Class 1 Unit 6 COMMENT 3 2025

Purpose: Comment the Discussion Thing to Remember: • Answer this discussion with opinions/ideas creatively and clearly. Supports post using several outside, peer-reviewed sources. • 1 References, f ind resources that are 5 years or less • No errors with APA format 6 Edition Discussion: (Topic: NP and APN Roles Comparison) Nurse practitioners are nurses with a master’s level education. They are considered expert clinicians that are able to diagnose, treat and prescribe medications while promoting the prevention of disease and health management. Advanced practice nurse is a blanket term and according to Hamric, Hanson, Tracy & O’Grady, (2014) “advanced practice nursing is often defined as a constellation of four roles the NP, CNS, CNM and CRNA” (p.70). The qualifications to be considered an APN are having attended graduate school, obtaining certifications and direct patient care. Certifications test aptitude and the term specialized encompasses expanding your knowledge base and skills in a particular area within the art of nursing. The credentialing is what separates specialty nursing from advanced nursing practice. This makes them specialized in areas like emergency medicine, trauma and pediatrics just to name a few. Licensure and its requirements vary from state to state and advanced practice nurses are governed the by the nurse practice act of each state providing licensure (Kim, 2015). There are two major difference between a nurse practitioner (NP) and a physician assistant (PA) and that is the education requirements and that a PA must work under the supervision of a physician. The ability for an NP to practice on their own varies from state to state some states allow autonomy while others do not. The NP curriculum is based on nursing conceptual models (Intrator, Miller, Gadbois, Acquah, Makineni & Tyler, 2015) and the PA’s are based on medical models. The PA qualifies through general medical exams and NP’s qualify through population specific examinations such as geriatrics or pediatrics. The similarities between the two are the ability to provide primary care by diagnosing and prescribing. The beauty if being a nurse practitioner is the ability to nursing allows one to build upon previous knowledge. I myself began as a licensed practical nurse have successfully moved across the continuum and hope to receive a master’s degree within the next two years. Reference: Hamric, A. B., Hanson, C. M., Tracy, M. F., O’Grady, E. T. (2014). Advanced Practice Nursing: An Integrative Approach, 5th Edition . St. Louis, MO: Saunders. Intrator, O., Miller, E. A., Gadbois, E., Acquah, J. K., Makineni, R., & Tyler, D. (2015). Trends in nurse practitioner and physician assistant practice in nursing homes, 2000-2010. Health Services Research , (6). 1772. doi:10.1111/1475-6773.12410. Kim, H. S. (2015). The Essence of Nursing Practice: Philosophy and Perspective . New York, NY: Springer Publishing Company.

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APA Paper on Medication Insulin Lispro 2025

