myocardial infarction prophylaxis has been prescribed sulfinpyrazone for gout . Which of the following will the nurse monitor the patient most closely for? A) Hypothermia B) Hypotension C) Renal dysfunction D) Bleeding Question 19 A nurse is developing a care plan for a patient who has multiple sclerosis . An expected outcome for the patient who is receiving glatiramer would be a decrease in A) chest pain. B) fatigue. C) breathing difficulties. D) heart palpitations. Question 20 A 32-year-old female patient is taking tizanidine (Zanaflex) for spasticity related to her multiple sclerosis . The nurse will inform the patient and her husband that the adverse effect that poses the greatest safety risk to the patient is A) constipation. B) dry mouth. C) fatigue. D) hypotension. Question 21 A 34-year-old male patient is prescribed methimazole (MMI) . The nurse will advise him to report which of the following immediately? A) Vertigo B) Intolerance to cold C) Loss of appetite D) Epigastric distress Question 22 A 43-year-old woman was diagnosed with multiple sclerosis 2 years ago and has experienced a recent exacerbation of her symptoms, including muscle spasticity . Consequently, she has been prescribed Dantrolene (Dantrium) . In light of this new addition to her drug regimen, what teaching point should the woman’s nurse provide? A) “This will likely relieve your muscle spasms but you’ll probably develop a certain amount of dependence on the drug over time.” B) “We’ll need to closely monitor your blood sugar levels for the next week.” C) “There’s a small risk that you might experience some hallucinations in the first few days that you begin taking this drug.” D) “You might find that this drug exacerbates some of your muscle weakness while it relieves your spasticity.” Question 23 A patient with type 1 diabetes has been admitted to the hospital for orthopedic surgery and the care team anticipates some disruptions to the patient’s blood glucose levels in the days following surgery . Which of the following insulin regimens is most likely to achieve adequate glycemic control? A) Small doses of long-acting insulin administered four to five times daily B) Doses of basal insulin twice daily with regular insulin before each meal C) Large doses of rapid-acting insulin combined with long-acting insulin each morning and evening D) Divided doses of intermediate-acting insulin every 2 hours, around the clock Question 24 During long-term desmopressin therapy in a 48-year-old woman, it will be most important for the nurse to assess which of the following? A) The patient’s environment B) The patient’s diet C) The condition of the patient’s skin D) The condition of the patient’s nasal passages Question 25 A 49-year-old woman has been diagnosed with myalgia . The physician has recommended aspirin . The patient is concerned that the aspirin will upset her stomach . The nurse will encourage the patient to A) crush the tablet before swallowing. B) swallow the tablet whole. C) swallow the tablet with milk or food. D) avoid drinking milk for 3 hours after swallowing the tablet. Question 26 A nurse will instruct a patient taking allopurinol to take each dose A) at night. B) first thing in the morning. C) after a meal. D) before a meal. Question 27 The nurse is conducting a medication reconciliation of a new resident of a long-term care facility . The nurse notes that the resident takes allopurinol on a daily basis for the treatment of gout . What is the primary purpose of this drug? A) To balance urate concentration and prevent gout attacks B) To promote the remodeling of damaged synovium C) To potentiate the metabolism of dietary purines D) To achieve pain relief in joints affected by gout Question 28 A nurse is teaching a patient about his newly prescribed drug, colchicine, for gout . The nurse will instruct the patient to avoid which of the following foods? A) Green beans B) Shrimp C) Eggs D) Milk Question 29 A nurse is instructing a patient who was recently diagnosed with multiple sclerosis about dantrolene (Dantrium) . The patient is a 38-year-old-male and the foreman for a construction company . In order to minimize one important adverse effect of the drug, the nurse will give the patient which of the following instructions? A) Eat a high-protein diet B) Decrease the dosage if any adverse effect is experienced C) Wear appropriate clothing and sunscreen whenever he is in direct sunlight D) Have a complete blood cell count done weekly Question 30 A 33-year-old man has developed acute gouty arthritis . He has been prescribed colchicine . When developing a care plan for this patient, which factor will be most important for the nurse to consider? A) Dietary habits B) Work environment C) Typical daily fluid intake D) Ethnicity

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Discussion 2: The Role of the RN/APRN in Policy-Making 2025

