Health care professionals play a crucial role in helping to prevent and control infectious disease. Nurses are an important factor in helping to prevent the spread of infection. As a nurse it is extremely important to understand the infection process, the chain of infection, and prevention techniques.

In the TWO scenarios below, describe in paragraph form what you as a health care provider would do in these situations. Describe what was done right, what was done incorrectly, and what education needs to be discussed in each scenario.

Scenario 1

A man is recovering from a minor surgical procedure. His son, daughter-in-law, and grandson come to visit him. His daughter-in-law is suffering from what appears to be a bad cold and, although hospital policies prohibit children under the age of 10 from visiting patients in this ward, the 3-year-old grandson still came up.

You notice that the woman is sneezing and coughing into her hands. You also notice that the child keeps moving from his mother’s lap to the patient’s lap in the hospital bed. In addition, you observe that the woman is changing the television stations on the remote control to find something the child can watch.

Scenario 2

A charge nurse on a medical/surgical unit approaches a computer and notices that the keyboard is visibly soiled. She goes to a supply closet to get some disinfectant wipes to clean the keys. When she returns, she notes that a nurse is sitting at the computer using the soiled keyboard. As she watches, the nurse picks up a patient chart, makes a note, and then returns to the keyboard. When she is finished typing, the nurse walks away from the computer and heads for one of the patient rooms.

Throughout the RN to BSN program, students are required to participate in scholarly activities outside of clinical practice or professional practice. Examples of scholarly activities include attending conferences, seminars, journal club, grand rounds, morbidity and mortality meetings, interdisciplinary committees, quality improvement committees and any other opportunities available at your site, within your community or nationally.

You are required to post one scholarly activity while you are in the BSN program, which should be documented by the end of this course. In addition to this submission, you are required to be involved and contribute to interdisciplinary initiatives on a regular basis.

Submit, as the assignment, a summary report of the scholarly activity, including who, what, where, when and any relevant take-home points. Include the appropriate program competencies associated with the scholarly activity as well as future professional goals related to this activity. You may use the “Scholarly Activity Summary” template to help guide this assignment.

Discussion: Comparing Frameworks for Analyzing Organizations

Avedis Donabedian’s work generated a pivotal means of assessing organizational performance relative to structure, process, and outcomes. However, it is clearly not sufficient to view health care quality merely in terms of outcomes—the structures and processes that facilitate these outcomes are equally as important.

In this Discussion, you consider multiple frameworks that can be used to analyze an organization. As you proceed, consider how these frameworks allow you to examine the interplay of interdependent and related parts and processes that comprise the systems within an organization, as well as the arrangements or structures that connect these parts.

To prepare:

Investigate and reflect on the systems and structures of an organization with which you are familiar. Consider the following:

What is the reporting structure?

Who holds formal and informal authority?

How many layers of management are there between the frontline and the highest office-holders of the organization?

How are interdisciplinary teams organized?

How is communication facilitated?

How well integrated is decision making among clinical personnel and administrative professionals?

How are particular service lines organized?

Which departments, groups, and/or individuals within the organization are responsible for monitoring matters related to performance, such as quality and finances?

Select two of the following frameworks:

Learning organizations, presented in the Elkin, Haina, and Cone article

Complex adaptive systems (CAS), presented in the Nesse, Kutcher, Wood, and Rummans article

Clinical microsystems, presented in the Sabino, Friel, Deitrick, and Sales-Lopez article

Good to great, presented in the Geller article

The 5 Ps, presented in the ASHP Foundation article

Review the Learning Resources for each of the frameworks that you selected. Also conduct additional research to strengthen your understanding of how to use each framework to assess an organization.

Compare the two frameworks. How could each framework be used to identify opportunities to improve performance? In particular, how would you use each of these frameworks to analyze the organization that you have selected?

Post an analysis of the systems and structures of the organization you selected, sharing specific examples. Explain insights that you gained by comparing the two frameworks, and how each can be used to assess an organization, identify a need for improvement, and, ultimately, enhance the performance of an organization.

Read a selection of your colleagues’ responses.

Respond to at least two of your colleagues on two different days using one or more of the following approaches:

Compare the organizational structure of your colleague’s selected organization to your own.

Ask a clarifying question.

Select an attribute of the identified organizational structure and ask your colleague to elaborate on how this attribute is evidenced in their organization.

Required Readings

Hickey, J. V., & Brosnan, C. A. (2017). Evaluation  of health care quality in for DNPs (2nd  ed.). New York, NY: Springer Publishing Company.

Chapter 1, “Evaluation and DNPs: The Mandate for Evaluation” (pp. 3-36)

Chapter 3, “Conceptual Models for Evaluation in Advanced Nursing Practice” (pp. 61-86)

Chapter 6, “Evaluating Organizations and Systems” (pp. 127-142)

Chapter 1 defines microsystem, mesosystem, and macrosystem and notes that evaluation can focus on one of these levels or all three. Chapter 5 examines the evaluation of organizations and systems.

Sadeghi, S., Barzi, A., Mikhail, O., & Shabot, M. M. (2013). Integrating quality and strategy in health care organizations, Burlington, MA: Jones & Bartlett Publishers.

Chapter 2, “Understanding the Healthcare Organization” (pp. 31–43)

Although this chapter focuses on hospitals, the authors provide information about strategic planning and organizational structure that is applicable in many health care settings. The authors examine financial and quality issues as key aspects of performance measurement.

Elkin, G., Zhang, H., & Cone, M. (2011). The acceptance of Senge’s learning organisation model among managers in China: An interview study. International Journal of Management, 28(4), 354–364.

Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.

