Case 8 – 2025 Reply to the following 2 posts In your reply posts include how the information you learned from your peer s

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Case 8 – 2025

 Reply to the following 2 posts.  In your reply posts, include how the information you learned from your peer’s initial post will help you to provide care to a patient. 

POST 1

 lomerulonephritis

Glomerulonephritis (acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis, APSGN), is a representative form of nephritic disease, that occurs following an infection of streptococcal with strains of group A beta-hemolytic streptococcus. According to the National kidney foundation (2020), there are two types, acute and chronic. (NKF, 2020). I will be focusing this discussion on the acute type APSGN. This occurs following an infection in the upper respiratory tract, middle ear infections or strep throat. Whenever there are infections with strains of streptococcus, the immune response is usually initiated in the kidney. This condition develops 10 days up to two weeks following exposure to the strep strain and occurs in children between the ages of 3-7 years, mostly affecting boys. (Hubert & VanMeter, 2018).

Pathophysiology

When persons become infected with the streptococcal strain, subsequent infections causes the body to form antistreptococcal antibodies, thus creating an antigen-antibody complex (type 3 hypersensitivity reaction). When this occurs, the complement systemin becomes activated, which causes the glomeruli of both kidneys to develop an inflammatory response. The inflammatory responses further leads to increase permeability and cell proliferation, where protein and erythrocytes infiltrates and leak into the system. Immunoglobulin G and C3 becomes present in the glomerular tissue and reduction of the serum C3 is noted. If the inflammatory response is severe, and causes reduction in the filtration of the kidney, the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) will decrease and a build up of waste and fluids will occur in the body. If there is impairment in the blood flow, then acute renal failure can occur, increased renin secretion occurs which cause edema and high blood pressure. When these changes are over a prolonged period, scarring of the kidneys can occur. (Hubert et al, (2018).

Signs and symptoms

Edema of the face and periorbital region, generalized edema, due to the retention of fluid and sodium, and the fall in the osmotic pressure, blood pressure elevated, urine color is dark and cloudy, flank or back pain, oliguria results from the decrease in the GFR, and generalized signs of inflammation such as headache, malaise, anorexia and nausea. (Hubert et al, 2018).

Diagnostic testing

The diagnostic tests are blood test (serum urea, creatinine) these will be elevated. GFR will decrease. Blood levels to measure anti-DNase B, streptococcal antibodies. ASO (antistreptolysin O) and ASK (antistreptokinase) will be elevated. Urinalysis will be done to confirm the presence of protein, hematuria and erythrocyte casts. Serum bicarbonate levels and pH will be done same will be decreased, and metabolic acidosis will be present. The patients complement level will be decreased due to the inflammatory response in the kidneys. (Hubert & VanMeter, 2018).

Treatments

The treatment modality of this condition includes dietary changes, drug intervention, follow up management of this condition. The plan is to reduce the edema, restrict sodium, fluid and protein intake. The patient will be placed on prophylactic antibiotics to prevent future occurrence. Drugs such as glucocorticoids are given to reduce the inflammation and antihypertensives are given to reduce the blood pressure. The patients are tested post recovery to ensure that chronic inflammation is not present. (Hubert & VanMeter, 2018).

Prognosis

The prognosis is good as recovery takes place with minimal residual damage. Children with edema usually see a resolve within 5-10 days and the hypertension decreases in 2-3 weeks. The proteinuria and hematuria can persist for some time. In adult patients, there are a few cases that does not completely resolved, and this can lead to acute renal failure (2%) of cases, chronic glomerulonephritis occurs in 10% of cases, and some patient end up with end stage renal disease and uremia. The aim of having a good prognosis is to prevent future exposure to streptococcal infections that can trigger another inflammatory response and hypersensitivity reaction. (Hubert & VanMeter, 2018).

Impact on NP plan of care (PMHNP)

As a future PMHNP, it would be a great idea to understand the pathophysiological changes that occurs in this condition and the treatment modalities, so that when patients are entrusted in my care, I will be able to maintain effective and efficient treatment of their condition. Understanding the signs and symptoms that the patients present with and being able to perform head to toe assessment so that a baseline can be established to measure intervention and outcomes. Caring for patients with this diagnosis may not be prevalent, however when the NP has a general knowledge of the treatment modalities and the diagnostic testing available, the patient will be able to receive the best care with a positive outcome.
As a PMHNP I must be knowledgeable about this condition, so that the patients in my care can be educated on lifestyle changes and encourage a healthy nutrition. Patient will be encouraged to eat smaller frequent meals, restrict fluids, limit sodium intake, exercise and maintain a healthy weight. Patients will be encouraged to complete medications and to take measures to prevent future exposure to the bacteria responsible. As a PMHNP I would need to be cognizant of the drug reaction that could possible occur and the renal dysfunction on the medication absorption, hence continued monitoring of the kidneys would need to be done. In an article by Fanton et al (2011), the author recommends that since several patients have compromised renal function, psychiatrist will need to collaborate with primary care providers and nephrologist when prescribing psychotropic medications. (Fanton, et al, 2011) 

Utilize atleast two scholarly references APA format

POST 2

 

Acute Renal Failure

 The purpose of this paper is to define Acute Renal Failure. In defining Acute Renal failure, this paper will outline the pathophysiology of the disease, diagnostics, treatment plans, and prognosis. Additionally, this paper will look at the impact this diagnosis on the APRNs plan of care for the patient. Generalizations will be used, where appropriate, as this paper is intended to be an overview.

Pathophysiology

 The kidneys play a crucial role in homeostasis. The body contains two kidneys, each about the size of a fist and are located on the posterior abdominal wall on each side of the spine. Normal kidney function removes metabolic wastes, hormones, drugs, and foreign materials from the body. The kidneys are also responsible for the regulation of water, electrolytes, and the acid-base balance. Other important functions of the kidney include the production of erythropoietin for red blood cell production, activation of Vitamin D, and the stabilization of the blood pressure cardiovascular system through renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (Hurbert & VanMeter, 2018).

            Multiple significant functional responsibilities leave multiple avenues in which something may go wrong. Acute renal failure (ARF), also known most recently as Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), is an abrupt decline in the function of the kidney reducing the ability of the kidney to filter out toxins. This inability to filter greatly reduces the kidneys glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and results in elevated metabolic waste, creatinine, and serum blood urea nitrogen (BUN) (Okusa & Rosner, 2019). Causes of adult AKI include prolonged exposure to nephrotoxins such as drugs, chemicals, or other toxins that cause tubule necrosis and obstruction, mechanical obstruction such as blood clots, renal calculi, or tumors, heart failure or circulatory shock. The cause of AKI in shock differs depending on the type of shock experienced. Lastly, kidney disease exacerbation causing significant decline in the GFR (Hurbert & VanMeter, 2018).

            An infant, or neonate, is more vulnerable to AKI than an adult due to their developmental and functional immaturity of the kidney. This immaturity effects the tubular function, glomerular filtration, hemodynamic changes at delivery, and the risk of hypovolemia due to large insensible water losses. Eighty-five percent of neonatal AKI cases arise from inadequate perfusion, 11% from intrarenal pathology, and 3% from obstruction (Mattoo, 2019).

Diagnostic Testing

 Diagnostic testing differs as well when diagnosis AKI in an adult versus a neonate. In a neonate, differential factors include gestational age and postnatal age. Because of this the gold standard for measuring the GFR in a neonate is through the creatinine clearance measurements of serum creatinine (SCr) (Mattoo, 2019). Other diagnostic assessment tools include measurement of blood pressure and hydration status assessment for hyper/hypovolemia. Hydration assessments include weight monitoring and signs of heart failure such as edema and tachypnea (Mattoo, 2019).

