Book : Role development for professional nursing practice. 

Personal Philosophy of Nursing Essay

Use the questions from Box 3-2 on page 111 of your textbook as a guide as you write your personal philosophy of nursing. The essay is to be typewritten and double-spaced (1,000 words) and should include the following:

1. Introduction that includes who you are and where you practice nursing
2. Definition of nursing
3. Assumptions or underlying beliefs
4. Definitions and examples of the major domains of nursing
5. Summary that includes answers to the following questions:

 a. How are the domains connected?

   b. What is your vision of nursing for the future?

 c. What are the challenges that you will face as a nurse?

 d. What are your goals for professional development?

As adolescents separate from their parents and gain a sense of control, sometimes they are unable to balance stresses. As a result, depression may occur, and, at times, suicide may be the outcome. Choose the topic of either adolescent depression or adolescent suicide. Discuss contributing factors and signs and symptoms that may be observed or assessed in these clients. Describe primary, secondary, and tertiary methods of health prevention for this topic. Research community and state resources and describe at least two of these for your chosen topic. What nursing interventions could you use to assist an adolescent you suspect is depressed beyond referring the adolescent to a state or community resource?

Please, respond to the following discussion in one  paragraph, using only one reference from peer-reviewed Nursing Journal not older than  years. APA format required, no need for cover page.

Changes in Eyes Due to Certain Medical Conditions and Ear Changes Caused by Aging Process

The eyes are our windows to the word. Different medical conditions can cause changes to the eyes. In this discussion I will write about Cataracts, Glaucoma, Diabetes Mellitus, and Chronic Hypertension.

Cataracts is when protein clumps up and clouds the lens, this reduces the light that reaches the retina. The easiest symptom to see objectively is clouded eyes. The patient complains of sensitivity to light and glares. Difficulty with night vision and halos around lights is also a complaint. Blurred vision is reported due to seeing thru clouded eyes.

Glaucoma causes damage to the optic nerve and gets worse over time. It can cause vision loss and blindness overtime. Early treatment can protect from vision loss. Symptoms can be hazy or blurred vision, rainbow colored circles around bright lights, severe eye and head pain, nausea and vomiting with eye pain and sudden eye loss.

Diabetes Mellitus can lead to Diabetic Retinopathy which affects vessels in the light sensitive tissue called the retina. This is the leading cause of blindness among the working age. Symptoms can be wavy vision, color changes, spots or floaters, trouble with night vision. Increase in sugar level causes the lens of the eye to swell which affects vision. Decrease in sugar level causes blurriness and double vision.

Chronic Hypertension can cause damage to the blood vessels in the retina, the area at the back of the eye where images focus, this is known as hypertensive retinopathy. This can lead to blindness. Symptoms can be fluid oozing from blood vessels, double vision, blurred vision, swelling of the optic nerve or macula, and spots on retina known as cotton wool spots.

These conditions can be managed and prevented in some cases if not most with proper attention and education.

There are changes to the ears due to the aging process. Older adults should be asked about hearing loss, vertigo, ringing in the ears ( tinnitus), and even dizziness.

Otoslerosis is a possibility especially in older adults. Otoslerosis happens due to slow fusion of ossicles in the middle ear, this obstructs sound waves. This can cause difficulty with distinguishing sounds when it is noisy. Mumbled speech can also be a symptom.

Presbycusis happens over time and it is a natural sensor neural loss. The hair cells in the cochlea become less flexible. Hearing deficiency is a symptom.

During Review of Systems these conditions should be asked about. Sometimes patients are not even aware of these changes and need to be educated so they can seek help.

When pediatric clients present with mood disorders, the process of assessing, diagnosing, and treating them can be quite complex. Children not only present with different signs and symptoms than adult clients with the same disorders, but they also metabolize medications much differently. As a result, psychiatric mental health nurse practitioners must exercise caution when prescribing psychotropic medications to these clients. For this Assignment, as you examine the client case study in this week’s Learning Resources, consider how you might assess and treat pediatric clients presenting with mood disorders.

