Paper – 2025 Examine changes introduced to reform or restructure the U S health care delivery system In

by

Nursing Assignment Help

Paper – 2025

 

Examine changes introduced to reform or restructure the U.S. health care delivery system. In a 1,000-1,250 word paper, discuss action taken for reform and restructuring and the role of the nurse within this changing environment.

Include the following:

  1. Outline a current or emerging health care law or federal regulation introduced to reform or restructure some aspect of the health care delivery system. Describe the effect of this on nursing practice and the nurse’s role and responsibility.
  2. Discuss how quality measures and pay for performance affect patient outcomes. Explain how these affect nursing practice and describe the expectations and responsibilities of the nursing role in these situations.
  3. Discuss professional nursing leadership and management roles that have arisen and how they are important in responding to emerging trends and in the promotion of patient safety and quality care in diverse health care settings.
  4. Research emerging trends. Predict two ways in which the practice of nursing and nursing roles will grow or transform within the next five years to respond to upcoming trends or predicted issues in health care.

You are required to cite to a minimum of three sources to complete this assignment. Sources must be published within the last 5 years and appropriate for the assignment criteria and relevant to nursing practice.  

Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required. 

This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion. 

Policy And Environmental Issues – 2025 1 4 Participate in health care policy development to influence nursing practice and health care Research public health issues on

by

Nursing Assignment Help

Policy And Environmental Issues – 2025

 

1.4 Participate in health care policy development to influence nursing practice and health care.

Research public health issues on the “Climate Change” or “Topics and Issues” pages of the American Public Health Association (APHA) website. Investigate a public health issue related to an environmental issue within the U.S. health care delivery system and examine its effect on a specific population.

Write a 750-1,000-word policy brief that summarizes the issue, explains the effect on the population, and proposes a solution to the issue.

Follow this outline when writing the policy brief:

  1. Describe the policy health issue. Include the following information: (a) what population is affected, (b) at what level does it occur (local, state, or national), and (c) evidence about the issues supported by resources.
  2. Create a problem statement.
  3. Provide suggestions for addressing the health issue caused by the current policy. Describe what steps are required to initiate policy change. Include necessary stakeholders (government officials, administrator) and budget or funding considerations, if applicable.
  4. Discuss the impact on the health care delivery system.

Include three peer-reviewed sources and two other sources to support the policy brief.

Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required.

This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion. 

You are required to submit this assignment to LopesWrite. Refer to the LopesWrite Technical Support articles for assistance. 

Paper – 2025 Examine changes introduced to reform or restructure the U S health care delivery system In a 1 000 1 250 word paper discuss action

by

Nursing Assignment Help

Paper – 2025

 

Examine changes introduced to reform or restructure the U.S. health care delivery system. In a 1,000-1,250 word paper, discuss action taken for reform and restructuring and the role of the nurse within this changing environment.

Include the following:

  1. Outline a current or emerging health care law or federal regulation introduced to reform or restructure some aspect of the health care delivery system. Describe the effect of this on nursing practice and the nurse’s role and responsibility.
  2. Discuss how quality measures and pay for performance affect patient outcomes. Explain how these affect nursing practice and describe the expectations and responsibilities of the nursing role in these situations.
  3. Discuss professional nursing leadership and management roles that have arisen and how they are important in responding to emerging trends and in the promotion of patient safety and quality care in diverse health care settings.
  4. Research emerging trends. Predict two ways in which the practice of nursing and nursing roles will grow or transform within the next five years to respond to upcoming trends or predicted issues in health care.

You are required to cite to a minimum of three sources to complete this assignment. Sources must be published within the last 5 years and appropriate for the assignment criteria and relevant to nursing practice.  

Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required. 

This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion. 

Policy And Environmental Issues – 2025 1 4 Participate in health care policy development to influence nursing practice and health care

by

Nursing Assignment Help

Policy And Environmental Issues – 2025

 

1.4 Participate in health care policy development to influence nursing practice and health care.

Research public health issues on the “Climate Change” or “Topics and Issues” pages of the American Public Health Association (APHA) website. Investigate a public health issue related to an environmental issue within the U.S. health care delivery system and examine its effect on a specific population.

Write a 750-1,000-word policy brief that summarizes the issue, explains the effect on the population, and proposes a solution to the issue.

