1. What are your upcoming week’s specific learning goals and objectives as a Case Manager?
2. What is your upcoming week’s detailed schedule at your community practice experience placement?
3. Were there any placement items/issues that occurred this week that you feel your instructor should be aware of that are private in nature and are more appropriately shared here than in the discussion board with your classmates?
4. Give a brief description of an objective you worked on this week. Make sure to cite at least one reference showing how your objective relates to the public health knowledge you’ve studied during this course or the public health course. You may choose to reference your e-text, journal articles, or videos you’ve studied during these courses or you may find an outside reference on your own to further enhance your public health knowledge and practices.

Remember, your journal entries are an important aspect of clinical learning as they serve to help you reflect upon and get the most out of your community practice experience. Therefore, your journal entry should include the who, what, where, and when of your community practice experience. Remember, this should simulate a dialogue that would normally take place face-to-face with your community practice experience instructor.

DUE 6/24 5P.M EST

TOPIC: HIV/AIDS IN LOWER INCOME COMMUNITIES

 

his week, you explore annotated bibliographies, which are part of a larger systematic review of literature. The main purpose of the annotated bibliography is to delve into the current knowledge base surrounding a chosen problem. Reviewing the literature and discovering the current state of the research will help to identify gaps in the knowledge or questions not yet answered about the problem. An annotated bibliography is usually your “first look” at the published literature relating to a problem of interest. Annotated bibliographies help identify the all-important research question that needs to be addressed related to that problem. According to the Walden Library, an annotated bibliography combines “a set of notes, comments, or critiques” with “a list of references that helps a reader identify sources of information” 

What type of information should be included in these notes, comments, and critiques? The annotations should summarize the key information in the article or resource without merely paraphrasing the content. The intent is to provide a succinct analysis of the “why” behind the study you read in the published material. It should be based on your opinion of why the author(s) believed the study was necessary and chose the particular methods of investigation used. Annotations might also include theories and conclusions postulated by the authors. An effective annotation includes the strengths of an article, but even better, the weaknesses or deficiencies as well.

 

The Assignment: INCLUDE THIS IN PAPER

Paper (2pages)

Section I

• Summarize the health problem related to the particular community you identified for your Final Project.
• Develop a research question related to a problem.
• Provide a rationale for your selection of this question, along with supporting data.

Section II

Create an annotated bibliography of research related to this problem. In your annotated bibliography, include the following:

• Six to eight resources on the identified public health problem related to the research question.
• For each source, write a brief summary of the key points of the study. Include the problem, main research question, study type, and an analysis of the major findings. You may also include any information or notes that you believe are relevant and would be useful to you as you revisit your bibliography later.
• An explanation of the problem areas and gaps in the existing research revealed by the annotated bibliography.

The majority of the resources should be primary research. Annotations should describe relevancy and timeliness and should indicate whether the research is primary or secondary.

comment 1

Mucor is a fungus found in soil, decaying fruit, vegetables and other plants (Doctor Fungus, 2018). Mucor progresses from an infection into pneumonia by entering the lungs during inhalation of spores, mucor can also enter the body through a cut or opening in the body (Mandanas, 2017). The infection most commonly occurs in immunocompromised patients, and is not contagious (Mandanas, 2017). Nursing interventions that would be helpful in treating a patient with a mucor infection revolve largely around respiratory function. The nurse should monitor the patient’s respiratory function very carefully, ensuring proper oxygen saturation is maintained. Ensuring that there is suction available and working properly at the bedside is an important safety intervention that the nurse can provide. The patient’s lung sounds should be monitored, and the respiratory rate should be performed by the nurse. The nurse can also teach the patient about proper use of the incentive spirometer if patient is awake and able to use it as prescribed. The nurse should also ensure that proper fluid intake is maintained in the patient as long as it is not contraindicated.

comment2

The Centers for Disease Control defines Mucormycosis as “a serious but rare fungal infection caused by a group of molds called mucormycetes. These molds live throughout the environment and mainly affect people with weakened immune systems. It can occur in nearly any part of the body but most commonly affects the sinuses or the lungs after inhaling fungal spores from the air, or the skin after the fungus enters the skin through a cut, scrape, burn, or other type of skin trauma” (Centers For Disease Control And Prevention, nd).