Medication Insulin Lispro Due July 2, 2017 Document APA Format Note any additional references used (See Attached information from the FDA-Food & Drug Administration) Include information in the paper that is in Bold (see information noted from my initial research) Pharmacokinetics of Lispro (Information to use) Used in management of Diabetes mellitus, types 1 and 2: Treatment of type 1 diabetes mellitus (insulin dependent, IDDM) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (noninsulin dependent, NIDDM) to improve glycemic control Onset of action Peak Rapid acting: insulin lispro (Humalog) 0 to 15 minutes (Peak) 30 to 90 minutes (Onset of Action) Half-life Duration of action Pharmacodynamics of Lispro insulin Pharmacotherapeutics of Lispro Include Drug-to-drug interactions, Drug-to-food interactions , Drug-to-herb interactions Routes and dosage ranges For Children For Adults (Information to consider in writing paper) Type 1 Diabetic : Note: Multiple daily doses or continuous subcutaneous infusions guided by blood glucose monitoring are the standard of diabetes care. Combinations of insulin formulations are commonly used. The daily doses presented below are expressed as the total units/kg/day of all insulin formulations combined. Initial total insulin dose: 0.2 to 0.6 units/kg/day in divided doses. Conservative initial doses of 0.2 to 0.4 units/kg/day are often recommended to avoid the potential for hypoglycemia. A rapid-acting insulin may be the only insulin formulation used initially. Usual maintenance range: 0.5 to 1 units/kg/day in divided doses. An estimate of anticipated needs may be based on body weight and/or activity factors as follows: Nonobese: 0.4 to 0.6 units/kg/day Obese: 0.8 to 1.2 units/kg/day Adverse effects of Lispro · Cardiovascular: Peripheral edema · Central nervous system: Headache (type 1 diabetes: 30%; type 2 diabetes: 12%), pain (11% to 20%) · Endocrine & metabolic: Hypoglycemia, hypokalemia, weight gain · Gastrointestinal: Diarrhea (type 1 diabetes: 9%), nausea (type 1 diabetes: 6%) · · Genitourinary: Urinary tract infection (type 1 diabetes: 6%) · · Hypersensitivity: Hypersensitivity reaction · · Immunologic: Antibody development · · Infection: Infection (10% to 14%) · · Local: Hypertrophy at injection site, injection site reaction, lipoatrophy at injection site · · Neuromuscular & skeletal: Myalgia (type 1 diabetes: 7%; most likely secondary to excipient metacresol) · · Respiratory: Flu-like symptoms (type 1 diabetes: 35%; type 2 diabetes: 6%), pharyngitis (type 1 diabetes: 33%; type 2 diabetes: 7%), rhinitis (type 1 diabetes: 25%; type 2 diabetes: 8%) • Glycemic control: The most common adverse effect of insulin is hypoglycemia. The timing of hypoglycemia differs among various insulin formulations. Hypoglycemia may result from changes in meal pattern (eg, macronutrient content or timing of meals), changes in the level of physical activity, increased work or exercise without eating or changes to co-administered medications. Hyperglycemia is also a concern; may occur with CSII pump or infusion set malfunctions or insulin degradation; hyper- or hypoglycemia may result from changes in insulin strength, manufacturer, type or administration method. Use of long-acting insulin preparations (eg, insulin detemir, insulin glargine) may delay recovery from hypoglycemia. Patients with renal or hepatic impairment may be at a higher risk. Symptoms differ in patients and may change over time in the same patient; awareness may be less pronounced in those with long standing diabetes, diabetic nerve disease, patients taking beta-blockers or in those who experience recurrent hypoglycemia. Profound and prolonged episodes of hypoglycemia may result in convulsions, unconsciousness, temporary or permanent brain damage or even death. Insulin requirements may be altered during illness, emotional disturbances or other stressors. Instruct patients to use caution with ethanol; may increase risk of hypoglycemia. • Hypersensitivity : Hypersensitivity reactions (serious, life-threatening and anaphylaxis) have occurred. If hypersensitivity reactions occur, discontinue administration and initiate supportive care measures. • Hypokalemia: Insulin (especially IV insulin) causes a shift of potassium from the extracellular space to the intracellular space, possibly producing hypokalemia. If left untreated, hypokalemia may result in respiratory paralysis, ventricular arrhythmia and even death. Use with caution in patients at risk for hypokalemia (eg, loop diuretic use). Monitoring · Monitor serum potassium frequently with IV insulin use and supplement potassium when necessary. Patient teaching

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1 page due in 6 hours 2025

Read the attached case and do 1 paged response to the Question below Kindly no guessing, for experts only. No plagiarism fro mcoursehero and such websites, my school checks actually this one is about diabetes The practice of nursing is deeply rooted in nursing knowledge, and nursing knowledge is generated and disseminated through reading, using, and creating nursing research. Professional nurses rely on research findings to inform their practice decisions; they use critical thinking to apply research directly to specific patient care situations. The research process allows nurses to ask and answer questions systematically that will ensure that decisions are based on sound science and rigorous inquiry. Nursing research helps nurses in a variety of settings answer questions about patient care, education, and administration. As you contemplate your role in the research process, read the following article. Kumar, S. (2015). Type 1 diabetes mellitus-common cases. Indian Journal of Endocrinology & Metabolism , 19, S76–S77. doi:10.4103/2230-8210.155409. http://proxy.chamberlain.edu:8080/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=a9h&AN=102354944&site=eds-live (Links to an external site.) Links to an external site. Choose one case study, and formulate one searchable, clinical question in the PICO(T) format. There are several potential questions that could be asked. Identify whether the focus of your question is assessment, etiology, treatment, or prognosis. Remember to integrate references.

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class 1 unit 7 comment 1 2025