Follow this outline when writing the policy brief:

  1. Describe the policy health issue. Include the following information: (a) what population is affected, (b) at what level does it occur (local, state, or national), and (c) evidence about the issues supported by resources.
  2. Create a problem statement.
  3. Provide suggestions for addressing the health issue caused by the current policy. Describe what steps are required to initiate policy change. Include necessary stakeholders (government officials, administrator) and budget or funding considerations, if applicable.
  4. Discuss the impact on the health care delivery system.

Include three peer-reviewed sources and two other sources to support the policy brief.

Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required.

This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion. 

You are required to submit this assignment to LopesWrite. Refer to the LopesWrite Technical Support articles for assistance. 

Response 4 Re: Topic 2 DQ 2 – 2025 Re Topic 2 DQ 2 In my worldview human life is such a precious gift from God

by

Nursing Assignment Help

Response 4 Re: Topic 2 DQ 2 – 2025

Re: Topic 2 DQ 2

In my worldview, human life is such a precious gift from God, the Creator of universe inclusive of the human beings. My worldview closely resembles the Christian worldview, that all humans have value, and should be treated equally because they were made by God and in his likeness (White, 2020). As well, from my view point, any successful society must be have and be guided by ethical principles which provide for healthy moral values for one another. I believe that the decisions made concerning bioethical issues are relative. Carrying out an abortion is relative but under the observation of qualified and genuine care providers. In cases where the lives, of both the mother and the child, are in danger the care provider may advise for an abortion. In situation of getting reed of unwanted pregnancy, I consider that as murder. Again, I consider creating designer babies as unethical and ungodly in cases where the intention is to exclude some genes which are not harmful and it is also helpful in cases where the doctors need to remove diseases associated genes. With the issue of stem cell research, I believe it is good since it provides a solution for the treatment of diseases such as diabetes (Shin, 2017).

Yet, as a nurse who works with patients with different worldviews, my role is to respect each person and support them in their decisions. As nurses, we must remain unbiased and guide our patients to make the right choices for them. We educate them and walk with them through the journey of care without making any judgments. Doing so means that I am respectful of all people and their opinions, beliefs, and practices.

References

Shin, H. I. (2017). Social values and decision making on bioethical issues. The Korean Journal Of Culture And Social Issues, 23(1), 1. https://doi.org/10.20406/kjcs.2017.02.23.1.1

White, N., (2020). God, Humanity, and Human Dignity. In Grand Canyon University (Ed.). Practicing Dignity: An Introduction to Christian Values and Decision Making in Health Care. https://lc.gcumedia.com/phi413v/practicing-dignity-an-introduction-to-christian-values-and-decision-making-in-health-care/v1.1/#/chapter/2

Please add a line or 2 from the assigned material below, maybe 1 other source. Thank you.

https://www.gcumedia.com/digital-resources/grand-canyon-university/2020/practicing-dignity_an-introduction-to-christian-values-and-decision-making-in-health-care_1e.php

Pathophysiology MODULE 6 – 2025 Title of Assignment Disorders of the genitourinary system Purpose of Assignment Health care providers must

by

Nursing Assignment Help

Pathophysiology MODULE 6 – 2025

 

Title of Assignment: 

Disorders of the genitourinary system

Purpose of Assignment: 

Health care providers must be aware of the issues related to sexually transmitted infections. This recent news release from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC):

Retrieved from: https://www.cdc.gov/nchhstp/newsroom/2018/press-release-2018-std-prevention-conference.html

Course Competency(s):

· Determine pathophysiologic alterations that affect the reproductive and endocrine systems.

Content:

Review information in your assigned readings to work on the assignment. The website below also has a variety of information to support your readings for the week. 

Instructions:

Select a sexually transmitted infection (STI)( Genital Herpes) and do research on it. Write a 3-page paper about the condition/issue.  Create a concept map (not a paper) about the condition/issue. In the paper discuss the concepts below:

· What is the pathophysiology of one STI

· What is the etiology of the selected STI

· What are the clinical manifestations of the selected STI

· What is the treatment for the selected STI

Use at least FOUR scholarly sources to support your findings. Examples of scholarly sources include academic journals, textbooks, reference texts, and CINAHL any nursing PROSPECTIVE. Be sure to cite your sources in-text and on a References, page using APA format.

