Your response to the prompts below should be approximately 250 words in length and clearly address the prompt. This means it must be a thoughtful response within a paragraph format. Your responses should observe the conventions of standard American English grammar and syntax. You may wish to include specific quotes from the text to substantiate your responses. Should you quote or paraphrase the text within your posting, be sure to include citations using APA format.

Please discuss “Chagas disease”.  What population does the disease impact the most and why? Discuss a proposed intervention.

200 words for each response

1) 

The mission of the schools in the local area system that was investigated is to promote the health and wellness for the students and their families, their staff, and the community.  The county schools believe that the nurses should be committed to providing comprehensive, quality health care to students using a systematic approach to identify and meet the dynamic health needs of all students including chronic health conditions, disabilities, and those with acute and emergency care situation (Maryland Department of Health, 2019).  The professional school nurse is an important member of the multidisciplinary school team and collaborates with other disciplines to enhance the academic success of students.  The school nurse promotes improvement of children’s health, removes barriers to learning, and improves overall potential for academic success.  Parents are encouraged to contact their child’s school nurse to discuss any health related needs.  Some of the schools in the county have Wellness Centers where the center provides care that minimizes the physical and emotional conditions that become barriers to optimal school performance.  The goal is to make students available for learning by promoting health, preventing disease, and reducing behavioral risks.

One existing condition that the schools deal with is sickle cell disease (SCD).  Children with SCD are more susceptible to infection.  Infection is the most common cause of death in children with SCD (Maryland Department of Health, 2019).  Most children with SCD are vaccinated against infectious organisms and generally use prophylactic measures to decrease risk of infections.  Fevers should be taken seriously for a child with SCD.  Other health complications include chronic pain, stroke, vision problems, progressive organ damage, acute chest syndrome, priapism, pulmonary hypertension, and anemia.  Although people of all races and ethnicity can have SCD, in the United States SCD is most common among persons of African descent.  The condition is also common among persons of Hispanic, Mediterranean, Caribbean, and Asian descent.  There are various types of SCD ranging from mild to severe.  Each individual with SCD may have a different clinical presentation; therefore students may have individualize care plans.  The school nurse is always the leader of the school health services team.  Some students with SCD may have a designated school case manager to coordinate his or her Individualized Educational Plan (IEP).  The school nurse also serves as the liaison and advocate for the student.  The school nurse may also refer the student and or family for counseling, support groups, and medical care.  Moreover, the county has school-wide awareness and education regarding SCD management for school staff.  Awareness and education may include, but is not limited to: definition and types of SCD; effective SCD management principles; symptoms of a SCD crises to report to the school nurse; student’s emergency care plan/protocol; student’s emergency plans and protocols for substitutes including teacher, school health staff, transportation, coaches, and food services; necessary and approved accommodations during school or school-sponsored activities; confidentiality protections; disability awareness needed in classroom; student’s IEP; and education for school visitors or volunteers with student contact, as necessary per local policy (Maryland Department of Health, 2019).  It is recommended that school staff awareness and education is completed annually and whenever a student’s condition and care changes.

Reference

Maryland Department of Health. (2019). Management of sickle cell in schools. Retrieved from https://www.sicklecelldisease.org/files/sites/181/2019/06/SickleCellDiseaseGuidelines-1.pdf

2) 

I looked into a major school district in my area and found that the schools in my area have a nurse assigned to each school. The school nurse helps students with chronic illnesses like type one diabetes manage their illness. The school nurse also watches out for children with communicable diseases and decides to send them home if they have diarrhea, vomiting, fever, or a deep cough. Parents are also instructed to not send their kids to school if they have a communicable disease or lice. The school district policy is that children must be 24 hours being symptom-free before they can return to school. The school nurse cannot give medications that are prescribed three times a day at school unless the doctor says that medication during school hours. The school nurse will not give narcotics or any form of cannabis even with a doctor’s order. The school nurse will also provide hearing screenings in preschool, kindergarten, grades 1, 2, 6, and 9. The school nurse also will screen vision screenings during the same year as the hearing test. Another screening that the school nurse does is scream for scoliosis when kids are in sixth and seventh grades. The school nurse also makes sure that students are up to date on their vaccines in order to be entered into the school.

The school nurse helps promote Health by helping students who have chronic diseases manage their health. The school nurse also promotes health by sending kids home that show signs of a communicable disease and prevents communicable disease spread by making sure students are up-to-date on their vaccinations. Doing a quick screening for hearing, vision, and scoliosis will also ensure that all parents are aware if their child needs to see a provider for these medical conditions.

The Center for Disease Control [CDC] (2019) explains that school health services can promote health for students by providing acute and emergency care, care coordination, chronic disease management, and family engagement. The school nurse can help with acute or emergency care if a student is in a medical crisis like a seizure. The nurse can also respond if a violent crime were to happen on campus. The school nurse will coordinate health care with families, health care providers, administration, and teachers (CDC, 2019). The school nurse will work with students with chronic conditions by helping to manage their condition for example like helping children with glucose checks and providing insulin. The school nurse can also help engage families of students by giving parents health status updates and giving students extra dietary and physical considerations (CDC, 2019).

Reference:

Centers for Disease Control. (2019, May 29). School health services. Retrieved from

https://www.cdc.gov/healthyschools/schoolhealthservices.htm.