Word cloud generators have become popular tools for meetings and team-building events. Groups or teams are asked to use these applications to input words they feel best describe their team or their role. A “word cloud” is generated by the application that makes prominent the most-used terms, offering an image of the common thinking among participants of that role. What types of words would you use to build a nursing word cloud? Empathetic, organized, hard-working, or advocate would all certainly apply. Would you add policy-maker to your list? Do you think it would be a very prominent component of the word cloud? Nursing has become one of the largest professions in the world, and as such, nurses have the potential to influence policy and politics on a global scale. When nurses influence the politics that improve the delivery of healthcare, they are ultimately advocating for their patients. Hence, policy-making has become an increasingly popular term among nurses as they recognize a moral and professional obligation to be engaged in healthcare legislation. To Prepare: Revisit the Congress.gov website provided in the Resources and consider the role of RNs and APRNs in policy-making. Reflect on potential opportunities that may exist for RNs and APRNs to participate in the policy-making process. By Day 3 of Week 8 Post an explanation of at least two opportunities that exist for RNs and APRNs to actively participate in policy-making . Explain some of the challenges that these opportunities may present and describe how you might overcome these challenges. Finally, recommend two strategies you might make to better advocate for or communicate the existence of these opportunities to participate in policy-making. Be specific and provide examples. By Day 6 of Week 8 Respond to at least two of your colleagues’ * posts by suggesting additional opportunities or recommendations for overcoming the challenges described by your colleagues. *Note: Throughout this program, your fellow students are referred to as colleagues. Everything should be in APA 7 formart. At least 3 references all with DOI number and at least 3 paragraphs for mainpost and 2 for replies.’ Discussion for reply one (Guy) RNs and APRNs have crucial roles in health care to inform decisions of policy making. There are many opportunities that exist for nursing professionals to participate in policy making. According to Burke (2016), “It’s essential that policies exist that define and integrate appropriate standards for delivery of care and address conditions necessary for that care to occur. Through policy work, nurses can and should influence practice standards and processes to assure quality of care. Nurses who influence policy help share the care that will be provided today and tomorrow. Policies also impact resource allocation to support delivery of healthcare”. One opportunity that exists for nurses to become active in policy making is to become a member of the American Nurses Association. According to Catallo, Spalding, & Haghiri-Vijeh (2014), “Policy products that the ANA offers include a “policy activist took kit”. As part of this took kit, RNs are provided with resources that include how to get involved in a political campaign, writing letters to the editor, how to engage politicians and carry out lobbying activities”. The article “Nursing Professional Organizations: What Are They Doing to Engage Nurses in Health Policy?” discusses how nurses can become engaged in health policy activities and how to address policy issues. Another opportunity that exists for nurses to become active in policy making is to advance their education by becoming an APRN. According to Regis College (n.d), “Nurse practitioners have an opportunity to serve as advocates for patients, families, communities, other nurses, and health care organizations. Through this advocacy, nurse practitioners can influence health care policy. By gaining a comprehensive understanding in particular areas of health care, nurse practitioners are uniquely situated to support positions that will benefit out communities”. Becoming an APRN prepares your ability to participate in advocacy of health care policy making. A strategy that can be used to promote nursing professionals involvement in policy making is to do so through nursing employers. For example, I would propose to create and implement a “Policy Committee” through my hospital organization to discuss the potential nurse advocacy benefits we can offer to policy making. In addition, as mentioned by Catallo et al,. (2014), to convey “Political awareness and understanding of the importance of being involved in nursing organizations, time to engage in policy development outside of nursing work, and resources to develop skills in policy participation”. Another strategy that can be implemented to overcome to barriers of nursing involvement in policy