WRITE FROM NURSING PERSPECTIVE NOT LITERATURE AND INCLUDE ALL DETIAL CONCERPT.

Due 5/11/2021. Please ASAP. Very late on this assignment.

Individual Topic Search Strategy – 2025 PURPOSE The purpose of this initial paper is to briefly describe your

by

Nursing Assignment Help

Individual Topic Search Strategy – 2025

  

PURPOSE

· The purpose of this initial paper is to briefly describe your search strategies when identifying an articles that pertain to an evidence-based practice topic of interest.

REQUIREMENTS/PREPARING THE PAPER

· Each student will sign-up for a group to formulate an evidence-based practice topic of interest 

(My topic is Interventions to promote social interactions in children with autistic disorder spectrum)

· Each group will formulate research question using PICO format. 

P: Children with autistic disorder 

I: cognitive behavioral therapy

C: no therapy, no intervention

O: increase social behaviors

· Each group member will search, retrieve, and receive approval for 1 PRIMARY DATA ARTICLE to answer the group Research Question.

(I will attached the article for you to use my professor already approved it)

· Paper should include a Title and Reference pages.

· Page Length: 3-4 pages Excluding Title and Reference pages

· PAPER FORMAT 

Clinical Question

Research Question- Describe problem

· Accurately and clearly states your research question using PICO format

· P: Children with autistic disorder

· I: cognitive behavioral therapy

· C: no therapy, no intervention

· O: increase social behaviors

Overview of the Problem- Overview/Significance of problem in terms of outcomes or statistics

· What statistics document this is a problem? (facts and figures)

Significance of the Problem-

· What statistic document this is a problem?

· What health outcomes result from this problem. Why should people be concerned about this problem?

Purpose of Paper:

The purpose of this paper is to describe search strategies to find evidence in supporting our groups PICO question.

Search Strategy

Search Terms

· List all terms used to search for your article (i.e. breast cancer, screening, mammography, intervention, assessment, influencing factors….etc.)

(I used behavioral treatments for anxiety )

Library Databases

· List Chamberlain library database used (i.e. EBSCO, Medline, OVID, PubMed….etc.)

· Google search engine is NOT the library database

(I used CINAHL )

Availability of Articles

· How many research articles were available to answer your research question?

· Provide numbers of articles, NOT just saying “plenty, sufficient, many…etc.

Refinement Decisions

· What decision(s) have changed from your original search strategies? (i.e. peer-review, within last 5 years, primary data article, full-text….etc.) 

· As you did your search, what decisions did you make in refinement to get your required articles down to a reasonable number for review?

· What was your rationale for your decision to change from original search strategies?

Final Article

· Describe decisions you made to specifically select 1 PRIMARY DATA ARTICLE as relevant for answering your Research Question 

Level of Evidence

Addresses Topic/Relevance to PICO

· Describe how article addresses the topic, purpose and key points

Evidence Level Pyramid

· Identify and describe the level of evidence based on Evidence Level/Hierarchy Pyramid 

· Refers to Handout (Quick Guide to Designs in an Evidence Hierarchy)

Study Type

· Identify study type of article: Quantitative, Qualitative, or Mixed-Method Study 

Format

§ Use of headings for each section

§ Use of APA format (7th edition)

DEMONSTRATING EFFECTIVE LEADERSHIP – 2025 Write a 8 9 page evaluation of key aspects of a population based health concern including your selection of members to

by

Nursing Assignment Help

DEMONSTRATING EFFECTIVE LEADERSHIP – 2025

 