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In 500-750 words, develop an evaluation plan to be included in your final evidence-based practice project. Provide the following criteria in the evaluation, making sure it is comprehensive and concise:

1. Describe the rationale for the methods used in collecting the outcome data.
2. Describe the ways in which the outcome measures evaluate the extent to which the project objectives are achieved.
3. Describe how the outcomes will be measured and evaluated based on the evidence. Address validity, reliability, and applicability.
4. Describe strategies to take if outcomes do not provide positive results.
5. Describe implications for practice and future research.

You are required to cite three to five sources to complete this assignment. Sources must be published within the last 5 years and appropriate for the assignment criteria and nursing content.

Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required.

This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.

You are required to submit this assignment to LopesWrite. Please refer to the directions in the Student Success Center.

Monica Bullock    1 posts   Re: Topic 3 DQ 1  Paz-Pacheco, E., Sandoval, M. A., Ardena, G. J. R., Paterno, E., Juban, N., Lantion-Ang, F. L., … Bongon, J. (2017). Effectiveness of a community-based diabetes self-management education (DSME) program in a rural agricultural setting. Primary Health Care Research & Development (Cambridge University Press / UK), 18(1), 35–49. https://doi- org.lopes.idm.oclc.org/10.1017/S1463423616000335  This study was done to assess the effectiveness of diabetes self-management in rural agricultural towns. It gives a great out line of how the programs were implemented and great statistics. This fits with the population that I deal with at my practicum sight. The down side is that the study was conducted in the Philippines. Not that the information is not valid it just makes it less relatable. On that not I think I would need more information for evidence based practice changes, something relatable to the US. For my capstone project I think it provides great ideas to solve the problem.  Carlos Vasconcelos, António Almeida, Maria Cabral, Elisabete Ramos, & Romeu Mendes. (2019). The Impact of a Community-Based Food Education Program on Nutrition- Related Knowledge in Middle-Aged and Older Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: Results of a Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, (13), 2403. https://doi-org.lopes.idm.oclc.org/10.3390/ijerph16132403  This study focused on food based interventions. Educating the community on food and how it will affect the body. Randomly people were assigned a workout program and diet program then tested the knowledge of food nutrients through a questionnaire before and after to produce results. I think this is a good study to use because it shows how food is a major role in life style changes and the effects on A1C. The down side is the study data is confusion to read and it does only focus on a specific demographic, but it does apply to the question I want to answer. This would be relatable and with the support of another study would be great for evidence based change.  Prezio, E. A., Pagán, J. A., Shuval, K., & Culica, D. (2014). The Community Diabetes Education (CoDE) Program: Cost-Effectiveness and Health Outcomes. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 47(6), 771–779. https://doi- org.lopes.idm.oclc.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2014.08.016  The study looks at how effective community based teaching programs are with minority and low income groups. Once education was initiated the participants A1 C was tracked for a year to observe for any improvements. Cost was also evaluated vs benefits. I think this is a good one study to use since in recent years I have seen these type of programs pop up in the community. The study focuses on Mexican American who are uninsured, a large part of my community population. I think this would provide enough for evidence based practice changes since it is relatable to my community.  Bielamowicz, M. K., Pope, P., & Rice, C. A. (2013). Sustaining a Creative Community-Based Diabetes Education Program: Motivating Texans With Type 2 Diabetes to Do Well With Diabetes Control. Diabetes Educator, 39(1), 119–127. https://doi- org.lopes.idm.oclc.org/10.1177/0145721712470605  This is an interesting one that take place in Texas and uses cooking as the way to have patients take action in the their own self-care. Using a free healthy cooking class offered to anyone that signed up participants were interviewed at the beginning to see what they viewed as healthy life style changes and cooking. A1Cwere also measured and glucoses levels. At the end of the classes the same things were measured to show improvement and more interest in self-care. This is a unique way to have patients take responsibility for their care through the food they prepare. The down side is the person has to have an interest in cooking and food. On its own I think this would have a strong argument for evidence based changes, but would be stronger with added support from a different study.  Aguiar, E. J., Morgan, P. J., Collins, C. E., Plotnikoff, R. C., Young, M. D., & Callister, R. (2016). Efficacy of the Type 2 Diabetes Prevention Using LifeStyle Education Program RCT. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 50(3), 353–364. https://doiorg.lopes.idm.oclc.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2015.08.020  This study looks at the PULSE program which contains education on weight loss through life style modifications. It followed high risk men for one year to see if there was improvements in A1C and glucose with the implementation. The program is gender tailored and individually tailored. Weakens would be it only focusses on men, but still could provide good information on life style changes and the effects.

 

There is often the requirement to evaluate descriptive statistics for data within the organization or for health care information. Every year the National Cancer Institute collects and publishes data based on patient demographics. Understanding differences between the groups based upon the collected data often informs health care professionals towards research, treatment options, or patient education.

Using the data on the “National Cancer Institute Data” Excel spreadsheet, calculate the descriptive statistics indicated below for each of the Race/Ethnicity groups. Refer to your textbook and the Topic Materials, as needed, for assistance in with creating Excel formulas.

Provide the following descriptive statistics:

1. Measures of Central Tendency: Mean, Median, and Mode
2. Measures of Variation: Variance, Standard Deviation, and Range (a formula is not needed for Range).
3. Once the data is calculated, provide a 150-250 word analysis of the descriptive statistics on the spreadsheet. This should include differences and health outcomes between groups.

APA style is not required, but solid academic writing is expected.

This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion. 

You are not required to submit this assignment to LopesWrite.

AttachmentsHLT-362V-RS5-NationalCancerInstitutedata.xlsx