A urinalysis would be inconclusive for a neonate when assessing renal failure, however, is a beneficial tool for assessment of an adult. In conjunction with patient history, physical exam, and serum chemistries, a urinalysis will play a significant role in identifying AKI (Wald, 2020). A urine protein level is one aspect in which the urine identifies kidney injury. When kidneys are damaged protein leaks into urine and can be an early sign indicator. A urinalysis will also identify the specific gravity which measures the ability of the tubules to concentrate urine. Assuming a patient is properly hydrated, the specific gravity will be very low in the presence of renal failure (Hubert & VanMeter, 2018).

 Serum chemistries include serum Creatinine, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and GFR. Creatinine is a muscle metabolism waste product excreted by the kidneys. The increase in creatinine is a sign the kidneys are not functioning properly. Blood urea nitrogen is a waste production in blood that comes from protein breakdown of ingested food and body metabolism. The BUN level will rise in AKI. The GFR marks kidney function and is estimated from the SCr. A level below 15 is indicative of AKI (National Kidney Foundation, 2020).

Treatments

 Treatment includes identifying and rectifying root cause of injury. This may take place in an emergency setting or in primary care depending on the patient’s clinical presentation and root cause. It is important to reverse the cause of ARI as quickly as possible to avoid necrosis and permanent damage to the kidneys (Hubert & VanMeter, 2018). In both the adult and neonate general management would include fluid management, electrolyte management, nutritional support, and adjustments to drug therapy as the directed therapy should be based on the etiology of the AKI (Mattoo, 2019). Dialysis may be one method of treatment that can be used acutely until the kidneys are able to return to normal function (Hubert & VanMeter, 2018).

Prognosis

 In neonates, AKI increases the risk for morbidity and mortality, especially in infants with low birth weight or other underlying conditions that may tax the kidneys such as cardiac complications. Prevention is key but also challenging. Preventative measures would involve adjusting medications to avoid medications excreted though the kidneys. Additionally, avoid medications that are toxic to the kidneys. Avoid hypovolemia by making sure the neonate is properly hydrated with balanced electrolytes, reduce fluid intake when appropriate and monitor serum levels, such as SCr, routinely (Mattoo, 2019). Any intervention towards correction and intervention are beneficial for a more positive prognosis.

            Kidney health outcome is determined by the cumulation of many factors. The duration of the AKI directly impacts the prognosis as the increased length and severity of the AKI may cause irreversible damage. The degree to which the kidneys recover from initial attack plays as role in prognosis, more so if recurrent attacks present. Recurrent AKI, which is noted to occur within 12 months of prior injury, decreases the kidneys ability to fully recover to the established baseline prior to attack. Recurrent attacks increase risk of chronic kidney disease and death. A variety of other factors play a role in patient prognosis. These factors include sex, age, and other comorbidities such as heart failure, diabetes, or chronic hypertension (Liangos & Bertrand, 2020).         

Impact on NP Plan of Care

 In any plan of care for a patient, the goal is to prevent injury and illness. Predetermining risk factors for AKI such as HTN, cardiac disease, and diabetes need to be taken into consideration when treating a patient. Knowing these conditions increase risk the APRN may decide a different course of medications to reduce kidney exposure. Additionally, educating the patient on the disease processes and how they may affect other systems in the body will also be a critical part of the plan of care for prevention.

            Once AKI has occurred, it will be imperative that the APRN identifies the causative factor and rectifies this as to prevention or reduce likelihood of recurrent AKI and also to expedite recovery and reduce kidney injury. This is true in both the adult and neonatal patient. Early intervention leads to reduced long-term effects and could prevent recurrent injury. It is also important for the APRN to modify a plan of care once an AKI has occurred as patients who recovery form AKI may not return to their initial baseline of function. This is likely in patients over the age of 65. If a patient has an AKI and is hospitalized, the APRN in the primary setting will need to be reevaluated within three months to determine resolution (Liangos & Bertrand, 2020).

Utilize atleast two scholarly refernces APA format

Nursing Discussion – 2025 To support your work use your course and text readings and also use resources from the University Online Library

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Nursing Discussion – 2025

To support your work, use your course and text readings and also use resources from the  University Online Library. As in all assignments, cite your sources in your work and provide references for the citations in APA format. You may use this APA Citation Helper as a convenient reference for properly citing resources or connect to the APA Style website through the APA icon below.

TASK

Post your initial response to one of the two topics below.

Topic 1

Staff Education

  • a. Create a lesson about cultural diversity in the workforce.
  • b. Explain how you would motivate your audience. 
  • c. Discuss potential barriers to learning.

Topic 2

  • Patient Education
  • a. Create a lesson pertaining to caring for a patient with COPD who is from another culture. 
  • b. Discuss potential barriers and solutions

c. Address learning evaluation methods.

Discussion Post – 2025 Big Data Risks and Rewards When you wake in the morning you may reach for your cell phone to

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Discussion Post – 2025

  

Big Data Risks and Rewards

When you wake in the morning, you may reach for your cell phone to reply to a few text or email messages that you missed overnight. On your drive to work, you may stop to refuel your car. Upon your arrival, you might swipe a key card at the door to gain entrance to the facility. And before finally reaching your workstation, you may stop by the cafeteria to purchase a coffee.

From the moment you wake, you are in fact a data-generation machine. Each use of your phone, every transaction you make using a debit or credit card, even your entrance to your place of work, creates data. It begs the question: How much data do you generate each day? Many studies have been conducted on this, and the numbers are staggering: Estimates suggest that nearly 1 million bytes of data are generated every second for every person on earth.

As the volume of data increases, information professionals have looked for ways to use big data—large, complex sets of data that require specialized approaches to use effectively. Big data has the potential for significant rewards—and significant risks—to healthcare. In this Discussion, you will consider these risks and rewards.

To Prepare:

· Review the Resources and reflect on the web article Big Data Means Big Potential, Challenges for Nurse Execs.

· Reflect on your own experience with complex health information access and management and consider potential challenges and risks you may have experienced or observed.

By Day 3 of Week 4

Post a description of at least one potential benefit of using big data as part of a clinical system and explain why. Then, describe at least one potential challenge or risk of using big data as part of a clinical system and explain why. Propose at least one strategy you have experienced, observed, or researched that may effectively mitigate the challenges or risks of using big data you described. Be specific and provide examples.

Power Point Presentation, Similarities Less 5%, APA – 2025 Please Find an APRN Protocol contract negotiation and do a Presentation Here are the instructions for this assignment Students

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Power Point Presentation, Similarities Less 5%, APA – 2025

Please Find an “APRN Protocol contract negotiation” and do  a Presentation

Here are the instructions for this assignment:

Students will develop a PowerPoint with no more o 6 slides explaining the part of a APRN protocol or contract negotiation.

The student will obtain a copy of the contract  from preceptor or the internet and will demonstrated with examples their understanding of contract development.

Nurs510 – 2025 Reply1 Collapse Hilary Clinton once said We need a cost effective high quality health care system guaranteeing

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Nurs510 – 2025

Reply1

Collapse          

Hilary Clinton once said, “We need a cost-effective, high quality health care system, guaranteeing health care to all of our people as a right” There are a set of resources that govern the body of our health care delivery system. Some of the sectors of the system include protocols, standard care of delivery and policies.

