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Interaction effects represent the combined effects of factors on the dependent measure. When an interaction effect is present, the impact of one factor depends on the level of the other factor. For example, imagine a study that tests the effects of a treatment on an outcome measure.  The treatment variable is composed of two groups, treatment and control. The results are that the mean for the treatment group is higher than the mean for the control group. But what if the researcher is also interested in whether the treatment is equally effective for females and males. That is, is there a difference in treatment depending on gender group? This is a question of interaction (Stevens, 1999).

I spent a lot of time trying to find an example that I can use to give me a better idea of variables from a work, social, or academic population, and even though I can put forth a definition, I still have a hard time wrapping my head around it.  I found this YouTube video on main effects and interaction of sleep deprivation and caffeine that helped a little.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OE46w0RqmQA

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Statistical interaction can be described as the effect of one of the independent variable that may depend on the importance level of another independent variable.  For there
to be a statistical interaction there must be a factorial design consisting of two or more independent variables become crossed with each other so that there may be observations at every level of the two or more independents.

In my current position we perform many Mini Mental exams every day to our geriatric inpatient mental health patients. We admit patients with various mental health conditions ranging from depression and being alert and oriented times four, to a stoke or traumatic brain injury who are confused and disoriented.  I am going to use the
example of performing research on patients who are alert and oriented times four and staff (if there are not enough participants) in the effects of practice and stress level with the memory task performance using the Mini Mental Exam. The researcher will provide a variety of words to each participant for them to remember and will ask for a recall in a non stressful atmosphere where the participants are told the recall number of words in not important. Later, the researcher will provide the variety of words to be recalled in a
high stressful atmosphere and the researcher stress the importance and expectation of the words to be recalled. The dependent variable in this example should be the words recalled for the list provided by the researcher.

To create an 8- to 9-slide PowerPoint presentation:

  

· Briefly describe your healthcare organization, including its culture and readiness for change. 

· Describe the current problem or opportunity for change. Include in this description the circumstances surrounding the need for change, the scope of the issue, the stakeholders involved, and the risks associated with change implementation in general.

· Propose an evidence-based idea for a change in practice using an evidence-based practice approach to decision making. Note that you may find further research needs to be conducted if sufficient evidence is not discovered. 

· Describe your plan for knowledge transfer of this change, including knowledge creation, dissemination, and organizational adoption and implementation. 

· Describe the measurable outcomes you hope to achieve with the implementation of this evidence-based change. 

Post a brief explanation of the differences between the types of diabetes, including type 1, type 2, gestational, and juvenile diabetes. Describe one type of drug used to treat the type of diabetes you selected, including proper preparation and administration of this drug. Be sure to include dietary considerations related to treatment. Then, explain the short-term and long-term impact of this type of diabetes on patients. including effects of drug treatments. Be specific and provide examples.

pls use as reference, additional reference allowed

Rosenthal, L. D., & Burchum, J. R. (2018). Lehne’s pharmacotherapeutics for advanced practice providers. St. Louis, MO: Elsevier.
Chapter 46, “Drugs for Diabetes Mellitus” (pp. 485–509)
Chapter 47, “Drugs for Thyroid Disorders” (pp. 511–520)

American Diabetes Association. (2018). Pharmacologic approaches to glycemic treatment: Standards of medical care in diabetes—2018. Diabetes Care, 41(Supplement 1), S73–S85. Retrieved from http://care.diabetesjournals.org/content/41/supplement_1/s73.full-text.pdf

This article provides guidance on pharmacologic approaches to glycemic treatment as it pertains to treating patients with diabetes. Reflect on the content of this article as you continue to examine potential drug treatments for patients with diabetes.

 

Gastrointestinal disorders are a significant cause of stress for pediatric patients and their families. Symptoms of these disorders range from mild to severe and may include complaints such as abdominal pain, cramping, constipation, nausea, bloating, and fatigue. Since multiple disorders can result in these same symptoms, it is important to carefully assess patients to develop differential diagnoses. Depending on the age of the patient, assessments can sometimes be difficult because younger children are not always able to clearly communicate their symptoms. Pediatric patient evaluations must involve a combination of patient input, parent input, and your own observations from physical exams and diagnostics. As you read the following three case studies, consider the source (i.e., patient, parent, or practitioner) of the provided patient information.