  • Write a 8-9-page evaluation of key aspects of a population-based health concern, including your selection of members to form an interprofessional, collaborative coalition to achieve the stated goal. 8-9 PAGES EXCLUDING THE COVER PAGE AND THE REFERENCE PAGE.
    Resolving population health concerns requires the combined efforts of numerous agencies and individuals to address the Triple Aim of improving the patient experience, improving the health of populations, and reducing costs. This requires an interprofessional and collaborative effort to address the complex factors at the individual, organizational, community, and policy levels associated with the multiple factors affecting the health and well-being of our communities (Graffunder, Sakurada, & Nordisk, 2016).
    As a scholar-practitioner in the field, you may be expected to develop and lead a diverse team of health care professionals, civic leaders, community stakeholders, constituents, community members, other interested parties, and city, state, and government agencies in addressing a wide range of issues affecting the health of diverse groups.
    This assessment provides an opportunity for you to apply your leadership skills to form a collaborative, interprofessional coalition to address a population-based health concern from a nursing, public health, or health administration perspective.
    Reference
    Graffunder, C., Sakurada, B., & Nordisk, N. (2016). Preparing health care and public health professionals for team performance: The community as the classroom. National Academy of Medicine.
    Scenario
    Government officials are taking action to address a chronic population health concern in your area. As a member of this community, you have a good understanding of the local demographics and population health issues, including the potential implications for policy making, health care systems, service utilization, clinical practice, education, and the workforce. In your role as a doctoral graduate and health care practitioner, you have been asked to:
    • Evaluate key aspects (including the social determinants of health) of the selected population health issue from the topic list.
    • Lead an interprofessional team of your choosing (a coalition of community members and organizations, clinical providers, health care organizations, and civic and governmental agencies), to achieve the coalition’s goal(s), which may include prevention efforts, quality improvement, service utilization, and the reduction of health care costs.  
    • This leadership position requires the ability to promote prevention efforts, quality improvement, service utilization and the reduction of health care costs, as well as skills in the following areas:
    • Effective and ethical leadership.
    • Interprofessional communication.
    • Collaboration, inclusion, and applying new and existing knowledge to solve problems and inform decision making.
    • Preparation
      For this assessment, you will select one of these topics to address in the given scenario:
      Topics for the paper: Demonstrating Effective Leadership
    • Health Disparities/Social Determinants of Health: Focus on vulnerable or high risk groups and on decreasing disparities between groups. You can select a specific group with a focus on the person’s experience of care, services, and resources (quality and satisfaction), improving the health of the population, and reducing per capita cost. This will be the focus for the coalition.
    • Pandemic, e.g., COVID-19: Focus on a vulnerable or high risk group related to population health, including the person’s experience of care, services and resources (quality and satisfaction), improving the health of the population, and reducing per capita cost. This will be the focus for the coalition.
    • Asthma and Children: Focus on a vulnerable or high risk group including the person’s experience of care, services and resources (quality and satisfaction), improving the health of the population, and reducing per capita cost. This will be the focus for the coalition.
    • Opioid Addiction: Focus on a vulnerable or high risk group including the person’s experience of care, services, and resources (quality and satisfaction), improving the health of the population, and reducing per capita cost. This will be the focus for the coalition.
    • Obesity: Focus on a vulnerable or high risk group including the person’s experience of care, services, and resources (quality and satisfaction), improving the health of the population, and reducing per capita cost. This will be the focus for the coalition.
    • Note: Remember that you can submit all, or a portion of, your draft plan to Smarthinking Tutoring for feedback, before you submit the final version for this assessment. If you plan on using this free service, be mindful of the turnaround time of 24–48 hours for receiving feedback.
      Instructions
      Evaluate key aspects of a chronic population health concern. In addition, select members for a collaborative, interprofessional coalition that you would lead to achieve the stated goal. Coalition membership can include, but is not limited to, key community members and organizations, clinical providers, and local and state agencies.
      Example Assessment: You may use the following to give you an idea of what a Proficient or higher rating on the scoring guide would look like:
    • Assessment 1 Example [PDF].
    • Document Format and Length
      Format your paper using APA style.
    • Use the APA Style Paper Tutorial [DOCX] to help you in writing and formatting your paper. Be sure to include:
      • A title page and references page. An abstract is not required.
      • Appropriate section headings.