Protocols are a set of rules governed by nursing practice by the state or federal level, it allows providers to maintain quality services and educate staff (Heymann, 1994). Policy is the agreement, contract, that describes all terms and conditions to meet the need of people (Mason, et al, 2017). Standard of care is a collective body of knowledge required for the nurse to know and sets minimum criteria for proficient practice (IMC, 2003).

Policies at the federal level are set to regulate and maintain on influencing nursing and nursing practice, they also determine who gets funding for specific programs, such as health research, education, and Medicare or Medicaid programs (Mason, et al, 2017). States determine their own scope of nursing practice and govern their own practice act (Mason, et al, 2017). Collectively, State and federal level determine regulations under government programs such as Medicare. In essence the resources all provide balance to the health care delivery system; Protocols, Policies, Standard delivery of care, are key to quality health care delivery.

The healthcare delivery system is responsible to deliver quality care to patients, such as hospitals, outpatient clinics, insurance plans, purchasers of health care services and independent practices (IMC, 2003). Delivery systems are either private sector, nonprofit or for profit. Perceptions of the patient, provider, payer and policy maker differ in a health care delivery system. The patient assumes to receive quality care, access to care and affordability. Providers must deliver quality health care services in efforts to maintain payments from insurers and contracted services. Payers such as insurance companies, is a business that shifts the risk of loss from an individual to a third party (Austin, 2017). Since the cost of health care has increased, there are developed plans that help Americans pay for health care  services. Payers pay the provider under contract agreement. Policy makers help control and regulate government funds and create polices that meet the need of citizens. Overall, the resources of health care delivery systems maintain and address the needs of health care demands and provide patient centered care.

Reply2

Our healthcare system is shaped by regulations in the form of protocols, standards of care, and policies. Protocols at the practice level constitute a set of instructions to guide patient care decisions and define specific management plans (Brunier, n.d.). Protocols at the state level define activities and set guidelines according to the states’ legislation. At the federal level, protocols relate to the national matters and negotiations. Standards of care provide definition to the nursing role and practice. These standards delineate specific guidelines to deliver care in each state, and they provide the foundation to set federal laws and regulations. CDC (2015) defines a policy as a law, regulation, procedure, administrative action, incentive, or voluntary practice. A health policy reflects the values, beliefs, and attitudes of those designing the policy, whether on the local or national stage; moreover, policies can be narrowed to the scope of a practitioner’s work responsibilities or they can be expanded to respond to the state/national guidelines or requirements for practice (Brinkmann, 2018). 

Patients, providers, payers, and policy makers have different perspectives of the healthcare delivery system. While patients focus on treatment success, payers are interested in healthcare costs and coverage, providers are interested in healthcare outcomes and care provision, and policy makers deal with healthcare quality and access to care. Policymakers’ work is based on the rest of the stakeholders (patients, providers, and payers). Policymakers set the context within which the health care system operates; help establishing eligible beneficiaries and patients’ costs; maximize population health; and establish regulations regarding who can legally provide health services within their jurisdiction (Ritz, Althauser, & Wilson, 2014). 

