• Make the case that one organizational challenge best meets the criteria for a doctoral capstone project.
• What You Need to Know: Learn what to look for in an organizational challenge to identify opportunities for a potential doctoral capstone project.

In determining whether the current climate of healthcare represents an opportunity for evidence-based improvement for my current organization, I would say that the pandemic has shined the light on patient safety and the Department of Defense health crisis. The current organization I am reviewing is the Defense Health Agency under which my facility the 23rd Medical Group falls under. There is sufficient evidence in literature to substantiate the DoD’s response to the current health crisis of COVID-19 given past health outbreaks. Steps of evidence-based practice (EBPs) can be reviewed from the viewpoint of conducting research and generating knowledge. One such way is the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) and patient safety models of transferring information from knowledge, social marketing, social, and organizational innovation, and behavior change. Steps of knowledge transfer through the AHRQ model represent three major stages. Knowledge creation and distillation of conducting research from various delivery systems and transportability to real-world health settings. 

With EBP diffusion and dissemination involves collaboration with other professional healthcare leaders in other organizations to distribute knowledge that forms the basis of action. Case in point, the sharing of information from the Centers of Disease Control to military leaders during the pandemic and getting information to audiences. The third stage involves execution and getting health organizations to adopt and use evidence-based research results. The key to EBP is getting the organization to adopt and sustain change into practice (Titler, 2008). The body of evidence that supports the challenge is based on the current pandemic. There is sufficient evidence both in military and civilian healthcare to warrant an opportunity of improvement. Based on what we have learned during the course of the last 20-months, the range of available sources of information have become more widely available. Rising disease rates, limited, funding, and the scientific basis for intervention demands the use of proven strategies to improve population health. EBP approaches and health surveillance along with policymaking are necessary tools to eradicate pandemics and change health-behaviors. The key elements of EBP in public health and military health is:

Engaging the community in assessment and decision-making

Using data and information systems

Making decisions based on peer-reviewed evidence

Applying program planning frameworks

Conducting sound evaluation and disseminating what is found

What has transpired and become a challenge that many organizations have faced, is that many EBP health interventions are implemented on the basis of political and media pressure (Jacobs, Jones, Gabella, Spring, & Brownson,  2012). The evidence I found comparing civilian health facilities to Air Force facilities is that more civilian data is available. While the other military services have reported numbers and responses, there is limited data specific to my site. I do not believe it is population specific but site specific because of a HIPAA related release that happened in July of 2020. This unauthorized disclosure set off a media frenzy via social media for my current facility. Therefore, sharing information is more guarded. On the other hand, with the increase of the COVID delta variant, more opportunities exist for more evidence to become present. Current metrics are that 59,337 Air Force members (military, dependents, civilian, and contractors) have been affected (Af.mil, 2021). Possible outcomes for my organization is an increase in operations that cater to the increase of manpower hours devoted to COVID screening and vaccinations.   

Instructions
Review the following ethical dilemmas:

1. John Doe has decided to clone himself. He is sterile. He cannot find anyone to marry him. He wishes to have children. He knows that he will not be able to love a child that is adopted or not connected directly to him biologically. He will be making use of a new procedure that involves taking his skin cells to produce a twin. The twin starts out as an embryo and grows into a child. The child in this case will have the same genetic information as John Doe. John Doe and his child will be twins.
2. Jane Doe is eighteen. For as long as she can remember she has been sexually attracted to other females. Her parents belong to a religion that has a religious text stating that God forbids one to be a lesbian. This religion goes on further to say that lesbians will be punished in the afterlife. Jane Doe is debating whether she should tell her parents about her sexual attraction. She has not yet decided if she should come out to her parents and live as a lesbian now that she is a legal adult.
3. Joe and Mary are a couple. Before becoming sterile, they had a child. This child died of a rare disease. Joe and Mary miss their child terribly. They have heard that there is a new IVF procedure that can ensure that they can have another child. However, their religion forbids using IVF.
   Use the resources assigned for this week and additional research,

Instructions
Select two of the situations above and then address 2 of the following:

1. What is the relation between ethics and religion? Formulate and investigate the relation.
2. For each case, determine the ethical path of conduct. Then, determine what paths of conduct would be unethical
3. For each case, what would emotivism say to appraise what you determine is the ethical form of conduct?
4. For each case, would a natural law ethicist agree with what you say is the ethical form of conduct? Why or why not?
5. Articulate, explain, and evaluate in each case an approach that makes use of divine command ethics.

Writing Requirements (APA format)

• Length: 2-3 pages (not including title page or references page)
• 1-inch margins
• Double spaced
• 12-point Times New Roman font
• Title page
• References page (minimum of 2 scholarly sources)

Answer the Discussion Board board questions in paragraph form

1.     Your office has a strict policy with regard to release of information in health records, and despite a state statute allowing patients access to their records, the physicians you work for will not give patients their records. An obnoxious attorney storms into the office and demands access to your files. The patient has signed a release form. You are at the front desk and the office is full of patients. What do you do?

2.     Your office has a relaxed policy with regard to the release of information in health records. A patient asks to see his record. You know that there is information in the record regarding telephone calls from the patient’s relatives that would interfere with the family relationship. The physician is away for a week. How would you handle the matter?

3.     A health record has been subpoenaed and a court order accompanies it. The physician has removed important parts of the record. You know that this information is missing. The office sends you to court as the keeper of the record. You must testify about the completeness of the record. What are you going to say?

Please, put at least 3 references in APA format from 2017 up to now.

Module 08 Content

1. Competency
   Prioritize nursing care strategies for clients with cardiovascular disorders.
   Scenario
   Cardiac disease a one of the leading causes of death in the United States. Since it is so prevalent, you want to ensure your co-workers are fully prepared to care for patients. You are hosting a lunch to provide a refresher on heart disease and how to care for patients. During the lunch, you will present a PowerPoint Presentation to your co-workers.
   Instructions
   Choose one of the cardiac diseases that we covered in the last two modules. Within your presentation include:
   • Provide a detailed overview of the disease process
   • Diagnosis
   • Treatment
   • Multidimensional care including risk reduction, health promotion, and nursing interventions specific to the disease process