Post an explanation of at least two opportunities that currently exist for RNs and APRNs to actively participate in policy review. Explain some of the challenges that these opportunities may present and describe how you might overcome these challenges. Finally, recommend two strategies you might make to better advocate for or communicate the existence of these opportunities. Be specific and provide examples.   

APA manual writing rules and style. 

 This week, you will submit summaries of quantitative and qualitative studies. The purpose of this assignment is to become familiar with published research, research designs, and methodologies. For the assignment, you will select two original or primary research studies: one quantitative research study and one qualitative study related to the field of nursing. You will write an abstract of each study.

• The selected articles should be original research studies.
• Review articles, concept analysis, meta-analysis, meta-synthesis, integrative review, and systemic review should NOT be used.
• Mixed-methods studies should not be used.

Assignment Instructions:

1. Your abstracts should begin with the APA Style reference to the research article that is reviewed
2. Your abstracts should be written in your own words. (The abstracts within the studies your choose will not answer all of the assignment questions.)
3. Your abstracts should be accurate, brief, clear, between 150–250 words, and include only the most essential information. 
4. Use current APA Style to format your paper and to cite your sources.
5. You are required to attach both research studies (the full articles) that you use to write your abstracts.The original research study articles may be copied onto a Word document or saved in a PDF format.

NOTE: Because submission of the original articles is part of the assignment requirements and is necessary for grading, any assignment submitted without the accompanying articles will be considered incomplete. An incomplete assignment will be initially assigned a zero. The student has the opportunity to submit articles to complete the assignment. However, if these are submitted after the due date and time, the late penalty will apply. After five days, submissions will not be accepted per University policy, and the grade will remain a zero.

Address the following questions in each of your abstracts:

1. What type of research is it (quantitative, qualitative)?

2. What was the research question(s) or hypothesis?

3. What is the sample (population), the sample size, and sample attributes (characteristics)?

4. What is the setting (facility type, location, and country) of the study?

5. What were the researcher’s results and findings? (Identify one that clearly measures the dependent variable or objective of the research.)

 

Safety and Transportation 

A community assessment begins with a basic windshield survey where each community subsystem is explored.  Explore the relationship of safety and transportation to determinants of health.

Click on the Enter Sentinel City® and continue your virtual experience by taking a bus tour of Sentinel City®.  Since this is your second tour, feel free to choose any bus speed and/or get off the bus at any time to walk around.  As you take the tour, write down your observations, specifically focusing on the following subsystem: safety and transportation.  Meet with Mayor Hill to discuss the subsystems: Safety and Transportation.  Meet with Officer Cooper in Acer Tech about neighborhood crime rates.  Compile your observations and any demographic information addressing each item listed in the first column of the rubric.  We encourage you to add other relevant characteristics you observe that may not be listed in the first column as you complete this activity. 

Reading and Resources

Harkness & DeMarco (2016) Read Chapters 4 & 5

Visit World Health Organization – Determinants of Health

• Visit Healthy People 2020 Determinants of Health
• Visit Healthy People 2020 Objectives
• Visit Health Disparities

Find the health rankings for the county where your practice learning site is located by visiting: “Health Rankings for Your State & County” 

Watch the Levels of Prevention Video

Additional Instructions:

1. All submissions should have a title page and reference page.
2. Utilize a minimum of two scholarly resources.
3. Adhere to grammar, spelling and punctuation criteria.
4. Adhere to APA compliance guidelines.
5. Adhere to the chosen Submission Option for Delivery of Activity guidelines.

Submission Option

Paper

• 1 to 2-page paper. Include title and reference pages.

Health promotion has and remains to be significant to patient care outcomes through its roles that include; management of diseases and provision of tools and resources that enable patients to take personal action and achieve accountability for their own wellness. On this same road to health promotion, health education has been essential in ensuring wellness. By definition, health education is “any combination of learning experiences designed to help individuals and communities improve their health, by increasing their knowledge or influencing their attitudes” (WHO, 2018a, para 1). Therefore, health education plays a paramount role when nurses use it to provide patients with necessary tools and information that empowers them to make informed choices and decisions that enhance health promotion. One way of achieving health education is through the nursing process. This component, which has been the backbone of nursing uses various aspects to include; assessment, diagnosis, planning, implementation and evaluation to help patients achieve desirable health outcomes. Through assessment, the nurse is able to identify a need from which he/she can formulate a diagnosis. Thereafter, by involving the patient, they come up with a plan that is practical and the patient then move to implementing it with the support of the nurse. Finally, through evaluation, the nurse is able to compare the expected outcomes to the actual outcomes done by the patients from which they can work on making necessary improvements to improve health promotion.

One issue that poses as a threat to the wellbeing of a family is the incidents of falls. Despite its prevalence among pediatrics and geriatrics, falls may also occur in any age group. According to (CDC, 2017e), falls are a leading cause of death and disability among geriatrics and are nearly always a preventable cause. CDC also gives statistics of more than 27000 deaths of older adults resulting from falls which is almost 74 elderlies per day. Additionally, of all the reported cases of falls, approximately more than 7 million require medical treatment or restricted activity for at least a day. Through the nursing process, a nurse is able to perform a thorough assessment and employ effective strategies to help prevent this epidemic among susceptible populations (Falkner, 2018)

Some of the ways that can help address prevention of the risk to falls for children are: ensuring Play safety; through safe playground equipment and environment, Home safety; through safe home devices like guardrails, door locks et cetera, Sport safety; through appropriate gear like helmets and sunscreens and lastly Supervision; through guidance from a responsible adult. On the other hand, ensuring safety among the older adults can be through the following; installation of grab bars in the bathroom, decluttering the home environment, strength and balance exercises to improve their balance, removal of small throw rugs, adequate lighting and the use of assistive medical equipment such as walkers. This is helpful to achieving a fall-free environment for both groups. Additionally, collaboration with the case management worker to coordinate with the patient’s insurance company is essential for the acquisition of medical equipment especially for the older adults (Falkner, 2018)

