APA STYLE.  lESS THAN 10% SIMILARITY. 

The following post is another student post to wish i have to react. Please add some extra imformation relate to what the student post. 

Transcultural Perspectives in Older Adults’ Care

Question 1

In developing a home care plan for a chronically ill 82 years old man living in a single-room hotel, the nurse must assess and consider a number of factors. The factors that the nurse must consider include resources available to the patient, their needs and limitations that would affect care while living at home. First, the nurse should assess the cultural values practices and availability of community resources. The presence or absence of formal and informal resources in the city will influence the client’s access to healthcare services. Cultural values such as those influencing the patient’s typical family structure will also affect their access to care. For example, Hispanic families tend to live together which means the sick and the elderly can be taken care of by members of the extended family (Miyawaki, 2016). The nurse should also consider social economic factors that affect access of the patient to care. It is important to understand whether the patient has enough money to sustain him at the hotel room and cater for health needs. For example, the nurse should assess whether the patient can afford home care services for his condition.

The nurse should assess resources based on the needs and limitations of the patient. The needs of the patient determine the type of resources and help that should be available to them. The nurse should assess both the healthcare and social needs and understand how they maybe affected by culture. For example, a diabetic patient may need access to a pharmacy or clinic where he can get insulin shots. Logistical factors such as transportation and language interact to determine access to healthcare by an elderly person. For example, the patient may need emergency treatment while staying at the hotel. The nurse should hence consider the presence of emergency transport or care in around the hotel. Cultural limitations may also affect the access to care for the patient while staying at the hospital. For example, among African American cultures, an elderly male should be taken care of by a male care taker (Bamidele et a., 2019). In such a case, the patient maybe limited if there are no male caretakers in the hotel.

Question 2

In conducting health assessment in order to develop a culturally appropriate care plan for Filipino and Chinese American clients, there are several key sets of information that a nurse should collect. First, the nurse must assess the influences of culture on how the people view aging.  For example, cultural differences may define need for help among the elder (Andres & Bolye, 2016). Culture also determines whether an old person seeks traditional healthcare practice or family remedies. For example, among the Chinese there is a simultaneous use of western and traditional health practices such as focusing on the restoration or harmony and balance between the body and spirit (Andres & Bolye, 2016). A nurse should seek to establish whether the patient uses traditional healthcare practices as a result of cultural preference or due to inadequate access to biomedical therapy. Another factor to consider in the assessment is the cultural values in regard to family. Chinese and Filipino tend to live in a family setting made of nuclear and extended families rather than isolated (Miyawaki, 2016). As such, the nurse should enquire about the living situation at home. Unlike non-Hispanic whites, Filipino and Chinese elderly may prefer to live at home with their families than in a home for the elder. Also, due to the relatively limited numbers of Filipinos in the US, a nurse must also seek to understand the patient’s preferences in environment for care. For example, the nurse may try to connect the old adult with other people from his home country. In this case, an understanding of logistics such as the ability to make it to the venue for meeting is relevant.

Question 3

In acute care setting, nurses should understand that the patient’s view of illnesses are influenced by their cultural background. For example, pain is experienced based on the cultural experiences. As such, the nurses should assess each patient’s pain tolerance, past and present experience with pain, effect of pain on their quality of life, and their understanding of what pain means (Andres & Bolye, 2016). The nurses should also assess the patient’s expectations for the treatment of the pain. In the subacute unit, the nurses should seek to understand types of treatment that patients expect for management of pain. Patients may prefer traditional methods for the management of pain which would inform the nurse on the treatment modality to use. For example, Chinese people often prefer massage therapy to pharmacological methods of pain relief (Zhang et al., 2017). After proper assessment, the nurse may opt to integrate the preferred remedies of pain with western medicine to obtain optimum result. However, it is only through proper consultation with the patient that a quality option can be acquired. As such, the nurse manager should impart the skills for assessment of cultural based experience of disease and pain to effectively produce quality result in the subacute care.

References

Andres, A.M. & Bolye, J.S. (2016).  Transcultural Concepts in Nursing Care (7th ed.).  ISBN 978-1-4511-9397-8

Bamidele, O., Lagan, B. M., McGarvey, H., Wittmann, D., & McCaughan, E. (2019). “… It might not have occurred to my husband that this woman, his wife who is taking care of him has some emotional needs as well…”: the unheard voices of partners of Black African and Black Caribbean men with prostate cancer. Supportive Care in Cancer, 27(3), 1089-1097.

Miyawaki, C. E. (2016). Caregiving practice patterns of Asian, Hispanic, and non-Hispanic white American family caregivers of older adults across generations. Journal of cross-cultural gerontology, 31(1), 35-55.

Zhang, B., Xu, H., Wang, J., Liu, B., & Sun, G. (2017). A narrative review of non-operative treatment, especially traditional Chinese medicine therapy, for lumbar intervertebral disc herniation. Bioscience trends, 11(4), 406-417.