The 4 P’s of Marketing Hamric, Hansen, Tracy, and O’Grady (2014) explain that marketing for advanced practice nurses (APNs) can be separated into two different areas (p. 539). One of these areas is the APN marketing themselves in order to obtain employment (Hamric et al., 2014, p. 539). The second area is the APN becoming an entrepreneur and marketing their business to the community and other health care professionals (Hamric et al., 2014, p. 539). The four P’s of marketing refer to product, price, place, and promotion (Hamric et al., 2014, p. 540). Hamric et al. (2014) describes product as the service provided by the APN and the APN themselves (p. 540). I feel that this is a very interesting idea that the APN themselves could be considered a product. I have never thought of myself as a product before, but Hamric et al. (2014) further explains that by having the APN being considered a product helps the customer realize the value of APNs (p. 540). Hamric et al. (2014) explains that “Price is the amount of money that an individual will be asked to pay for the product being offered” (p. 540). APNs help control costs in health care by providing preventative care, which reduces admissions of preventative illness to hospitals (Hamric et al., 2014, p. 540). Furthermore, APNs provide care at a more cost-effective price than physicians do (Hamric et al., 2014, p. 539). Place refers to the location that the product is available (Hamric et al., 2014, p. 540). Hamric et al. (2014) describes examples of places an APNs services can be accessed, as hospitals, classrooms, clinics, and virtual spaces (p. 540). I find it interesting that virtual space is considered a “place”. As virtual spaces continue to expand, like our very own virtual classroom experience, I feel there will be even more opportunities for APNs to reach more people. Chang et al. (2001) defines promotion as communicating to the market what the value of the product is (as cited in Hamric et al., 2014, p. 540). APNs can promote their services by providing education to their patients (Hamric et al., 2014, p. 540). Additionally, APNs can promote their services by launching marketing campaigns (Hamric et al., 2014, p. 540). I feel that all of the 4 P’s are closely intertwined but the product is at the fore front. There must be a price assigned to the product, a place for the product to be available, and the product must be promoted. Without a product, there would be nothing to market. This being said, I feel the APN must have a solid foundation in order to be marketed successfully. References Hamric, A. B., Hanson, C. M., Tracy, M. F., & O’Grady, E. (2014). Advanced practice nursing: an integrative approach (5th ed.). St. Louis, MO: Elsevier/Saunders.

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class 1 unit 7 comment 2 2025

According to Mantoya & Kimball (2012), “The American Marketing Association (AMA) defines marketing as “the process of planning and executing the conception, pricing, promotion and distribution of ideas, goods and services to create exchanges that satisfy individual and organizational objectives”  (Montoya & Kimball, 2012 p.187). Advance practice nurses (APNs) can expand opportunities through utilization of the 4 Ps of marketing which include produce, price, place, and promotion. (Hamric, Hanson, Tracy, O’Grady, 2014, p. 540). According to Hamric (2014), “to market themselves successfully, it is essential that APNs integrate clinical expertise, leadership, collaboration, other APN competencies, and business skills” (Hamric et al., 2014, p. 538). The product is the object or service being marketed for sale (Hamric, 2012 p. 540) APNs do not have an object to market, but can promote marketing of the skilled nursing knowledge gained through continued education and clinical expertise. According to Mantoya & Kimball (2012) “the promotion of a strong and highly capable nursing image is an important strategy in marketing of health care services” (Mantoya & Kimball, 2012 p.187) Price is the amount of money that is charged for a service or product (Hamric et. al, 2014, p. 540). According to Hamric et al. (2014) APNs are cost-effective in providing preventive health care to chronically ill patients. This allows the number of readmissions to decrease among hospitals (Hamric et al., 2014, p. 540). I feel the APNs can save medical institutions money as their salaries are less than physicians. In an economy that emphasizes on cost containment, this gives APNS an advantage. Place refers to the environment and operations needed to make the object or service available to the market (Hamric et al., 2014, p.540). APNs work in a variety of settings including hospitals, out-patient clinics, physicians’ offices, etc. I feel the place APNs render care is of utmost importance. There are multiple areas under the category “place “that can influence a patient’s decision about committing to an APN service. This includes the location of the office, parking space, waiting times, and friendliness of the office staff. APNs should be aware of their surroundings, ensuring it provides a positive aspect to the services provided. Promotion is the ability to advertise a service or object and increase its awareness to the public. Marketing has multiple strategies including reciprocation, commitment, social proof, liking, authority, and scarcity. (Hamric et al., 2014, p. 540) The APNs can market their services through a detailed resume or curriculum vitae. The goal of the resume or curriculum vitae is to clearly state personal achievements and clinical expertise (Hamric et al., 2014, p. 541). This allows possible employers or patients to understand one’s competencies’ and aid them in their decision-making process. I feel the most important role in marketing for an APN is the ability to identify their ideal target population. According to Hamric et. al (2014) identifying an ideal client and creating a message that correlates with the client will increase the probability of the client receiving, hearing, and acting on the APN’s message (Hamric et al, 2014, p. 544). By identifying a target population, the APN can identify marketing strategies that will appeal and attract the target population (Hamric et al., 2014, p. 545). References Hamric, A.,Hanson, C., Tracy, M., & O’Grady, E. (2014). Advanced Practice Nursing: An Integrative Approach. (5 th ed.). St. Louis: Sanders

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