making is to do so through nursing education. According to Short (2008), “The foundations for a professional understanding of health care policy should be well laid in formal education and synthesized with practice and work environments. Without time to promote synthesis of policy concepts related to the practice environment, nurses have no basis for further exploration and may remain naive to the influences of policy throughout their career”. If nursing students (RN or APRN) were exposed to health care policy and the influence their roles can have on policy making during their nursing education, there would be much more nursing involvement in health care policy that is needed today. References Burke, A. (2016). Influence Through Policy: Nurses Have a Unique Role. Retrieved October 18, 2020 from https://nursingcentered.sigmanursing.org/commentary/more-commentary/Vol42_2_nurses-have-a-unique-role. Catallo, C., Spalding, K., & Haghiri-Vijeh, R. (2014). Nursing Professional Organizations: What Are They Doing to Engage Nurses in Health Policy? SAGE Open . https://doi.org/10.1177/2158244014560534 Regis College (n.d). How Does Nursing Influence Health Care Policy? Retrieved October 18, 2020 from https://online.regiscollege.edu/blog/how-does-nursing-influence-health-care-policy/ Short N. M. (2008). Influencing health policy: strategies for nursing education to partner with nursing practice. Journal of professional nursing: official journal of the American Association of Colleges of Nursing. 24(5), 264–269. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.profnurs.2007.10.004 Discussion for reply two(Megan) “The design phase of the policy process is the point at which the original intent of a solution to a problem is understood and the appropriate tools are employed to achieve policy success” (Milstead, 2019). The creation of policies, or presenting your idea, is how nurses can participate in policymaking. Actively working in the nursing field can help nurses see problems that arise and a better solution to patient needs. Bringing these ideas to congress to make changes will benefit the need of the patients. “Nurses’ influence in health policies protects patient safety, increases quality of care, and facilitates their access to the required resources and promotes quality health care” (Arabi et al., 2014). Advocacy is another way that nurses can participate in policymaking. “We have been patient advocates in our interactions with doctors and administrators, why not with Congress“ (L. Phillips, 2020). Nurses should feel excited and empowered that they get to have a voice in the political world to make healthcare changes. Advocating for our patients is our duty, and I cannot think of a better way to do this than policy creation or changes. “As a component of professional nursing, active participation in the policy process is essential in the formulation of policies designed to provide quality health care at sustainable costs to all individuals” (Milstead, 2019). Some of the challenges nurses face when getting involved with policymaking are getting push back from legislators and finding the evidence-based practice to support ideas. Nurses must band together and fight for what we know is right and what our patients need. Becoming an active member of a nursing organization can help support new policies or change old policies. Support strength comes in numbers. Having multiple people that share the same ideas will decrease pushback. Finding evidence-based practice to support our ideas may pose a problem, but putting in work to find or create research will be worth it, in the end, to help our patients with new or changed policies. Also, becoming a member of a nursing association can assist with finding or creating evidence-based practice. The strategies I think will help advocate for these opportunities is being involved in a nursing association and providing courses like this to nurses. I know I spoke of nursing associations already, but I cannot think of a better way to come together and share our similar experiences and ideas to improve processes and policies to assist our patients. Providing courses like this to help educate nurses and get them involved in politics helps drive home the importance of our voices. References Arabi, A., Rafii, F., Cheraghi, M., & Ghiyasvandian, S. (2014, May 19). Nurses’ policy influence: A concept analysis. PubMed Central (PMC). https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4061635/ Milstead, J. A., & Short, N. M. (2019). Health policy and politics: A nurse’s guide (6th ed.). Burlington, MA: Jones & Bartlett Learning. Pg. 97 Phillips, R. (2003). Health Care Policy: The Nurse’s Crucial Role. American Academy of Ambulatory Care Nursing. https://www.aaacn.org/volunteer/teams/legislative/health-care-policy-nurses-crucial-role

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