Create a presentation addressing all of the following topics:

• For each of the following medications discuss mechanism of action, causes and consequences of noncompliance, and possible solutions for noncompliance.
  • Lasix
  • beta blockers
  • diltiazem
  • digoxin
• Choose four medications that might be used for the treatment of heart failure. Discuss the pathophysiologic mechanism of action for each medication, along with side effects and interactions. What are the consequences of noncompliance with treatment regimens and what patient education is needed?
• In commercials for inhalers containing salmeterol, there is often a warning that it can increase the risk of asthma-related death. Why is this true and how does it happen? Why is this warning heard in commercials for all medications containing salmeterol? What patient education is necessary when prescribing salmeterol inhalers?

This PowerPoint® (Microsoft Office) or Impress® (Open Office) presentation should be a minimum of 20 slides (maximum of 30 slides), including a title, introduction, conclusion and reference slide, with detailed speaker notes and recorded audio comments for all content slides. Use the audio recording feature with the presentation software. Use at least four scholarly sources and make certain to review the module’s rubric before starting your presentation.

TASK

Ethics in Healthcare

Research a historical experiment that impacted or helped shape the development of ethical codes and regulations in healthcare. Do not use the Nazi war crimes or the Tuskegee study since you have already examined those two issues.

·  Discuss the experiment and discuss the rights violated within the study. 

·  Discuss any outcomes or legislature associated with the study. 

·  What type of consent would have been needed to make the study ethical and valid?

To support your work, use your course and text readings and also use resources from the University Online Library. As in all assignments, cite your sources in your work and provide references for the citations in APA format. You may use this APA Citation Helper as a convenient reference for properly citing resources.

APA format. 3 Scholar authors. Please see References.

Scenario: You are the PHN working at your local public health department in the nursing division. It is the middle of summer, and you have been receiving telephone calls asking about “the flu season” since the vaccine wasn’t accurate in predicting the strains of influenza that affected your community last year, and many people contracted the virus. Business and community leaders are concerned because they don’t want a repeat performance of last year. You have been asked to develop some solutions to community concerns. Select two of the following scenarios and respond to the questions that are posed in each. As you consider the scenarios you have selected, think about the following considerations as you develop your responses.
 

1.Which agencies are available to lead and assist in the disaster response?

2.What resources are available in your community?

3.How might resources be used most efficiently?

4.Are there any gaps that may pose a problem?

5.Identify potential strengths and weaknesses in the community

Scenario 1: Imagine that initial pandemic flu cases have been identified in your jurisdiction. Some people are home sick, and others are staying home fearful that they may become infected with the flu. What advice would you give to local business owners to prepare for this event? Name two actions that business owners can take to keep their businesses open.

Scenario 1, Part B. As incidents of influenza continue to rise, local business owners are worried about loss of revenue if several large planned conventions are forced to cancel due to the flu. What advice can you give these business owners? Should all events be cancelled?

Scenario 2: Disease rates are rising, and estimates are that as many as 20% of the population are ill with confirmed influenza. Several businesses have closed and services have been suspended. What advice would you give to local law enforcement officials so they can continue to serve the needs of the people? Describe two actions that law enforcement workers can take to remain on the job. How will the gaps in personnel created by those who are ill be covered by those who are still well? What advice will you give?

Scenario 3: Disease rates are remaining at 20% of the population, and many schools have closed due to teacher absence. Since parents still have to work if they are not sick with the flu, what advice can you give day care providers? What two ideas can you share with them so they can stay open and able to care for the children of working parents? Should all school sporting events be cancelled? What information should parents be given? Should announcements be given daily?

Scenario 4: The numbers of influenza victims has reached 25% of the population. Many of the large grocery stores in your community are short-staffed due to employee sick calls. Shelves are bare since many of the workers are home with the flu, and even if the storeowner could stock the shelves, cashiers are home sick, too. In-store pharmacists are struggling to keep their pharmacies open to serve the public. Consumables like bread and milk are in short supply since many delivery drivers are home sick. What two actions can you recommend to these storeowners so that your community doesn’t suffer? 

Scenario 5: With 25% of the total population sick with influenza, your hospital is short of staff at a time of very high census. While many of the administrative positions are unaffected by illness, at least 40% of the nurses have called in sick or are at home caring for very sick children. Name two recommendations that you can give your hospital administration to keep their services available for the community.

Scenario 6: The community is turning to the Health Department for assistance because reported incidents of influenza have risen from 5% of the population to 10% of the population in a matter of days. What is your first response to this situation? What steps will you take? Where will you start?

References

Stanhope, M., & Lancaster, J. (2016). Public health nursing: Population-centered health care in the community (9th ed.). St. Louis, MO: Elsevier. 

• Chapter 15, “Evidence-Based Practice” (pp. 342–354)
• Chapter 23, “Public Health Nursing Practice and the Disaster Management Cycle” (pp. 503–528)
• Chapter 24, “Public Health Surveillance and Outbreak Investigation” (pp. 529–544)
• Chapter 25, “Program Management” (pp. 545–567)
• Laureate Education (Producer). (2009a). Family, community and population-based care: Emergency preparedness and disaster response in community health nursing [Video file]. Baltimore, MD: Author.