            Because of an already weakened immune system, pneumonia is not uncommon after Mucormycosis. The Mucormycosis triggers the immune system to respond by sending WBC’s to attack the organism. The neutrophils engulf and kill the organism, however it releases cytokines which cause a general activation of the immune system, typically leading to pneumonia. Two medical interventions that would be helpful include stating antibiotics for antifungal treatments and a more recent discovery is recommending the use of hyperbaric chambers because, “ It is hypothesized that hyperbaric oxygen might be useful for treating Mucormycosis in conjunction with standard therapy because higher oxygen pressure improves the ability of neutrophils to kill the organism” (Edwards, Ibrahim, & Spellberg, 2005, para 57).

            In evaluating the laboratory results, it is noted that the patient is in Respiratory Alkalosis. The fasting blood glucose is elevated, along with elevated WBC’s. This is all indicative of raspatory infection. A common risk factor for Mucormycosis Pneumonia is diabetes. Studies show that of 86 case reviews, 56% of the patients were diabetic (Igbal, Irfan, Jabeen, Kazmi, & Tariq, 2017). The elevated WBC is in relation to the fungal infection. The ABG shows a respiratory imbalance in relation to the infection.

This yould be a reaction about another classmate post on the class of Pathophysiology . Below is the clasmate work. 

 

How would you distinguish the clinical manifestations of peripheral artery disease from the manifestations peripheral venous disease?

       The peripheral venous disease also referred to as (PVD), is a condition that affects the central portions causing damage, defects or blockage in the veins, which are responsible for carrying blood throughout the whole body. Peripheral venous disease can happen any place in the body but is often found in the arms and legs. (n.d.)

       Peripheral artery disease, or (PAD) is a disease in which plaque forms in the arteries that carry blood through the body. Plaque is built up of fat, cholesterol, calcium, fibrous tissue, and other substances in the blood. (n.d.)

       PVD usually appear as blood clots that obstruct veins. A clot forms when vein walls become frail and blood circulation weaken. If the blood clot is found deep in a vein within the body, it is known as deep vein thrombosis. however, if the clot is found in the vein closer to the skin, it is called superficial thrombophlebitis. (n.d.)

       Peripheral artery disease can be examined through a physical examination, ABI, ultrasound, angiography and blood tests. While peripheral venous disease can be examined through a venography, VQ scan and an ultrasound. When examining PAD one can find low or absent pulse under a narrowed region of the artery, weak healing area where the blood flow and in some cases blood pressure in the affected region may be limited. PVD causes vein walls to become feeble due to injuries, major surgery, obesity, pregnancy, medications and smoking. Symptoms include pain in the affected area, swelling, redness and warm sensation.

       Conclusively, Peripheral Venous Disease affects the veins, while Peripheral Artery Disease will only affect the arteries. Both causing individuals with the condition pain and difficulty using their arms and legs. Impeding peripheral arteries and veins to carry blood through your arm and leg muscles and to the organs in and underneath your stomach area. (n.d.)

References

Anonymous. (n.d.).Peripheral Venous Disease (PVD). Peace Health, Retrieved from https://www.peacehealth.org/sacred-heart-riverbend/services/heart-and-vascular/peripheral-vascular-disease/peripheral-venous-disease.

Anonymous. (n.d.).  Peripheral Vascular Disease. Texas Heart Institute. Retrieved from  https://www.texasheart.org/heart-health/heart-information-center/topics/peripheral-vascular-disease/.

Anonymous. (n.d.). Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD). Mayo Clinic, Retrieved from

 https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/peripheral-artery-disease/diagnosis- 

            treatment/drc-20350563