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Click Ok to save the incomplete answer.’;     JS_RESOURCES[‘common.list.separator.comma’] = ‘{0}, {1}’;     JS_RESOURCES[‘active.filter.search.terms’] = ‘Search Terms’;     JS_RESOURCES[‘validation.points.decimal.places.error.location’] = ‘Point Values are limited to 5 decimal places: {0}.’;     JS_RESOURCES[‘validation.maximum_length.plural’] = ‘Must not contain more than {1} characters: {0}.nReduce the size of the input by {2} characters.’;     JS_RESOURCES[‘assessment.incomplete.confirm.backtrackProhibited’] = ‘The following questions may be incomplete:n {0}nClick cancel to return to the test. Click Ok to save the incomplete answer.’;     JS_RESOURCES[‘validation.multiSelect.minItems’] = ‘Multiselect box should contain at least {0} number of items.’;     JS_RESOURCES[‘validation.cmp_field.required’] = ‘A value must be provided for {0}nwhen {1} field is not empty’;     JS_RESOURCES[‘warning.email’] = ‘Email address is a recommended field. Users will be unable to use parts of the system without an email address.’;     JS_RESOURCES[‘validation.maximum_length.no_name.singular’] = ‘Must not contain more than {0} characters.nReduce the size of the input by one character.’;     JS_RESOURCES[‘validation.multiSelect.maxItems’] = ‘Multiselect box should not contain more than {0} number of items.’;     JS_RESOURCES[‘validation.number’] = ‘A valid numeric value must be entered: {0}.’;     JS_RESOURCES[‘validation.date.required’] = ‘A complete date value must be provided: {0}.’;     JS_RESOURCES[‘portalmodule.section.remove’] = ‘Delete: {0}?’;     JS_RESOURCES[‘show.helptext’] = ‘Show Help Text’;     JS_RESOURCES[‘validation.password’] = ‘Password cannot be empty or contain only spaces.’;     JS_RESOURCES[‘validation.percent’] = ‘A valid percent value between 0 and 100 must be entered.’;     JS_RESOURCES[‘validation.mismatch’] = ‘The values entered do not match: {0}.nConfirm: {0}.’;     JS_RESOURCES[‘validation.maximum_length.no_name.plural’] = ‘Must not contain more than {0} characters.nReduce the size of the input by {1} characters.’;     JS_RESOURCES[‘validation.invalid_value’] = ‘Invalid numeric value provided: {0}.’;     JS_RESOURCES[‘field_name.substitute’] = ”'{0}” input field’;     JS_RESOURCES[‘validation.required’] = ‘A value must be provided: {0}.’;     JS_RESOURCES[‘active.filter.free.form.text.blank’] = ‘Specify a value for the search text field’;     JS_RESOURCES[‘validate.alignment.missing.content’] = ‘You selected alignments but did not select any alignable content to copy.’;     JS_RESOURCES[‘validation.system_role.reserve’] = ‘”bb” is not permitted at the beginning of a role ID.’;     JS_RESOURCES[‘validation.date_past’] = ‘The end date cannot be earlier than the start date.’;     JS_RESOURCES[‘validation.invalid_chars’] = ‘Contains illegal characters: {0}.nDelete these characters: {1}’;     JS_RESOURCES[‘confirm.delete_item_value’] = ‘This item {0} will be deleted. Continue?’;     JS_RESOURCES[‘hide.helptext’] = ‘Hide Help Text’;     JS_RESOURCES[‘validate.range.lessthen.str’] = ‘Less Than {0}’;     JS_RESOURCES[‘validation.date_past.confirm’] = ‘The time is in the past.nContinue with this time?’;     JS_RESOURCES[‘validate.login.invalid.username.or.pass’] = ‘Enter a username and password.’;     JS_RESOURCES[‘validation.negative’] = ‘A valid non-negative value must be entered: {0}.’;     JS_RESOURCES[‘validation.url’] = ‘A valid URL (for example, http://www.myschool.edu) must be entered.’;     JS_RESOURCES[‘validate.range.overlap’] = ‘criteria ({0}) overlaps criteria ({1}).’;     JS_RESOURCES[‘validate.range.between.str’] = ‘Between {0} and {1}’;     JS_RESOURCES[‘validation.portal.tool.items.remove’] = ‘Delete: {0}?’;     JS_RESOURCES[‘validation.association.refresh.confirm’] = ‘The associated items information might have been updated.nClick ‘OK’ to refresh the list or click ‘Cancel’ to keep the current page.’;     JS_RESOURCES[‘validate.enrolloptions.error.codeconflict’] = ‘The Access Code Enrollment option conflicts with the selection of {instructor} Led enrollment.’;     JS_RESOURCES[‘validation.points.decimal.places’] = ‘Point Values are limited to 5 decimal places.’;     JS_RESOURCES[‘validation.option.required’] = ‘At least one option must be selected from the list.’;     JS_RESOURCES[‘list.checkToSelectAllItems’] = ‘Check to select all items’;     JS_RESOURCES[‘active.filter.changed.alert’] = ‘criteria now contains’;     JS_RESOURCES[‘vtbe.artifact.footer.validate.nameIfSaveArtifact’] = ‘Specify a Name in order to Save as a Reusable Object.’;     JS_RESOURCES[‘validate.invalidate.number’] = ‘Please input valid number instead of {0}.’;     JS_RESOURCES[‘validation.valid_course_id’] = ‘Course id contains illegal characters or multibyte characters.’;     JS_RESOURCES[‘assessment.incomplete.confirm’] = ‘The following questions may be incomplete:n {0}nClick cancel to return to the test. Click Ok to submit assessment.’;     JS_RESOURCES[‘validate.enrolloptions.error.nooption’] = ‘Warning: Choose either the {instructor} Led or the Self-Enrollment option.’;     JS_RESOURCES[‘validation.date_equal’] = ‘The start date cannot be equal to the end date.’;     JS_RESOURCES[‘validation.cmp_field.rejected’] = ‘The {0} cannot be used without a corresponding {1} value.’;     JS_RESOURCES[‘validation.time.required’] = ‘A complete time value must be provided: {0}.’;     JS_RESOURCES[‘validation.integer_number’] = ‘A valid integer numeric value must be entered: {0}.’;     JS_RESOURCES[‘validation.maximum_length’] = ‘Must not contain more than 255 characters’;     JS_RESOURCES[‘validate.enrolloptions.error.emailrequestconflict’] = ‘The selected email enrollment option conflicts with the self-enrollment selection.’;     JS_RESOURCES[‘invalid_char.space’] = ‘space’;     JS_RESOURCES[‘validate.range.morethen.str’] = ‘More Than {0}’;     JS_RESOURCES[‘notification.submit’] = ‘Action already submitted.nWait until the action is complete.’;     JS_RESOURCES[‘validation.plain_text.confirm’] = ‘To display equations correctly in this document, Smart Text or HTML format must be selected.nClick ‘OK’ to save in selected Plain Text format or click ‘Cancel’ to select a new format.’;     JS_RESOURCES[‘invalid_char.comma’] = ‘comma’;     JS_RESOURCES[‘validation.allow_negtive.percent’] = ‘A valid percent value between -100 and 100 must be entered.’;     JS_RESOURCES[‘confirm.remove_item’] = ‘This action is final and cannot be undone. Continue?’;     JS_RESOURCES[‘list.uncheckToDeselectAllItems’] = ‘Uncheck to deselect all items’;     JS_RESOURCES[‘validation.maximum_length.singular’] = ‘Must not contain more than {1} characters: {0}.nReduce the size of the input by one character.’;     JS_RESOURCES[‘validation.rubric.decimalplaces’] = ‘Too many decimal places. Maximum is 5.’;     JS_RESOURCES[‘validation.minimum_length’] = ‘A minimum of {0} characters must be entered: {1}.’;     JS_RESOURCES[‘vtbe.artifact.footer.validate.saveLocationIfSaveArtifact’] = ‘Specify a location for the Reusable Object.’;     JS_RESOURCES[‘assessment.incomplete.confirm.survey’] = ‘The following questions may be incomplete:n {0}nClick cancel to return to the survey. Click Ok to submit assessment.’;     JS_RESOURCES[‘validation.image_type’] = ‘Unknown image type: {0}. Image may not display correctly.’;     JS_RESOURCES[‘validate.invalidate.number.space’] = ‘Space’;      JS_RESOURCES.getString = i18n_get_string;     JS_RESOURCES.getFormattedString = i18n_get_formatted_string;  }  _init_bundle_JS_RESOURCES();     var LOCALE_SETTINGS = new Object();  function _init_bundle_LOCALE_SETTINGS() {      LOCALE_SETTINGS[‘LOCALE_SETTINGS.ADDRESS_FIELD_ORDER’] = ‘STREET_1 STREET_2 CITY STATE ZIP_CODE COUNTRY’;     LOCALE_SETTINGS[‘number_format.exponent’] = ‘eE’;     LOCALE_SETTINGS[‘LOCALE_SETTINGS.NAME.COLUMN.2’] = ‘{1}’;     LOCALE_SETTINGS[‘LOCALE_SETTINGS.YEAR_CHARACTER.03255’] = ”;     LOCALE_SETTINGS[‘BBI18N.SOLARIS_CHARSET’] = ‘ISO8859-1’;     LOCALE_SETTINGS[‘LOCALE_SETTINGS.NAME.COLUMN.1’] = ‘{0}’;     LOCALE_SETTINGS[‘LOCALE_SETTINGS.CALENDAR_COLUMN_FORMAT_MONTH.03255’] = ‘ddd’;     LOCALE_SETTINGS[‘LOCALE_SETTINGS.internal_date_format’] = ‘MM/dd/yy’;     LOCALE_SETTINGS[‘LOCALE_SETTINGS.CALENDAR_TITLE_FORMAT_MONTH.03259’] = ‘MMMM yyyy’;     LOCALE_SETTINGS[‘LOCALE_SETTINGS.TIME_ORDER.00519’] = ‘HMP’;     LOCALE_SETTINGS[‘float.format’] = ‘^(([0-9]{1,3}(\,[0-9]{3})*)|[0-9]*)(\.