Topic 1: Child and Adolescent Health Risks

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Obesity is not exclusive to adults. Each day, more and more children are finding themselves at risk for overweight and obesity. Childhood obesity often accompanies many of the obesity-related conditions adults affected by obesity often experience, such as type 2 diabetes, hypertension, sleep apnea and more. Recent data shows that up to 80 percent of children affected by obesity will continue to be affected by obesity into adulthood (Lobstein, et all, 2015). Obesity impacts children in a variety of ways. First and foremost, a child’s health is impacted as they have now opened themselves up to a wide variety of health issues – issues that most of us didn’t experience until middle-age. In addition to health implications, there’s also one other area that children face which can be very serious – weight bias and bullying. Kids impacted by obesity often find themselves the target of bullying. This bullying can take place in the classroom, in your neighborhood and even in your own home. It is very important to recognize this type of behavior and address it quickly (Lobstein, et all, 2015). The Obesity Action Coalition (OAC), a nonprofit dedicated to educating and advocating for those affected by obesity, provides valuable resources on weight bullying.

Over the last decades, food has become more affordable to larger numbers of people as the price of food has decreased substantially relative to income and the concept of ‘food’ has changed from a means of nourishment to a marker of lifestyle and a source of pleasure. Clearly, increases in physical activity are not likely to offset an energy rich, poor nutritive diet. It takes between 1–2 hours of extremely vigorous activity to counteract a single large-sized (i.e., >=785 kcal) children’s meal at a fast food restaurant (Lobstein, et all, 2015). Frequent consumption of such a diet can hardly be counteracted by the average child or adult.

It has been hypothesized that a steady decline in physical activity among all age groups has heavily contributed to rising rates of obesity all around the world. Physical activity strongly influenced weight gain in a study of monozygotic twins (Rivera, et all, 2014). Numerous studies have shown that sedentary behaviors like watching television and playing computer games are associated with increased prevalence of obesity. Furthermore, parents report that they prefer having their children watch television at home rather than play outside unattended because parents are then able to complete their chores while keeping an eye on their children (Rivera, et all, 2014). In addition, increased proportions of children who are being driven to school and low participation rates in sports and physical education, particularly among adolescent girls, are also associated with increased obesity prevalence.

Almost all public health researchers and clinicians agree that prevention could be the key strategy for controlling the current epidemic of obesity. Prevention may include primary prevention of overweight or obesity itself, secondary prevention or avoidance of weight regains following weight loss, and prevention of further weight increases in obese individuals unable to lose weight (Rivera, et all, 2014). Until now, most approaches have focused on changing the behavior of individuals on diet and exercise and it seems that these strategies have had little impact on the growing increase of the obesity epidemic.

Discuss  and provide 2 specific ways Early Conceptualization About Nursing Theory can be applied to advanced practice nursing. Identify one MSN Essential that most relates to this particular topic.

* find the MSN Essentials which help to guide and shape graduate nursing education. Select 1 of these essentials that most closely reflect the concepts of this theory.**

Please make sure that your submission adheres to the following:

3. All discussion posts must be minimum 250 words, references must be cited in APA format, and must include minimum of 2 scholarly resources published within the past 5-7 years.  Please be sure to cite your reference(s) in APA format, at the end of your posting. Students must respond at least to 2 classmates and response posts must be minimum 100 words.

 Please create a Power Point to answer the following:

Case study

Ann, a community nurse, made an afternoon home visit with Susan and her father. After the death of her mother, Susan had growing concerns about her father living alone. “I worry about my father all the time. He is becoming more forgetful and he has trouble seeing. Mom used to take care of him. I am not sleeping and I am irritable around him. Yesterday I shouted at him because he wouldn’t let me help him with his laundry. I felt terrible! I am at my wits’ end! My brothers and sisters do not want to put dad in a nursing home but they are not willing to help out. As usual, they have left me with all the responsibility. I work part time and have two small children to care for.” Susan’s father, Sam, sat quietly with tears filling his eyes. He was well nourished and well-groomed but would not make eye contact. Nurse Ann noticed that the house was clean and orderly. A tray in front of the TV had the remains of a ham sandwich and glass of ice tea. Mail was piled up, unopened on a small table near the front door. There was only one car in the driveway and the yard was in need of attention.

1. What questions does Orlando’s theory guide the nurse to consider in caring for Susan and Sam?
2. Develop a family plan of care from the perspective of Orlando.

Explore the 1950 and 60’s in the United States:

1. Explore was happening in the United States during this time (culture, social, economics, struggles)
2. What did nursing look like during this time (what were their jobs like, responsibilities, dress, autonomy, respect)
3. What is the most influential accomplishment in nursing theory from the 1950’s and 1960’s?

Power Point should include at least 4 outside references and the textbook. It should include title and reference slides and be 14-20 slides.

Select one of the case studies below, and include discussion of your strategy for winning the patients cooperation while teaching concepts concerning pathological states to them and their families.

Requirements

1. Make sure all of the topics in the case study have been addressed.
2. Cite at least three sources; journal articles, textbooks or evidenced-based websites to support the content.
3. All sources must be within five years.
4. Do not use .com, Wikipedia, or up-to-date, etc., for your sources.

Case Study 1

Concepts of Altered Health in Older Adults

Joseph P. is an 82-year-old male living at home. He is in overall good health and enjoys taking long walks as often as possible. During his walks, he likes to stop for a cold glass of fruit juice at the local cafeteria. On cold or rainy days, he rides a stationary bicycle at home for 30 minutes to “stay in good shape.”

1. What physiological factors would typically increase Joseph’s risk of falling while walking outdoors?
2. What are the common changes in blood pressure regulation that occurs with aging?
3. Joseph enjoys fruit juice when he walks. Considering the renal system in the older adult, why would dehydration be a particular concern?

Case Study 2

Structure and Function of the Kidney

Rivka is an active 21-year-old who decided to take a day off from her university classes. The weather was hot and the sun bright, so she decided to go down to the beach. When she arrived, she found a few people playing beach volleyball, and they asked if she wanted to join in. She put down her school bag and began to play. The others were well prepared for their day out and stopped throughout the game to have their power drinks and soda pop. Several hours after they began to play, however, Rivka was not feeling so good. She stopped sweating and was feeling dizzy. One player noted she had not taken a washroom break at all during the day. They found a shaded area for her, and one of the players shared his power drink with her. Rivka was thirstier than she realized and quickly finished the drink.

1. In pronounced dehydration, hypotension can occur. How would this affect the glomerular filtration rate of the kidney? What actions by the juxtaglomerular apparatus would occur to restore GFR?
2. What is the effect aldosterone has on the distal convoluted tubule? Why would the actions of aldosterone be useful to Rivka in her situation?
3. What does a specific gravity test measure? If someone tested the specific gravity of Rivka’s urine, what might it indicate?

4 pages not including title and reference page.

Week 5: Case Study

Ebook attached below: Nutritional Foundations and Clinical Applications: A Nursing Approach 7th Edition

Nurse’s Touch: Wellness and Self-Care: Eating Healthy and Maintaining a Healthy Weight Case Study. 

1. How does additional body weight affect the physical status?

     

2. What are some of the barriers and challenges to losing weight in the U.S.? 

     

3. Discuss cultural considerations when discussing weight and weight loss with clients. 

     

4. What would you suggest to help Mark achieve a healthy weight? 

APA format (6th ed.) and is free of errors       

Grammar and mechanics are free of errors free of Plagiarism   

References: Use your book, the outside source must be within the last 5 yrs, Scholarly Article or Nurse journals within the last 5 yrs

Type out the questions and respond to the question in APA format with citation and very detailed responses