References.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2017e). STEADI – Older adult fall prevention. Retrieved from https://www.cdc.gov/steadi

Falkner, A. (2018). In GCU’s Health Promotion: Health and Wellness Across the Continuum. Retrieved from

https://www.gcumedia.com/digital-resources/grand-canyon-university/2018/health-promotion_health-and-wellness-across-the-continuum_1e.php

 World Health Organization, (2018a). Health education. Retrieved from http://www.who.int/topics/health_education/en

Gaining health education as providers give educators a chance to help individuals and communities on how to enhance their health. Through teaching, hands-on and practicing, patients will feel better about themselves which will make room for healing faster. Proper education will minimize frequent hospital visits from providing a list of proper food, the proper way to store potential hazardous objects around the house to make an available list of organizations that can further assist with continued education. individuals and communities will also benefit from safe transportation and housing.

To develop a health education plan, the individual or the communities must be assessed. Assessment will give the educators ideas of what the patient needs. It will also assist in knowing the strengths and weaknesses of the individual. From the assessment, a diagnosis will be made, whether it is a knowledge deficit or ineffective. From there, a plan is made with the patient being the center of that plan. If the patient is not involved in creating that plan, the plan will not be effective. After a plan is made, education be implemented in the plan. By having the individual demonstrate what was learned is a great way to evaluate whether the plan was effective or not. Cultural competency plays a major role when developing a health education plan.

The active mass shooting has become a major global issue. According to a report from FBI’s Office of Partner Engagement along with FBI’s Criminal Investigation Division and the Advanced Law Enforcement Rapid Response training center at Texas State University, in 2018 alone, “ 27 incidents resulted in 213 casualties (85 people killed and 128 people wounded, excluding the shooters). The highest number of casualties (17 killed and 17 wounded) occurred at Marjory Stoneman Douglas High School in Parkland, Florida.” (FBI’s Office of Partner Engagement, FBI’s Criminal Investigation Division and ALERRT, 2018). Because of these frequent casualties, nurses require more education on the preparedness for those incidents. Parents and families will also require education on gun safety.

Planning comprises creating a kit with essentials in case a tragedy arises. This includes items such as water, flashlights, batteries, first-aid kit, and canned or dried edible food items that should be included. Educators should teach individuals or communities on communicating in meeting areas in case of a disaster. Per Angel Falkner, “Families should also take the time to discuss types of disasters with members of the family, including small children.” (Falkner, 2018). It is normal for families to panic at the time of a disaster but with good education and planning, it will alleviate some of the stress that may arise.

Reference

Falkner, A. (2018). Health Promotion in Nursing Care. Grand Canyon University. Retrieved from https://lc.gcumedia.com/nrs429vn/health-promotion-health-and-wellness-across-the-continuum/v1.1/#/chapter/4

FBI’s Office of Partner Engagement, FBI’s Criminal Investigation Division, and ALERRT. (2018). Active shooting incident in the United States in 2018. Washington D.C. Retrieved from https://www.fbi.gov/file-repository/active-shooter-incidents-in-the-us-2018-041019.pdf/view

                                                     Initial Post

The Code of Ethics for Nurses Act provides guidance to these professionals on how to conduct themselves and handle various topics in a professional manner when dealing with public matters (Notes, n.d.).  Some of these ethics may be conflicting as well as competing with those of their patients, place of work to their personal ethics. Milstead and Short (2017)  therefore deduce on the importance of nurses being knowledgeable on the area of clinical practice, institutional rules and procedures, the Nurses Code of Ethics and the field of ethics, as well as understanding their personal values. 

In our case, Lena is therefore a nurse who is bound by these regulations as a professional. However, there are various ways of reasoning through this ethical problem to find an ethical solution. The American Nursing Association, 2015 (ANA) endorses patient privacy and confidentiality protection for the purpose of upholding a trusting relationship between healthcare providers and patients (American Nursing Association, 2015). Confidentiality therefore means that the patient’s information and identity is kept private at all times, meaning that the patient retains the right to decide whom to share the information with. Lena’s sister’s boyfriend is therefore protected under this code. 

However, ANA 2015 annuls this protection and confidentiality code in the case that a person’s life is at risk or could endanger the public, meaning that Lena’s sister is protected here.  If I were Lena, I would inform my sister’s boyfriend of his rights as a patient and the importance of sharing the information with his girlfriend to avoid infecting her. . I would stay within my scope of practice and make sure that the patient reports the information to the required entities.

References

American Nursing Association. (June 2015). American Nursing Association Position Statement on Privacy and Confidentiality. Retrieved from https://www.nursingworld.org/~4ad4a8/globalassets/docs/ana/position-statement-privacy-and-confidentiality.pdf

Milstead, J. & Short, N. (2019). Health policy and politics : a nurse’s guide. Burlington, MA: Jones & Bartlett Learning.

Notes on Guide to the Code of Ethics for Nurses: Interpretation and Application

Based in this Post posted above,  answer the following question 

My state is : Florida

In researching for this discussion post, I ran across a law from the state of Maryland that reads, “It is the responsibility of the physician to ensure that partner notification occurs, either by the patient or by the physician.  Assistance can be requested from the health department.” (“Maryland Partner Notification,” n.d.).  The law does not state how and within what time period the partner should be notified.  Are there any laws such as this where you are from?  What regulating agencies certify that physicians are upheld to this standard for reporting?

References

HIV/AIDS reporting and partner notification. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://healthymaryland.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/03/10-HIVAIDS-Reporting-and-Partner-Notification.pdf