[0-9]+)?$’;     LOCALE_SETTINGS[‘LOCALE_SETTINGS.NAME.SORT_COLUMN’] = ‘familyName’;     LOCALE_SETTINGS[‘LOCALE_SETTINGS.SHORT’] = ‘{1} {3}’;     LOCALE_SETTINGS[‘LOCALE_SETTINGS.DAY_SHORT.02097’] = ‘SUN MON TUE WED THU FRI SAT’;     LOCALE_SETTINGS[‘float.allow.negative.format’] = ‘^((([-]?[0-9]{1,3}(\,[0-9]{3})*)|[-]?[0-9]*)(\.[0-9]+)?|\.[0-9]+)?$’;     LOCALE_SETTINGS[‘LOCALE_SETTINGS.CALENDAR_TYPE’] = ‘GREGORIAN’;     LOCALE_SETTINGS[‘LOCALE_SETTINGS.GIVEN_INITIAL_FAMILY_NAME’] = ‘{4} {3}’;     LOCALE_SETTINGS[‘efloat.format’] = ‘^[+-]?[0-9]*(\.[0-9]+)?([eE][+-]?[0-9]+)?$’;     LOCALE_SETTINGS[‘LOCALE_SETTINGS.CALENDAR_TITLE_FORMAT_WEEK.03260’] = ‘MMM d[ yyyy]{ ‘&#8212;'[ MMM] d yyyy}’;     LOCALE_SETTINGS[‘LOCALE_SETTINGS.MONTH_FULL.02100’] = ‘January February March April May June July August September October November December’;     LOCALE_SETTINGS[‘LOCALE_SETTINGS.NUMBERS_HIJRI_LOCALIZED.00521’] = ‘NO’;     LOCALE_SETTINGS[‘LOCALE_SETTINGS.LONG’] = ‘{0} {1} {2} {3}’;     LOCALE_SETTINGS[‘LOCALE_SETTINGS.WORK_FIELD_ORDER’] = ‘JOB_TITLE DEPARTMENT COMPANY B_PHONE_1 B_PHONE_2 B_FAX’;     LOCALE_SETTINGS[‘LOCALE_SETTINGS.MONTH_FULL_HIJRI.02100’] = ‘Muḥarram,Ṣafar,Rabīʿ’al-Awwal,Rabīʿ’ath-Thānī,Jumādā’al-Ūlā,Jumādā’ath-Thāniya,Rajab,Shaʿbān,Ramaḍān,Shawwāl,Dhū’al-Qaʿda,Dhū’al-Ḥijja’;     LOCALE_SETTINGS[‘LOCALE_SETTINGS.GREETING’] = ‘Welcome, {1}’;     LOCALE_SETTINGS[‘LOCALE_SETTINGS.MONTH_SHORT.00520’] = ‘Jan Feb  Mar Apr  May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec’;     LOCALE_SETTINGS[‘number_format.thousands_sep’] = ‘,’;     LOCALE_SETTINGS[‘LOCALE_SETTINGS.CALENDAR_COLUMN_FORMAT_WEEK.03256’] = ‘ddd M/d’;     LOCALE_SETTINGS[‘LOCALE_SETTINGS.SHORT_SURNAME’] = ‘{3}, {1}’;     LOCALE_SETTINGS[‘LOCALE_SETTINGS.AM_PM.00522’] = ‘AM PM’;     LOCALE_SETTINGS[‘number_format.negative_prefix’] = ‘-‘;     LOCALE_SETTINGS[‘LOCALE_SETTINGS.DATE_ORDER.00519’] = ‘MDY’;     LOCALE_SETTINGS[‘LOCALE_SETTINGS.PHONE_FIELD_ORDER’] = ‘H_PHONE_1 H_PHONE_2 H_FAX M_PHONE’;     LOCALE_SETTINGS[‘LOCALE_SETTINGS.DAY_MIN.02099’] = ‘Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa’;     LOCALE_SETTINGS[‘LOCALE_SETTINGS.24HR_SUPPORT.03208’] = ‘0’;     LOCALE_SETTINGS[‘LOCALE_SETTINGS.FIRST_DAY_OF_WEEK.03207’] = ‘0’;     LOCALE_SETTINGS[‘BBI18N.WINDOWS_CHARSET’] = ‘ISO-8859-1’;     LOCALE_SETTINGS[‘LOCALE_SETTINGS.MONTH_SHORT_HIJRI.00520’] = ‘Muḥarram,Ṣafar,Rabīʿ’I,Rabīʿ’II,Jumādā’I,Jumādā’II,Rajab,Shaʿbān,Ramaḍān,Shawwāl,Dhū’al-Qaʿda,Dhū’al-Ḥijja’;     LOCALE_SETTINGS[‘BBI18N.LINUX_CHARSET’] = ‘iso88591’;     LOCALE_SETTINGS[‘LOCALE_SETTINGS.DAY_CHARACTER.03253’] = ”;     LOCALE_SETTINGS[‘LOCALE_SETTINGS.MONTH_CHARACTER.03254’] = ”;     LOCALE_SETTINGS[‘LOCALE_SETTINGS.NAME.COLUMN_ORDER’] = ‘title,givenName,middleName,familyName,suffix,otherName’;     LOCALE_SETTINGS[‘number_format.decimal_point’] = ‘.’;     LOCALE_SETTINGS[‘LOCALE_SETTINGS.CALENDAR_TITLE_FORMAT_DAY.03258’] = ‘dddd, MMM d, yyyy’;     LOCALE_SETTINGS[‘LOCALE_SETTINGS.DAYS.00521′] = ’01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31’;     LOCALE_SETTINGS[‘LOCALE_SETTINGS.DAY_FULL.02098’] = ‘Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday’;     LOCALE_SETTINGS[‘LOCALE_SETTINGS.date_display_pattern’] = ‘MM/DD/YY’;     LOCALE_SETTINGS[‘LOCALE_SETTINGS.EXTENDED_SURNAME’] = ‘{3}’;     LOCALE_SETTINGS[‘thousand.sep.format’] = ‘,’;     LOCALE_SETTINGS[‘LOCALE_SETTINGS.NUMBERS_HIJRI.00521’] = ‘0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9’;     LOCALE_SETTINGS[‘LOCALE_SETTINGS.ADDRESS_ORDER.07832’] = ‘street,city,region,postal_code,country’;     LOCALE_SETTINGS[‘number_format.negative_suffix’] = ”;     LOCALE_SETTINGS[‘LOCALE_SETTINGS.CALENDAR_COLUMN_FORMAT_DAY.03257’] = ‘dddd M/d’;      LOCALE_SETTINGS.getString = i18n_get_string;     LOCALE_SETTINGS.getFormattedString = i18n_get_formatted_string;  }  _init_bundle_LOCALE_SETTINGS();     var LOCALE_SETTINGS = new Object();  function _init_bundle_LOCALE_SETTINGS() {      LOCALE_SETTINGS[‘LOCALE_SETTINGS.ADDRESS_FIELD_ORDER’] = ‘STREET_1 STREET_2 CITY STATE ZIP_CODE COUNTRY’;     LOCALE_SETTINGS[‘number_format.exponent’] = ‘eE’;     LOCALE_SETTINGS[‘LOCALE_SETTINGS.NAME.COLUMN.2’] = ‘{1}’;     LOCALE_SETTINGS[‘LOCALE_SETTINGS.YEAR_CHARACTER.03255’] = ”;     LOCALE_SETTINGS[‘BBI18N.SOLARIS_CHARSET’] = ‘ISO8859-1’;     LOCALE_SETTINGS[‘LOCALE_SETTINGS.NAME.COLUMN.1’] = ‘{0}’;     LOCALE_SETTINGS[‘LOCALE_SETTINGS.CALENDAR_COLUMN_FORMAT_MONTH.03255’] = ‘ddd’;     LOCALE_SETTINGS[‘LOCALE_SETTINGS.internal_date_format’] = ‘MM/dd/yy’;     LOCALE_SETTINGS[‘LOCALE_SETTINGS.CALENDAR_TITLE_FORMAT_MONTH.03259’] = ‘MMMM yyyy’;     LOCALE_SETTINGS[‘LOCALE_SETTINGS.TIME_ORDER.00519’] = ‘HMP’;     LOCALE_SETTINGS[‘float.format’] = ‘^(([0-9]{1,3}(\,[0-9]{3})*)|[0-9]*)(\.[0-9]+)?$’;     LOCALE_SETTINGS[‘LOCALE_SETTINGS.NAME.SORT_COLUMN’] = ‘familyName’;     LOCALE_SETTINGS[‘LOCALE_SETTINGS.SHORT’] = ‘{1} {3}’;     LOCALE_SETTINGS[‘LOCALE_SETTINGS.DAY_SHORT.02097’] = ‘SUN MON TUE WED THU FRI SAT’;     LOCALE_SETTINGS[‘float.allow.negative.format’] = ‘^((([-]?[0-9]{1,3}(\,[0-9]{3})*)|[-]?[0-9]*)(\.[0-9]+)?|\.[0-9]+)?$’;     LOCALE_SETTINGS[‘LOCALE_SETTINGS.CALENDAR_TYPE’] = ‘GREGORIAN’;     LOCALE_SETTINGS[‘LOCALE_SETTINGS.GIVEN_INITIAL_FAMILY_NAME’] = ‘{4} {3}’;     LOCALE_SETTINGS[‘efloat.format’] = ‘^[+-]?[0-9]*(\.[0-9]+)?([eE][+-]?[0-9]+)?