    • Your paper should be 6–8 pages in length, not including the title page and references page.
    • Supporting Evidence
      Cite 4–5 credible sources published within the last five years from peer-reviewed journals, other scholarly resources, professional industry publications, and assigned readings to support your case assessments and recommendations.
      Assessment Grading
      The assessment requirements outlined below correspond to the grading criteria in the scoring guide, so be sure to address each of the seven main tasks. Read the performance-level descriptions for each criterion in the scoring guide to see how your work will be evaluated.
    • Analyze the impact of factors that contribute to this chronic population health concern.
      • Examine the situation from a population health perspective.
      • Provide context surrounding this concern.
      • Identify the affected groups, and the environmental, social, and financial factors.
    • Form a collaborative, interprofessional coalition to address this chronic population health concern.
      • Consider, among others, key community members and organizations, clinical providers, and local and state agencies when making your selections.
      • Select 5–10 members.
        • Who must be included?
        • Why?
      • How will member selection contribute to the goal?
      • What potential issues might arise affecting interprofessional collaboration?
      • What strategies are needed to optimize collaboration and communication among coalition members?
    • Explain potential ethical issues that might be relevant for the coalition to consider in addressing its mission.
      • Consider access to care, financial barriers, environmental constraints, and the distribution of resources.
      • Explain how ethical principles would apply in particular situations on a micro or meso level.
        • Micro level: individual care encounters.
        • Meso level: how systems are organized to deliver and ensure quality care for patients and populations (Ho & Pinney, 2016).
      • Consider ethical codes of conduct applicable across disciplines represented in your coalition.
      • What evidence supports your conclusions?
    • Explain the principles of diversity and inclusion applicable to the formation of your coalition and its interactions with the community.
      • Consider the impact of a diverse team on achieving coalition goals.
      • How would you work within the coalition to establish a culture of inclusion, respect, and value?
      • How would you promote community engagement, cultural awareness, health equity, and access to resources? Resources can include, but are not limited to medications, transportation, and environmental resources.
      • What are some best practices for interprofessional communication for this group?
      • What evidence supports your conclusions?
    • Explain how literature and research in the field can be used to develop best practices for addressing this chronic population health concern.
      • Locate two current, peer-reviewed studies that coalition members should consider as foundational to developing an evidence-based intervention for the situation.
      • Briefly explain how each study is relevant to the chronic population health concern.
    • Organize content so ideas flow logically with smooth transitions.
      • Proofread your writing to avoid errors that could distract readers and make it more difficult for them to focus on the substance of your evaluation.
    • Apply APA style and formatting to scholarly writing.
      • Apply correct APA-formatting to your document, including headers, headings, spacing, and margins.
      • Apply correct APA-formatting to all source citations.
    • Portfolio Prompt: You may choose to save your evaluation to your ePortfolio.
      References
      Graffunder, C., Sakurada, B., & Nordisk, N. (2016). Preparing health care and public health professionals for team performance: The community as the classroom. National Academy of Medicine. doi: https://doi.org/10.31478/201604b
      Ho, A., & Pinney, S. (2016). Redefining ethical leadership in a 21st-century healthcare system. Healthcare Management Forum, 29(1), 39–42.
      Competencies Measured
      By successfully completing this assessment, you will demonstrate your proficiency in the following course competencies and assessment criteria:
    • Competency 1: Apply interprofessional collaboration, communication, and leadership best practices to advance population health.
      • Analyze the impact of factors that contribute to a chronic population health concern.
      • Form a collaborative, interprofessional coalition to address a chronic population health concern.
    • Competency 2: Apply professional ethics and the principles of diversity and inclusion to advance population health.
      • Explain potential ethical issues that might be relevant for a health care coalition to consider in addressing its mission.
      • Explain the principles of diversity and inclusion applicable to the formation of a health care coalition and its interactions with the community.
    • Competency 3: Explain how scholar-practitioners function as leaders in the field of health care.
      • Explain how literature and research in the field can be used to develop best practices for addressing a chronic population health concern.
    • Competency 4: Produce written work that demonstrates critical thinking and application of knowledge, in accordance with Capella’s writing standards.
      • Organize content so ideas flow logically with smooth transitions.
      • Apply APA style and formatting to scholarly writing.
  • SCORING GUIDE
    Use the scoring guide to understand how your assessment will be evaluated.
    VIEW SCORING GUIDE