Note: This Assignment is the first of 10 assignments that are based on interactive client case studies. For these assignments, you will be required to make decisions about how to assess and treat clients. Each of your decisions will have a consequence. Some consequences will be insignificant, and others may be life altering. You are not expected to make the “right” decision every time; in fact, some scenarios may not have a “right” decision. You are, however, expected to learn from each decision you make and demonstrate the ability to weigh risks versus benefits to prescribe appropriate treatments for clients.

The Assignment

Examine Case Study: An African American Child Suffering From Depression. You will be asked to make three decisions concerning the medication to prescribe to this client. Be sure to consider factors that might impact the client’s pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic processes.

• At each decision point stop to complete the following:
  • Decision #1
    • Which decision did you select?
    • Why did you select this decision? Support your response with evidence and references to the Learning Resources.
    • What were you hoping to achieve by making this decision? Support your response with evidence and references to the Learning Resources.
    • Explain any difference between what you expected to achieve with Decision #1 and the results of the decision. Why were they different?
  • Decision #2
    • Why did you select this decision? Support your response with evidence and references to the Learning Resources.
    • What were you hoping to achieve by making this decision? Support your response with evidence and references to the Learning Resources.
    • Explain any difference between what you expected to achieve with Decision #2 and the results of the decision. Why were they different?
  • Decision #3
    • Why did you select this decision? Support your response with evidence and references to the Learning Resources.
    • What were you hoping to achieve by making this decision? Support your response with evidence and references to the Learning Resources.
    • Explain any difference between what you expected to achieve with Decision #3 and the results of the decision. Why were they different?
• Also include how ethical considerations might impact your treatment plan and communication with clients.

Note: Support your rationale with a minimum of three academic resources. While you may use the course text to support

ZERO PLAGIARISM

FOUR REFERENCES

1-In order to get real results, and a truly random study we need to not have bias. Its one of the things that I notice most when people are having their vaccine debate, or with political garb. You can almost always tell when someone has an agenda they are trying to push. 

2-An important feature of a good study is that the sample is randomly selected from the target population which is the entire group of individuals that the researcher is interested in studying. To choose randomly means that every member of the target population has an equal chance of being included in the sample. This will prevent biased in the sample group.

To prevent problems in obtaining a truly random sampling, several steps can be taken.

1. The      target population is well defined. If not well defined, the sample that is      actually studied may be outside the intended population or the survey may      include people that should be included.
2. The      sample matches the target population. It would be difficult to ask      everyone in the target population to provide the wanted information, so      the best that the researcher can do is select a subset of individuals from      the population and gather information from them.
3. The      sample size is large enough. If there is a large sample size that is      representative of the target population (randomly selected) the      information is likely to be accurate.

In any research project, steps must be taken to prevent biased. Part of that process is to realize the importance of random sampling. Bias can easily be introduced by not defining the target population well enough, ensuring the sample matches the target population and ensuring the sample size is large enough.

Reference:

Rumsey, D., (2010). Statistics Essentials for Dummies. Wiley Publishing, Inc. Indianapolis, IN

3-Sampling is the process of selecting a representative group from the population under study. It is more or less impossible to study every single person in a target population so psychologists select a sample or sub-group of the population that is likely to be representative of the target population we are interested in. If the sample we select is going to represent the target population then we need to make sure that the people in it are similar to the other members of the target population. This is important because we want to generalize from the sample to target population. The participants in research, the sample should be as representative as possible of target population. The more representative the sample, the more confident the researcher can be the results can be generalized to the target population. Everyone in the entire target population has an equal chance being selected. This is s similar to the national lottery. If the ‘population’ is everyone, who has bought a lottery ticket, then each person has an equal chance of winning the lottery. Random samples require a way of naming or numbering the target population and then using some type of raffle method to choose those to make up the sample. Random samples are the best method of selecting your samples from the population of interest. The advantages are that your sample should represent the target population and eliminate sampling unfairness, but the disadvantage is that it is very difficult to achieve.

     One of the  problems that can occur when selecting a sample from a target population is sampling bias, sampling bias refers to situation where the samples doesn’t reflect the characteristics of the target population. Many psychology studies have a biased sample because they have used a opportunity sample that comprises university students as their participants

Reference:

McLeod, S.A. (2014) .Sampling methods. Retrieved from www. simply psychology.org//sampling.html

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