$’;     LOCALE_SETTINGS[‘LOCALE_SETTINGS.CALENDAR_TITLE_FORMAT_WEEK.03260’] = ‘MMM d[ yyyy]{ ‘&#8212;'[ MMM] d yyyy}’;     LOCALE_SETTINGS[‘LOCALE_SETTINGS.MONTH_FULL.02100’] = ‘January February March April May June July August September October November December’;     LOCALE_SETTINGS[‘LOCALE_SETTINGS.NUMBERS_HIJRI_LOCALIZED.00521’] = ‘NO’;     LOCALE_SETTINGS[‘LOCALE_SETTINGS.LONG’] = ‘{0} {1} {2} {3}’;     LOCALE_SETTINGS[‘LOCALE_SETTINGS.WORK_FIELD_ORDER’] = ‘JOB_TITLE DEPARTMENT COMPANY B_PHONE_1 B_PHONE_2 B_FAX’;     LOCALE_SETTINGS[‘LOCALE_SETTINGS.MONTH_FULL_HIJRI.02100’] = ‘Muḥarram,Ṣafar,Rabīʿ’al-Awwal,Rabīʿ’ath-Thānī,Jumādā’al-Ūlā,Jumādā’ath-Thāniya,Rajab,Shaʿbān,Ramaḍān,Shawwāl,Dhū’al-Qaʿda,Dhū’al-Ḥijja’;     LOCALE_SETTINGS[‘LOCALE_SETTINGS.GREETING’] = ‘Welcome, {1}’;     LOCALE_SETTINGS[‘LOCALE_SETTINGS.MONTH_SHORT.00520’] = ‘Jan Feb  Mar Apr  May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec’;     LOCALE_SETTINGS[‘number_format.thousands_sep’] = ‘,’;     LOCALE_SETTINGS[‘LOCALE_SETTINGS.CALENDAR_COLUMN_FORMAT_WEEK.03256’] = ‘ddd M/d’;     LOCALE_SETTINGS[‘LOCALE_SETTINGS.SHORT_SURNAME’] = ‘{3}, {1}’;     LOCALE_SETTINGS[‘LOCALE_SETTINGS.AM_PM.00522’] = ‘AM PM’;     LOCALE_SETTINGS[‘number_format.negative_prefix’] = ‘-‘;     LOCALE_SETTINGS[‘LOCALE_SETTINGS.DATE_ORDER.00519’] = ‘MDY’;     LOCALE_SETTINGS[‘LOCALE_SETTINGS.PHONE_FIELD_ORDER’] = ‘H_PHONE_1 H_PHONE_2 H_FAX M_PHONE’;     LOCALE_SETTINGS[‘LOCALE_SETTINGS.DAY_MIN.02099’] = ‘Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa’;     LOCALE_SETTINGS[‘LOCALE_SETTINGS.24HR_SUPPORT.03208’] = ‘0’;     LOCALE_SETTINGS[‘LOCALE_SETTINGS.FIRST_DAY_OF_WEEK.03207’] = ‘0’;     LOCALE_SETTINGS[‘BBI18N.WINDOWS_CHARSET’] = ‘ISO-8859-1’;     LOCALE_SETTINGS[‘LOCALE_SETTINGS.MONTH_SHORT_HIJRI.00520’] = ‘Muḥarram,Ṣafar,Rabīʿ’I,Rabīʿ’II,Jumādā’I,Jumādā’II,Rajab,Shaʿbān,Ramaḍān,Shawwāl,Dhū’al-Qaʿda,Dhū’al-Ḥijja’;     LOCALE_SETTINGS[‘BBI18N.LINUX_CHARSET’] = ‘iso88591’;     LOCALE_SETTINGS[‘LOCALE_SETTINGS.DAY_CHARACTER.03253’] = ”;     LOCALE_SETTINGS[‘LOCALE_SETTINGS.MONTH_CHARACTER.03254’] = ”;     LOCALE_SETTINGS[‘LOCALE_SETTINGS.NAME.COLUMN_ORDER’] = ‘title,givenName,middleName,familyName,suffix,otherName’;     LOCALE_SETTINGS[‘number_format.decimal_point’] = ‘.’;     LOCALE_SETTINGS[‘LOCALE_SETTINGS.CALENDAR_TITLE_FORMAT_DAY.03258’] = ‘dddd, MMM d, yyyy’;     LOCALE_SETTINGS[‘LOCALE_SETTINGS.DAYS.00521′] = ’01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31’;     LOCALE_SETTINGS[‘LOCALE_SETTINGS.DAY_FULL.02098’] = ‘Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday’;     LOCALE_SETTINGS[‘LOCALE_SETTINGS.date_display_pattern’] = ‘MM/DD/YY’;     LOCALE_SETTINGS[‘LOCALE_SETTINGS.EXTENDED_SURNAME’] = ‘{3}’;     LOCALE_SETTINGS[‘thousand.sep.format’] = ‘,’;     LOCALE_SETTINGS[‘LOCALE_SETTINGS.NUMBERS_HIJRI.00521’] = ‘0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9’;     LOCALE_SETTINGS[‘LOCALE_SETTINGS.ADDRESS_ORDER.07832’] = ‘street,city,region,postal_code,country’;     LOCALE_SETTINGS[‘number_format.negative_suffix’] = ”;     LOCALE_SETTINGS[‘LOCALE_SETTINGS.CALENDAR_COLUMN_FORMAT_DAY.03257’] = ‘dddd M/d’;      LOCALE_SETTINGS.getString = i18n_get_string;     LOCALE_SETTINGS.getFormattedString = i18n_get_formatted_string;  }  _init_bundle_LOCALE_SETTINGS();                           iframe.kloudless-modal,iframe.kloudless-modal-dropzone{display:block;box-sizing:border-box;position:fixed;top:50%;left:50%;width:700px;height:515px;margin-top:-250px;margin-left:-350px;border:solid 0 #666;border-radius:2px;box-shadow:0 0 10px rgba(0,0,0,0.4);transition:all 0;-webkit-transition:all 0;z-index:9999;}@media only screen and (max-width:750px),only screen and (max-device-width:750px){iframe.kloudless-modal,iframe.kloudless-modal-dropzone{width:1px;min-width:100%;height:100%;margin:0;top:0;left:0}iframe.kloudless-modal html,iframe.kloudless-modal-dropzone html,iframe.kloudless-modal body,iframe.kloudless-modal-dropzone body{overflow:hidden}}iframe.kloudless-modal-dropzone{position:relative;top:0;left:0;margin-top:0;margin-left:0}.backdrop_div{position:fixed;margin:0;top:0;left:0;padding:0;width:100%;height:100%;display:none;background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0.6);z-index:9998;opacity:.5}    @-webkit-keyframes rotate {     from  { -webkit-transform: rotate(0deg); }     to   { -webkit-transform: rotate(360deg); }   }    @keyframes rotate {     from  { transform: rotate(0deg); }     to   { transform: rotate(360deg); }   }      .dropbox-dropin-btn, .dropbox-dropin-btn:link, .dropbox-dropin-btn:hover {       display: inline-block;       height: 14px;       font-family: “Lucida Grande”, “Segoe UI”, “Tahoma”, “Helvetica Neue”, “Helvetica”, sans-serif;       font-size: 11px;       font-weight: 600;       color: #636363;       text-decoration: none;       padding: 1px 7px 5px 3px;       border: 1px solid #ebebeb;       border-radius: 2px;       border-bottom-color: #d4d4d4;         background: #fcfcfc;   background: -moz-linear-gradient(top, #fcfcfc 0%, #f5f5f5 100%);   background: -webkit-linear-gradient(top, #fcfcfc 0%, #f5f5f5 100%);   background: linear-gradient(to bottom, #fcfcfc 0%, #f5f5f5 100%);   filter: progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.gradient(startColorstr=’#fcfcfc’, endColorstr=’#f5f5f5′,GradientType=0);       }      .dropbox-dropin-default:hover, .dropbox-dropin-error:hover {       border-color: #dedede;       border-bottom-color: #cacaca;         background: #fdfdfd;   background: -moz-linear-gradient(top, #fdfdfd 0%, #f5f5f5 100%);   background: -webkit-linear-gradient(top, #fdfdfd 0%, #f5f5f5 100%);   background: linear-gradient(to bottom, #fdfdfd 0%, #f5f5f5 100%);   filter: progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.gradient(startColorstr=’#fdfdfd’, endColorstr=’#f5f5f5′,GradientType=0);       }      .dropbox-dropin-default:active, .dropbox-dropin-error:active {       border-color: #d1d1d1;       box-shadow: inset 0 1px 1px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);     }      .dropbox-dropin-btn .dropin-btn-status {       display: inline-block;       width: 15px;       height: 14px;       vertical-align: bottom;       margin: 0 5px 0 2px;       background: transparent url(‘https://www.dropbox.com/static/images/widgets/dbx-saver-status.png’) no-repeat;       position: relative;       top: 2px;     }      .dropbox-dropin-default .dropin-btn-status {       background-position: 0px 0px;     }      .dropbox-dropin-progress .dropin-btn-status {       width: 18px;       margin: 0 4px 0 0;       background: url(‘https://www.dropbox.com/static/images/widgets/dbx-progress.png’) no-repeat center center;         -webkit-animation-name: rotate;         -webkit-animation-duration: 1.7s;         -webkit-animation-iteration-count: infinite;         -webkit-animation-timing-function: linear;       animation-name: rotate;       animation-duration: 1.7s;       animation-iteration-count: infinite;       animation-timing-function: linear;     }      .dropbox-dropin-success .dropin-btn-status {       background-position: -15px 0px;     }      .dropbox-dropin-disabled {       background: #e0e0e0;       border: 1px #dadada solid;       border-bottom: 1px solid #ccc;       box-shadow: none;     }      .dropbox-dropin-disabled .dropin-btn-status {       background-position: -30px 0px;     }      .dropbox-dropin-error .dropin-btn-status {       background-position: -45px 0px;     }    @media only screen and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1.4) {       .dropbox-dropin-btn .dropin-btn-status {         background-image: url(‘https://www.dropbox.com/static/images/widgets/dbx-saver-status-2x.png’);         background-size: 60px 14px;           -webkit-background-size: 60px 14px;       }        .dropbox-dropin-progress .dropin-btn-status {         background: url(‘https://www.dropbox.com/static/images/widgets/dbx-progress-2x.png’) no-repeat center center;         background-size: 20px 20px;           -webkit-background-size: 20px 20px;       }   }      .dropbox-saver:hover, .dropbox-chooser:hover {       text-decoration: none;       cursor: pointer;     }      .dropbox-chooser, .dropbox-dropin-btn {       line-height: 11px !important;       text-decoration: none !important;       box-sizing: content-box !important;         -webkit-box-sizing: content-box !important;         -moz-box-sizing: content-box !important;     }                    

