Discussion: Performance Standards and Appraisals  Performance appraisals should be timely, thoughtful, consistent, thorough, and free from bias. How can performance appraisal systems be structured to facilitate this type of environment? Effective performance standards and appraisals can promote an open and continuous relationship among the nurse manager, HR professionals, and employees. How might you, as a nurse manager, use performance appraisals and other performance management strategies, such as positive discipline, in your leadership approach?  In this Discussion, you reflect on questions that commonly arise when assessing performance appraisal processes. •Performance Standards: •Who creates performance standards, and how are they communicated to employees? •Are performance standards consistent with quality standards commonly used in the nursing profession? •Do performance standards align with legal and ethical nursing practice?  •Performance Appraisals: •How is employee performance (i.e., behaviors, attitudes, abilities, and skills) documented? •What measures, if any, protect employees from subjectivity? •Are employees asked to engage in any form of self-evaluation?  •Do colleagues participate in peer evaluations such as 360-degree appraisals? •Does the performance appraisal process encourage employee development? •Aside from the written performance measures, what aspects contribute to success or failure in achieving performance improvement?   To prepare •Review this week’s media, “Performance Management,” and consider the best practices highlighted by this week’s presenters. •Reflect on the performance standards and appraisal systems used in your current organization or one with which you are familiar. With the above questions in mind, identify this organization’s strengths and areas for improvement. •Drawing from ideas presented in this week’s Learning Resources, think of specific ways you might improve your organization’s use of performance standards and/or the performance appraisal process.  •Review the article, “Positive Discipline Reaps Retention.” As a nurse manager, how might you incorporate positive discipline into your performance management approach? What effect–good, bad, or indifferent–do you think it would have on your nursing staff?  By Day 3  Post a description of the performance appraisal system used in your workplace, including how performance standards are created and communicated to employees. Describe the effectiveness of the performance appraisal system by sharing at least two strengths and two areas for improvement. Conclude your posting by explaining how you might incorporate positive discipline into your performance management approach and what impact you think it will have.

Required Readings  Lussier, R. N., & Hendon, J. R. (2016). Human resource management: Functions, applications, & skill development (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.     •Chapter 8, “Performance Management and Appraisal” (pp. 274–314) This chapter introduces the performance appraisal process. The authors explain how to effectively carry out performance appraisals, the methods of assessment one can use, and who should be responsible for assessing employees.      •Chapter 9, “Rights and Employee Development&rdquo (pp. 316–355) Chapter 9 provides an overview of employee rights and privileges. It also explains the processes of developing or terminating an employee, providing counseling for problem employees, and effectively using discipline and termination.    Dupee, J. M., Ernst, N. P., & Caslin, K. E. (2011). Does multisource feedback influence performance appraisal satisfaction? Nursing Management, 42(3), 12–16.  Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.     The article focuses on the effects of multisource feedback (MSF) in a nursing environment.   Murray, B. (2003). Positive discipline reaps retention. Nursing Management, 34(6), 19–22.  Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.      Positive discipline can transform communication and relationships between nurse managers and nursing staff. This article examines how nurse managers at a medical center in Boise, Idaho shifted their feedback process to an Alternative Correction Action model based on positive discipline philosophies.

Choose subcategory of practice in End of Life Care and describe how the APRN can provide effective care in end of life management.

Practice 

1. Strive to attain a standard of primary palliative care so that all health care providers have basic knowledge of palliative nursing to improve the care of patients and families. 

2. All nurses will have basic skills in recognizing and managing symptoms, including pain, dyspnea, nausea, constipation, and others. 

3. Nurses will be comfortable having discussions about death, and will collaborate with the care teams to ensure that patients and families have current and accurate information about the possibility or probability of a patient’s impending death. 

4. Encourage patient and family participation in health care decision-making, including the use of advance directives in which both patient preferences and surrogates are identified. 

Please describe each point by separated

in APA FORMAT.

 

Your written assignment for this module should be a 1-2 page paper (not including title page and reference page) that describes the following:

• What are the different types of immunities and give an example of each
• Describe how stress impacts the immunity of a person

You should include a minimum of 3 scholarly references. Include a title page, in-text citations, and a reference page in APA format.

-A patient is admitted to the emergency department complaining of lower back pain. An MRI and CTA scan have been ordered. Findings indicate that the patient has an Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA).

Part I – Describe the pathophysiology, signs and symptoms, and predisposition(s) of an Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm 

Part II – Why were an MRI and CTA scan used as diagnostic tests for this patient? How do they differ? What other diagnostic tests/laboratory tests would be indicated if a AAA is suspected? 

Part III – Discuss pre-surgical medications and the surgical intervention for AAA. If left untreated what are the risks? 

Part IV – What patient education is necessary and what are the implications for family members? 

Must use APA format, grammar and citations.