25 Multiple Choice Questions In 2 Hours – 2025 biological psychological and social factors intertwine to affect aging and health outcomes

by

Nursing Assignment Help

25 Multiple Choice Questions In 2 Hours – 2025

biological, psychological, and social factors intertwine to affect aging and health outcomes.

I will upload the questions at 11;15  pst today and you have to upload the answers by 13:15 sharp not one minute late 

I expect at least 90% accuracy 

course material down below and you can search for answers 

Response To Peer – 2025 Two paragraphs and two references no more than 5 years Opioid and alcohol

by

Nursing Assignment Help

Response To Peer – 2025

Two paragraphs and two references no more than 5 years

Opioid and alcohol addiction impacts the nursing profession, quality of nursing care, and healthcare organizations. Nursing care is compromised as the complexity of a patient’s health increases with the use of alcohol and opioids. Addiction also commonly causes withdrawal symptoms, making it difficult to focus on non-pharmacological treatment options (Hagemeir, 2018). First responders become overwhelmed with opioid overdose related calls and it is common for cardiac or injury patient calls to be delayed.

       The American Association of Colleges of Nursing has taken the initiative to reach local levels through academics. Schools are being provided with webinars that discuss the CDC’s recommendations on opioid prescribing for chronic pain management, early interventions, treatments, and appropriate discontinuation of these medications (AACN, 2021).

       As mentioned by CCN (2021), relevant stakeholders related to opioid and alcohol addiction at a local level includes the patient, families, pharmacies, and health care professionals. Due to the increased need for healthcare resources through outpatient or ER visits and inpatient hospital admissions, less available appointments and longer ER wait times are the result (Hagemeier, 2018).

        The Florida Department of Health (2021), identifies an intervention that the pain management facility that I am currently employed at has adopted to address addiction concerns. In 2009, Legislation in Florida released the E-FORCSE initiative (Electronic-Florida Online Reporting of Controlled Substance Evaluation Program), to promote safer prescribing and to reduce addiction/abuse of prescribed opioid medications within the state. This prescription reporting platform has made a huge difference in patient outcomes and helps identify patients that attempt to “doctor shop” or receive multiple narcotic prescriptions in between monthly follow up visits and refills. The medication, amount, dosage, prescribing physician, pharmacy, and date of all opioid medications is recorded on a patient’s E-FORCSE and is updated the day of their monthly follow up to ensure accuracy. The E-FORCSE reporting system is used within all our clinics scattered throughout Florida and three Alabama locations.  The MME’s or Morphine Milligram Equivalent score related to a patients daily dose of opioid medication is also provided to ensure that the optimal range of 30 or less is maintained.  The MME per day metric is a tool used to identify those with higher risks of overdosing and to ensure that closer monitoring is implemented (Dowell, Haegerich, & Chou, 2016). From my personal perspective I feel that this intervention is effective in addressing the addiction practice problem; however, there are still some improvements that need to be made with E-FORCSE reporting. All prescribing pharmacies do not use the E-FORCSE reporting platform to record all filled medications, which could lead to overprescribing and ultimately death.

References:

American Association of Colleges of Nursing (AACN) (2021). Opioid Epidemic Resources for Nurse Educators. https://www.aacnnursing.org/Policy-Advocacy/Opioids (Links to an external site.)

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2016). CDC Guideline for Prescribing Opioids for Chronic Pain” United States, 2016. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR). https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/65/rr/rr6501e1.htm?CDC_AA_refVal=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cdc.gov%2Fmmwr%2Fvolumes%2F65%2Frr%2Frr6501e1er.htm (Links to an external site.)

Chamberlain College of Nursing (2021). Week 2: The Practice Problem: Stakeholder Roles. The Role of the Stakeholder in Addressing Local Practice Problems. https://chamberlain.instructure.com/courses/81888/pages/week-2-the-practice-problem-stakeholder-roles?module_item_id=11581120

Dowell, D., Haegerich, T., & Chou R. (2016). CDC Guideline for Prescribing Opioids for Chronic Pain — United States-2016. Recommendations and  Reports;65 (1) :1–49. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.rr6501e1

Florida Department of Health (2021). E-FORCSE Home Page. http://www.floridahealth.gov/statistics-and-data/e-forcse/#:~:text=The%20Florida%20Prescription%20Drug%20Monitoring%20Program%2C%20known%20as,abuse%20and%20diversion%20within%20the%20state%20of%20Florida (Links to an external site.)

Hagemeier, N. (2018). Introduction to the Opioid Epidemic: The Economic Burden on the Healthcare System and Impact on Quality of Life. The American Journal of Managed Care.https://www.ajmc.com/view/intro-opioid-epidemic-economic-burden-on-healthcare-system-impact-quality-of-life (Links to an external site.)