All components of this project have been completed in previous weeks, so your final research proposal project paper should be cohesive, polished, and incorporate feedback from your instructor from the previous weeks. Your research proposal should be between 10 and 15 pages. Follow proper APA format and style and include a cover page, reference page, and any applicable tables or appendices. Your research proposal should have a nursing theoretical foundation.Your research proposal must include the following sections:Background and rationale for the studyReview of the relevant literatureDesign and methodologyYou must include the following components:
Section One: IntroductionThe research proposal should:Start with a statement of the problem and objective for the study, which articulates the main objectives that the study desires to achieve.Include a description of the theoretical framework to be utilized and a rationale for choosing a framework.Describe the significance and relevance of the problem. Why is this particular study needed? How will findings contribute to the field of advanced practice nursing? Why is this research needed?Section Two: Literature ReviewThe literature review should:Be a synthesis of the major concepts from recently published research findings.Be organized by themes and not just a report about what each author discovered in his or her research findings.Identify no fewer than six relevant research articles.

  • Synthesize the literature in relation to where the study fits within the context of the proposed study.

Section Three: Design and Methodology

In this section, what is to be done, and who, what, how, and where are all to be included in your proposal. The methods should be relevant to the question that is to be answered as a result of the research study. There should be information included about the study design, the setting and sample, data collection methods, and data collection analysis procedures. Ethical considerations should also be addressed in this area. Limitations and a plan for communicating the research findings should also be included in this section.

All critical elements of design and methods should be detailed, including:

  • Definitions of the variables
  • Identification of the population and sample
  • Procedures for sampling
  • Processes for obtaining consent to do the study
  • Informed consent form to be given to research participants
  • Data collection procedures
  • A clearly stated method of data analysis
  • An explanation on why your data analysis method is appropriate for your research
  • Issues related to validity and reliability
  • Ethical considerations (including plans for the protection of human subjects as appropriate)

Thoughts – 2025 What are your thoughts The characteristics of a performance driven team consist of many integral parts First

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Thoughts – 2025

What are your thoughts???

The characteristics of a performance-driven team consist of many integral parts. First, a performance-driven team needs a leader who is someone that sets goals and instills a purpose for the team and the organization. Open communication, trust, mutual respect, shared leadership, effective working procedures, building on differences, flexibility, adaptability, and continuous learning are all essential characteristics of a good performance-driven team (Neumann, 2014). The performance-driven team is a team that works together towards a common goal and feeds based on their overall performance. 

Intrinsic motivation involves engaging in behaviors because it is personally rewarding to oneself, this type of motivation comes from within the individual (Cherry, 2019). Extrinsic motivation occurs when someone is motivated to perform a behavior or engage in an activity to earn a reward or avoid punishment (Cherry, 2019). Extrinsic and Intrinsic motivation are both key components to team performance because they both help the team achieve their goals. With Intrinsic motivation, the team member will likely perform the behavior or task at hand because he/she feels good about helping the team in achieving the overall goal and can feel a sense of pride and accomplishment. Extrinsic motivation is also a key component of team performance because it too allows for the team to achieve the overall goal. If a person is being motivated extrinsically by some type of monetary compensation or because he/she may get punished for not helping the team, the individual will perform the task at hand in order to receive compensation or avoid punishment.

Thoughts – 2025 What s your thoughts Advocacy is defined as the act of supporting a

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Thoughts – 2025

What’s your thoughts?

Advocacy is defined as the act of supporting a proposal or cause, therefore, an advocate pleads, defends or supports a particular cause for the interest of others (Thomas, 2018). Nurse managers’ positions innately involve advocacy. According to Porter-O’Grady (2018) as stewards for creating safety and healthy environments that support the functions of health care teams and patient environment, nurse managers are in a better position to determine lacking aspects, aspects that need improvements, or changes that should be implemented to create optimum working environments. In general, their advocacy actions include ensuring proper allocation of resources and promoting positive environments. For instance, in the face of budget scrutiny, workflow change or work process design, nurse managers can fulfil their advocacy role by safeguarding nursing resources. They can involve their staff in the budgeting process to promote understanding of the challenges in the modern-day healthcare systems.