This article outlines the five disciplines that Senge argued could be found in a learning organization. The authors also discuss the worldview that is inherent in business organizations in China and explain how this relates to Senge’s theory.

Geller, E. S. (2006). From good to great in safety: What does it take to be world class? Professional Safety, 51(6), 35–40.

Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.

Geller reviews and applies Collin’s foundational Good to Great theory from its focus on financial success to safety.

Nesse, R. E., Kutcher, G., Wood, D., & Rummans, T. (2010). Framing change for high-value healthcare systems. Journal for Healthcare Quality, 32(1), 23–28.

Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.

This article explores how to implement change in complex adaptive systems (CAS) such as health care. The authors purport that an understanding of the principles of change management in CAS is critical for success.

Sabino, J. N., Friel, T., Deitrick, L. M., & Salas-Lopez, D. (2009). Striving for cultural competence in an HIV program: The transformative impact of a microsystem in a larger health network. Health & Social Work, 34(4), 309–313.

Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.

The authors discuss cultural competence as part of a patient-centered perspective on health care delivery. They examine an approach to creating innovation that originates at the unit (microsystem) level and can be diffused to the larger health care environment (macrosystem).

 ASHP Foundation. (n.d.). Assessing your microsystem with the 5 Ps. Retrieved February 5, 2012, from http://www.ashpfoundation.org/lean/CMS9.html

This article discusses 5 Ps—purpose, patients, professionals, processes, and patterns—that you can analyze to deepen your understanding of a microsystem.

 Document: Course Project Overview (PDF)

Required Media

Laureate Education (Producer). (2013f). Organizational structures. Retrieved from https://class.waldenu.edu 

Note:  The approximate length of this media piece is 3 minutes.

Dr. Carol Huston discusses the influence of organizational structure on the delivery of quality care.

In collaboration with your approved course mentor, you will choose a specific evidence-based practice proposal topic for the Capstone Project. Consider the clinical environment in which you are currently working or have recently worked. The Capstone Project topic can be a clinical practice problem, an organizational issue, a quality improvement suggestion, a leadership initiative, or an educational need appropriate to your area of interest as well as your practice immersion (practicum) setting. A combination of 100 “supervised clinical hours” in community health and leadership areas will be obtained through the application of the objectives listed in the “Guidelines for Undergraduate Field Experiences” manual and as captured in the ISP.

Practicum immersion experiences are required in a community health setting. Community health and leadership practice immersion can occur in the same site and in conjunction with the evidence-based project in the NRS-490V course. Definitions of community-based settings should encourage community integration and involvement; expand accessibility of services and supports; promote personal preference, strengths, dignity; and empower people to participate in the economic mainstream. Examples of the integration of community health, leadership, and an EBP can be found at Healthy People 2020.

The goals of the practice immersion experience is to apply the learning from your research, community health, and leadership courses:

After studying this course, you should be able to:

1. Demonstrate and apply knowledge of factors to consider when planning to work with a chosen community.
2. Demonstrate and apply knowledge of approaches that will facilitate engagement of the community.
3. Demonstrate and apply knowledge and skills required to work constructively with communities.
4. Demonstrate and apply knowledge related to engagement of organizational leadership and change agents.
5. Demonstrate and apply knowledge related to disseminating project findings/data with organizational leadership and change agents.
6. Demonstrate and apply knowledge related to completing an evidence-based project to impact population health outcomes.
7. Demonstrate and apply Healthy People 2010/2020 principles related to completing an evidence-based project to impact population health outcomes.

According to Healthy People.gov, educational and community-based programs and strategies are designed to reach people outside of traditional health care settings. These settings may include:

• Schools
• Worksites
• Health care facilities
• Communities

Each setting provides opportunities to reach people using existing social structures. This maximizes impact and reduces the time and resources necessary for program development.

In a composition of no more than 750 words, describe the nature of your proposed project topic. Include the following in your discussion:

1. The setting or context in which the problem, issue, suggestion, initiative, or educational need can be observed.
2. A description providing a high level of detail regarding the problem, issue, suggestion, initiative, or educational need.
3. Impact of the problem, issue, suggestion, initiative, or educational need on the work environment, the quality of care provided by staff, and patient outcomes.
4. Significance of the problem, issue, suggestion, initiative, or educational need and its implications to nursing.

Preview and utilize the “Project Topic Checklist” resource located in the topic materials to assist in developing your proposed Capstone Project topic. This resource will assist you in organizing your work and will provide additional information regarding the assignment. Note: You are required to retrieve and assess a minimum of 15 peer-reviewed articles. Plan your time to complete this assignment accordingly.

Attach the completed “Project Topic Checklist” to your assignment submission.

Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required.

You are not required to submit this assignment to Turnitin.

Mark 8:29 Worksheet

Please address each question below with complete sentences and clear, specific explanation. The total word count of your writing should be between 750-1,250 words.

1.      Select one teaching of Jesus from one of the following Bible verses: Matthew 5:21-24, Matthew 5:43-48, Matthew 6:19-24, Matthew 7:15-23, Luke 15:1-32, John 13:1-17 & 34-35, John 15:1-11. Answer the following questions:

a.       What was Jesus’ point in the teaching?

b.      What sort of relevance does this teaching have for other worldviews?

c.       What does this teaching reveal about Jesus?

2.      Identify at least one claim that Jesus made about His nature and/or the purpose of His ministry (such as Mark 2:1-12, Matt 9:9-13, Luke 7:18-23, John 5:16-18, John 10:25-38, John 14:5-11). What is the significance of this claim?

How would you personally answer Jesus’ question, “But who do you say that I am?” Describe your own beliefs about Jesus