Case Study 1

Jordan is a 4-year-old with a 1-day history of vomiting and diarrhea. His mother reports he awoke this morning vomiting and his vomitus contained last night’s dinner. He vomited three more times this morning but has not vomited in 5 hours. Approximately one hour ago, he had a large diarrhea stool that did not contain blood or mucus. He has had small sips of sports drinks since this morning. His last urination occurred 3 hours ago and the volume was small and the color dark yellow. Physical examination reveals a quiet and tired child with normal exam except for increased bowel sounds, but no abdominal distension, pain with palpation, or masses.

Case Study 2

Victoria is a 15-year-old who complains of chronic sore throat and bad taste in her mouth. Her height and weight are appropriate for age and she remains on the same growth trajectory since infancy. Abdominal examination and chest examination are negative. History reveals frequent burping and occasional feelings of regurgitating food. Diet history reveals she eats a balanced diet, but her primary sources of fluids are coffee, tea, and carbonated drinks.

Case Study 3

Trish is a 7-year-old who presents with abdominal pain. Further questioning reveals frequent stool soiling and a history of chronic constipation since infancy. The child does not remember when her last bowel movement was, but her mother reports that she had an ”accident” at a family gathering last night where she defecated in her underwear prior to reaching the bathroom. Physical examination is benign except for the presence of palpable stool in the descending colon and an enlarged rectal vault with hard stool.

To prepare:

• Review “Gastrointestinal Disorders” of the Burns et al. text.
• Review and select one of the three provided case studies. Analyze the patient information.
• Consider a differential diagnosis for the patient in the case study you selected. Think about the most likely diagnosis for the patient.
• Think about a treatment and management plan for the patient. Be sure to consider appropriate dosages for any recommended pharmacologic and/or non-pharmacologic treatments.
• Consider strategies for educating patients and families on the treatment and management of the gastrointestinal disorder

By Day 3

Post an explanation of the differential diagnosis for the patient in the case study you selected. Explain which is the most likely diagnosis for the patient and why. Include an explanation of unique characteristics of the disorder you identified as the primary diagnosis. Then, explain a treatment and management plan for the patient, including appropriate dosages for any recommended treatments. Finally, explain strategies for educating patients and families on the treatment and management of the gastrointestinal disorder.

 

The RN to BSN program at Grand Canyon University meets the requirements for clinical competencies as defined by the Commission on Collegiate Nursing Education (CCNE) and the American Association of Colleges of Nursing (AACN), using nontraditional experiences for practicing nurses. These experiences come in the form of direct and indirect care experiences in which licensed nursing students engage in learning within the context of their hospital organization, specific care discipline, and local communities.

This assignment consists of both an interview and a PowerPoint (PPT) presentation.

Assessment/Interview

Select a community of interest in your region. Perform a physical assessment of the community.

1. Perform a direct assessment of a community of interest using the “Functional Health Patterns Community Assessment Guide.”
2. Interview a community health and public health provider regarding that person’s role and experiences within the community.

Interview Guidelines

Interviews can take place in-person, by phone, or by Skype.

Develop interview questions to gather information about the role of the provider in the community and the health issues faced by the chosen community.

Complete the “Provider Interview Acknowledgement Form” prior to conducting the interview. Submit this document separately in its respective drop box.

Compile key findings from the interview, including the interview questions used, and submit these with the presentation.

PowerPoint Presentation

Create a PowerPoint presentation of 15-20 slides (slide count does not include title and references slide) describing the chosen community interest.

Include the following in your presentation:

1. Description of community and community boundaries: the people and the geographic, geopolitical, financial, educational level; ethnic and phenomenological features of the community, as well as types of social interactions; common goals and interests; and barriers, and challenges, including any identified social determinates of health.
2. Summary of community assessment: (a) funding sources and (b) partnerships.
3. Summary of interview with community health/public health provider.
4. Identification of an issue that is lacking or an opportunity for health promotion.
5. A conclusion summarizing your key findings and a discussion of your impressions of the general health of the community.

While APA style is not required for the body of this assignment, solid academic writing is expected, and documentation of sources should be presented using APA format ting guidelines, which can be found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center.

This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.

You are required to submit this assignment to LopesWrite. Refer to the LopesWrite Technical Support articles for assistance.