On the other hand, the advocacy role towards patients happens among point-of-care nurses (Davoodvand, Abbaszadeh & Ahmadi, 2016). The voice of nurses at the bedside is important in decisions related to patient care and the healthcare environment. The inevitable contact between these professionals and patients make them the best candidates to best represent their grievances, desires and requests to organizational panels for effective decision making. They can also present evidence-based concepts for bettering patient care (Davoodvand, Abbaszadeh & Ahmadi, 2016). For example, a nurse can advocate for the palliative care approach to provide access, to patients with life-limiting illnesses, to health care that is reactive to their holistic prerequisites, upholds a standard quality of life and is delivered by interprofessional teams- a shift from the present traditional focus of providing such care only to cancer patients.

NR631 Week SR – 2025 Respond The ability to navigate a complex project is not something I expected to learn

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NR631 Week SR – 2025

Respond 

 

The ability to navigate a complex project is not something I expected to learn to such a high level of detail when I first planned to work toward my graduate degree.  When I first learned that this was the plan, I thought it was a good idea; but I can’t say that I fully appreciated the impact this would have on my ability to actively engage others in change management.  I deal with projects quite a bit.  I am not the project manager and am always grateful to be paired with a person who loves this side of change management.  I would like to share a couple of moments that have happened during the time of this class.

The first challenge that I was able to address occurred a handful of weeks ago when I was assigned to transition one of our sites from a fully functional express care to a designated COVID test site for pre-surgical patient testing.  Without diluting the purpose of this post with too many details, the site leadership had significant concerns regarding the requested change and so I offered to conduct a SWOT analysis to help the team understand if their concerns were valid or an emotional response to a stressful situation.  In the parking lot of the facility, the entire team participated in a brainstorming activity to complete the analysis.  What resulted was a well-thought proposal where the team was able to outline a plan to achieve the critical elements of the request while acknowledging local weaknesses with shifts in how the plan was executed. 

The next example happened one week ago.  One of my projects is evolving beyond expectations.  Some of the work will be shifted into a distinct phase that can be temporarily backlogged.  A great deal of work needs to be done to ensure that the team is addressing the true root of the problem.  We had just completed the work breakdown structure and so it was fresh in my mind.  Despite an awareness of how complex the document can become, I offered this as a way for the team to navigate the growing number of project tasks.  Only a few sections are completed because there is so much discovery to be done.  Even with that, the team is finding clarity, direction, and an awareness of how this intimidating number of tasks can be organized in a way that makes them achievable. 

I feel empowered by these experiences and look forward to finding more opportunities like the two I have mentioned.  On one hand, these forms are taking more time and increase the work.  On the other hand, they are improving communication and contributing to the way the team perceives the work.  From my perspective, that is a win.

Another 9th – 2025 Levels of prevention primary prevention is most important in adult learning Review the five levels of prevention and then focus

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Another 9th – 2025

 Levels of prevention (primary prevention is most important in adult learning). Review the five levels of prevention and then focus on primary prevention. Offer three innovative ways in which to engage the adult population. 

 Please include at least three scholarly sources within your initial post. 

 

Discussion Question Rubric

Note: Scholarly resources are defined as evidence-based practice, peer-reviewed journals; textbook (do not rely solely on your textbook as a reference); and National Standard Guidelines. Review assignment instructions, as this will provide any additional requirements that are not specifically listed on the rubric.

Discussion Question Rubric – 100 PointsCriteriaExemplary
Exceeds ExpectationsAdvanced
Meets ExpectationsIntermediate
Needs ImprovementNovice
InadequateTotal PointsQuality of Initial PostProvides clear examples supported by course content and references.

Cites three or more references, using at least one new scholarly resource that was not provided in the course materials.

All instruction requirements noted.

40 pointsComponents are accurate and thoroughly represented, with explanations and application of knowledge to include evidence-based practice, ethics, theory, and/or role. Synthesizes course content using course materials and scholarly resources to support importantpoints.

Meets all requirements within the discussion instructions.

Cites two references.

35 pointsComponents are accurate and mostly represented primarily with definitions and summarization. Ideas may be overstated, with minimal contribution to the subject matter. Minimal application to evidence-based practice, theory, or role development. Synthesis of course content is present but missing depth and/or development.

Is missing one component/requirement of the discussion instructions.

Cites one reference, or references do not clearly support content.

Most instruction requirements are noted.

31 pointsAbsent application to evidence-based practice, theory, or role development. Synthesis of course content is superficial.

Demonstrates incomplete understanding of content and/or inadequate preparation.

No references cited.

Missing several instruction requirements.

Submits post late.

27 points40Peer Response PostOffers both supportive and alternative viewpoints to the discussion, using two or more scholarly references per peer post. Post provides additional value to the conversation.

All instruction requirements noted.

40 pointsEvidence of further synthesis of course content. Provides clarification and new information or insight related to the content of the peer’s post.

Response is supported by course content and a minimum of one scholarly reference per each peer post.

All instruction requirements noted.

35 pointsLacks clarification or new information. Scholarly reference supports the content in the peer post without adding new information or insight.

Missing reference from one peer post.

Partially followed instructions regarding number of reply posts.

Most instruction requirements are noted.

31 pointsPost is primarily a summation of peer’s post without further synthesis of course content.

Demonstrates incomplete understanding of content and/or inadequate preparation.

Did not follow instructions regarding number of reply posts.

Missing reference from peer posts.

Missing several instruction requirements.

Submits post late.

27 points40Frequency of DistributionInitial post and peer post(s) made on multiple separate days.

All instruction requirements noted.

10 pointsInitial post and peer post(s) made on multiple separate days.

8 pointsMinimum of two post options (initial and/or peer) made on separate days.

7 pointsAll posts made on same day.

Submission demonstrates inadequate preparation.

No post submitted.

6 points10OrganizationWell-organized content with a clear and complex purpose statement and content argument. Writing is concise with a logical flow of ideas

5 pointsOrganized content with an informative purpose statement, supportive content, and summary statement. Argument content is developed with minimal issues in content flow.

4 pointsPoor organization and flow of ideas distract from content. Narrative is difficult to follow and frequently causes reader to reread work.

Purpose statement is noted.

3 pointsIllogical flow of ideas. Prose rambles. Purpose statement is unclear or missing.

Demonstrates incomplete understanding of content and/or inadequate preparation.

No purpose statement.

Submits assignment late.

2 points5APA, Grammar, and SpellingCorrect APA formatting with no errors.

The writer correctly identifies reading audience, as demonstrated by appropriate language (avoids jargon and simplifies complex concepts appropriately).

Writing is concise, in active voice, and avoids awkward transitions and overuse of conjunctions.

There are no spelling, punctuation, or word-usage errors.

5 pointsCorrect and consistent APA formatting of references and cites all references used. No more than two unique APA errors.

The writer demonstrates correct usage of formal English language in sentence construction. Variation in sentence structure and word usage promotes readability.

There are minimal to no grammar, punctuation, or word-usage errors.

4 pointsThree to four unique APA formatting errors.

The writer occasionally uses awkward sentence construction or overuses/inappropriately uses complex sentence structure. Problems with word usage (evidence of incorrect use of thesaurus) and punctuation persist, often causing some difficulties with grammar. Some words, transitional phrases, and conjunctions are overused.

Multiple grammar, punctuation, or word usage errors.

3 pointsFive or more unique formatting errors or no attempt to format in APA.

The writer demonstrates limited understanding of formal written language use; writing is colloquial (conforms to spoken language).

The writer struggles with limited vocabulary and has difficulty conveying meaning such that only the broadest, most general messages are presented.

Grammar and punctuation are consistently incorrect. Spelling errors are numerous.

Submits assignment late.

2 points5Total Points100