Document a focused history, physical exam, nursing diagnoses, and nursing process of a case study from NUR-641E: Advanced Pathophysiology and Pharmacology for Nurse Educators and compare the differences with a complete assessment. At least 3-4 references 

Case Study

A 22-year-old woman reports being “sick with the flu” for the past 8 days. She is vomiting several times every day, having difficulty keeping liquids or food down, and has been using more than the recommended dose of antacids in an attempt to calm the nausea. She has become severely dehydrated. After fainting at home, she was taken to a local hospital. An arterial blood gas sample was drawn and then an IV was placed to help rehydrate her. The arterial blood gas revealed the following:

Test​ Result​           Normal levels

pH​​7.5​​7.35 – 7.45

PaCO2​40 mm Hg​35-45 mm Hg

PaO2​95 mm Hg​80-100 mm Hg

SaO2​                        97%​95-100%

HCO3-​      32 meq/liter​22-26 meq/liter

No Plagiarism please, assignment will be checked with Turnitin. 

Will need 5 full pages, double spaced all throughout the page for the case study, APA Style, Times New Roman, font 12, Title Page and a Reference page. 

Assignment Directions

The focus this week is on antimicrobial agents. Principles for the appropriate choice of antibiotics and the factors that influence outcomes will be discussed. Also emphasized will be the mechanisms by which antimicrobial resistance develops and practical applications to prevent resistance. Remember that you will be creating a communication tool for the parent of a 4-year-old with an acute upper respiratory tract infection of a possible vital etiology. Your decision of how to treat this patient must be based on the highest level of current evidence. 

Case Study:

Discussion: Mr. Smith brings his 4-year-old to your office with chief complaints of right ear pain, sneezing, mild cough, and low-grade fever of 100 degrees for the last 72 hours. Today, the child is alert, cooperative, and well hydrated. You note a mildly erythemic throat with no exudate, both ears mild pink tympanic membrane with good movement, lungs clear. You diagnose an acute upper respiratory infection, probably viral in nature. Mr. Smith is states that the family is planning a trip out of town starting tomorrow and would like an antibiotic just in case.

Create a communication plan for Mr. Smith and/or families for both prescriptive and non-prescriptive drug therapies. Describe what you would tell Mr. Smith and the child. Provide resources that Mr. Smith could access which would provide information concerning your decision

   Discussion: Cardiovascular Disorders

Veins and arteries are vital elements of the cardiovascular system. They carry the blood supply through the body and are essential for proper function. Sometimes veins and arteries malfunction, resulting in cardiovascular disorders. Malfunctions of arteries and veins are similar to malfunctions of a water hose. Consider the structure and function of a hose. A tap releases water, which then travels through the hose and comes out the other end. If the hose has been dormant for several months, dirt and rusty particles might build up inside, resulting in a restricted flow of water. Similarly, buildup of plaque inside the coronary arteries restricts blood flow and leads to disorders such as coronary heart disease. This disease is one of the most common cardiovascular disorders, and according to the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (2011), is the leading cause of death for men and women in the United States. In this Discussion, you examine the pathophysiology of cardiovascular disorders such as coronary heart disease.

To Prepare

· Review this week’s media presentation on alterations of cardiovascular functions, as well as Chapter 24 in the Huether and McCance text. Identify the pathophysiology of cardiovascular disorders.

· Select one patient factor: genetics, gender, ethnicity, age, or behavior. Consider how the factor you selected might impact the pathophysiology of cardiovascular disorders.

· Select one of the following alterations of cardiovascular disorders: peripheral arterial disease, myocardial infarction, coronary artery disease, congestive heart failure, or dysrhythmia. Think about how hypertension or dyslipidemia can lead to the alteration you selected. 

Post a description of the pathophysiology of cardiovascular disorders, including how the factor you selected might impact the pathophysiology. Then, explain how hypertension or dyslipidemia can lead to the alteration you selected for patients with the factor you identified.

Required Readings

** Huether, S. E., & McCance, K. L. (2017). Understanding pathophysiology (6th ed.). St. Louis, MO: Mosby.

• Chapter 23, “Structure and      Function of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems”

This chapter examines the circulatory system, heart, systemic circulation, and lymphatic system to establish a foundation for normal cardiovascular function. It focuses on the structure and function of various parts of the circulatory system to illustrate normal blood flow.

• Chapter 24, “Alterations of      Cardiovascular Function”

This chapter presents the pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, evaluation, and treatment of various cardiovascular disorders. It focuses on diseases of the veins and arteries, disorders of the heart wall, heart disease, and shock.

• Chapter 25, “Alterations of      Cardiovascular Function in Children”

This chapter examines cardiovascular disorders that affect children. It distinguishes congenital heart disease from acquired cardiovascular disorders.

** Hammer, G. G. , & McPhee, S. (2014). Pathophysiology of disease: An introduction to clinical medicine. (7th ed.) New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Education.

• Chapter 11, “Cardiovascular      Disorders: Vascular Disease”

This chapter begins with an overview of the vascular component of the cardiovascular system and how the cardiovascular system is normally regulated. It then describes three common vascular disorders: atherosclerosis, hypertension, and shock.

**American Heart Association. (2012). Retrieved from http://www.heart.org/HEARTORG/ 

**Million Hearts. (2012). Retrieved from http://millionhearts.hhs.gov/index.html 

National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. (2012). Retrieved from http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/

Instructor Requirements

As advanced practice nurses, we are scholars, nurse researchers and scientists. As such, please use Peer-Reviewed scholarly articles and websites designed for health professionals (not designed for patients) for your references. Students should be using the original citation in Up to Date and go to that literature as a reference. The following are examples (not all inclusive) of resources/websites deemed inadmissible for scholarly reference:

1. Up      to Date (must use original articles from Up to Date as a resource)
2. Wikipedia
3. Cdc.gov-      non healthcare professionals section
4. Webmd.com
5. Mayoclinic.com

In a paper of 500-1,000 words, describe the relationship between health care cost and quality. Address the following:

1. Select one public agency and one private agency and differentiate their roles and major activities in addressing cost and quality in health care. See Topic 4 readings for sources regarding health care agencies.
2. Analyze current and projected initiatives to improve quality while simultaneously controlling costs. Describe any unintended consequences.
3. Synthesize implications for staff nurses and advanced practice nurses, including evidence-based practice, relative to cost and quality.

Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required.

This is a discussion post, about 250 WORDS, tittle page not require In- text citation is required original work please, scholarly references are required for this assignment, website source strongly preferred.

QUESTION 2: The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA) of 2010

The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA) of 2010 (section titled “Subtitle D”) identifies requirements relating to provider compliance with fraud, waste, and abuse laws. Identify three measures that your health care organization ((or health care organizations in general) has initiated, or could initiate, to comply with these measures. Support your analysis with a minimum of two peer-reviewed articles. Support your response with a minimum of three peer-reviewed references.