1-If I may also add to your post with regards to situational variables. According the the Association for Customer Research “Numerous studies have shown that the longer the time interval between  measures of intention and behavior, the greater the inconsistency in behavior. Empirical  evidence is presented to support the theory that this time effect on behavior  inconsistency is partially a function of unexpected situational variables. Unexpected  situational variables were also shown to affect changes in intentions over time”. (Joseph A. Cote Jr. and John K. Wong (1985). This appears to affect the outcome more than some of the other variables.

2-Canada, 2014).

4)Statistical Control: When using Extraneous variables are present in nearly all studies and influence results. They include any variable which is not directly being studied. It is the goal of researchers to identify and control extraneous variables and to mitigate their effects on the study (Statistics, 2015). There are four ways researchers can intercede on these undesirable variables, either :

1.) Randomization: In large samples, the variable being studied or observed is disbursed randomly throughout the groups. This method does not control the extraneous variables, however it allows for equal influence of the extraneous variable throughout the group. This way each sample is effected equally.

2)Matching: This involves creating subgroups of those with the same confounding variables. These are variables which effect both the independent and dependent variables. These groups can be highly specific or generalized, for example age and sex versus health history.

3)Experimental designs: The design of the experiment itself can be influential on the damage caused by extraneous variables. For example, ineffective sampling criteria or studying too broad of a population (Dissertation the above interventions and the influence of extraneous variables does not improve, researchers can use a tool called ANOVA (Analysis of Variance). This method Among the various statistical tools and techniques, Analysis of Covariance ( ANOVA) helps in reducing the impact of the extraneous factors on the study. This is done by comparing the means of several independent groups and analyzing them for similarities and differences to extract the effects of the undesirable variables. (Laird Statistics, 2018)

References:

Dissertation Canada. (2014). Methods to Control Extraneous Variables. Retrieved from http://www.dissertationcanada.com/blog/methods-to-control-extraneous-variables/

Laird Statistics. (2018). One-way ANOVA. Retrieved from https://statistics.laerd.com/statistical-guides/one-way-anova-statistical-guide.php

Statistics. (2015). What are Extraneous Variables? Retrieved from http://www.statisticshowto.com/extraneous-variable/

3-I liked the study example. Examples such as yours helps to understand the research a little better. I found another definition of extraneous variables while doing some research.

“Every experiment includes extraneous variables. One method of controlling extraneous variables is placing the control group side by side with the experimental group. When an experiment does not give the expected results, further study often reveals an extraneous variable, the scientist did not initially consider, is responsible. Extraneous variables become more difficult to control with human subjects. The participants have different genetics and life experiences. Scientists attempt to eliminate variables by studying large groups of people and by using statistical analysis of the resulting data” (Reference, 2018).

Reference, 2018.  What Are Extraneous Variables in a Research Survey? Retrieved 9 19, 2018, from

    https://www.reference.com/world-view/extraneous-variables-research-survey-f5f4de93e39c437b#

Learning styles represent the different approaches to learning based   on preferences, weaknesses, and strengths. For learners to best   achieve the desired educational outcome, learning styles must be   considered when creating a plan. Complete “The VARK   Questionnaire,” located on the VARK website, and then complete   the following:

1. Click “OK” to receive your questionnaire   scores.
2. Once you have determined your preferred learning     style, review the corresponding link to view your learning   preference.
3. Review the other learning styles: visual, aural,     read/write, kinesthetic, and multimodal (listed on the VARK     Questionnaire Results page).
4. Compare your current preferred     learning strategies to the identified strategies for your preferred     learning style.
5. Examine how awareness of learning styles     has influenced your perceptions of teaching and learning.

In a paper (750‐1,000 words), summarize your analysis of this   exercise and discuss the overall value of learning styles. Include the following:

1. Provide a summary of your learning style according the VARK   questionnaire.
2. Describe your preferred learning strategies.     Compare your current preferred learning strategies to the identified     strategies for your preferred learning style.
3. Describe how     individual learning styles affect the degree to which a learner can     understand or perform educational activities. Discuss the importance     of an educator identifying individual learning styles and     preferences when working with learners.
4. Discuss why     understanding the learning styles of individuals participating in     health promotion is important to achieving the desired outcome. How     do learning styles ultimately affect the possibility for a     behavioral change? How would different learning styles be     accommodated in health promotion?

Cite to at least three peer‐reviewed or scholarly sources to   complete this assignment. Sources should be published within the last   5 years and appropriate for the assignment criteria.

Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA   Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required.

This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the   rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the   expectations for successful completion. 

You are required to submit this assignment to LopesWrite. Please   refer to the directions in the Student Success Center.

Complete “The VARK Questionnaire,” located on the VARK website.

URL: http://vark-learn.com/the-vark-questionnaire/

This is a Quantitative Research assignment. Please use the following article to prepare this assignment.  

Record: 1

Title:Adoption of Evidence-Based Fall Prevention Practices in Primary Care for Older Adults with a History of FallsAuthors:Phelan, Elizabeth A.
Aerts, Sally
Dowler, David
Eckstrom, Elizabeth
Casey, Colleen M.Source:Frontiers in Public Health. Sept 8, 2016Publisher Information:Frontiers Research FoundationPublication Year:2016Subject Terms:Primary health care — Research
Evidence-based medicine
Medical research
Medicine, ExperimentalDescription:Author(s): Elizabeth A. Phelan, Sally Aerts, David Dowler, Elizabeth Eckstrom, Colleen M. Casey A multifactorial approach to assess and manage modifiable risk factors is recommended for older adults with a […]Document Type:Author abstract
ReportLanguage:EnglishISSN:2296-2565DOI:10.3389/fpubh.2016.00190Rights:Copyright 2016 Gale, Cengage Learning. All rights reserved.
COPYRIGHT 2016 Frontiers Research FoundationAccession Number:edsgcl.462848439 Persistent link to this record (Permalink):http://prx-usa.lirn.net/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=edsgao&AN=edsgcl.462848439&site=eds-live Cut and Paste:<a href=”http://prx-usa.lirn.net/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=edsgao&AN=edsgcl.462848439&site=eds-live”>Adoption of Evidence-Based Fall Prevention Practices in Primary Care for Older Adults with a History of Falls</a> Database:Academic OneFile 

Purpose

The purpose of assignment is to provide experience and feedback with critical appraisal of a quantitative research study. This assignment is intended to allow you to show evidence of achievement of:

CLO 1: Evaluate existing scientific evidence to be used in decision making related to practice, leadership, or education. (ILO and PLO 3, ILO and PLO 7).

TASK

Use the provided template to critically appraise a quantitative study. Apply the grading rubrics to make sure that your submission is up to par with the requirements. Additionally, refer to the all unit resources (e.g., readings, recordings, announcements, etc.) to facilitate your process. Please make sure that you are choosing a quantitative study for your appraisal in a timely manner. Therefore, it is suggested to reach out one of our consultants from the USA library.

Requirements

This assignment is due at the end of week 7 at 11 p.m. A template is provided which describes the expectations for each section. In addition to submitting this template, also MUST submit a PDF of the study that you chose to appraise. If you do not submit the PDF of the study, your assignment is incomplete and a late penalty will apply. The study that you choose should be a study that you will be using for your synthesis project. It must be a quantitative research study (not a systematic review or a qualitative study) or you will receive a 0 for this assignment. No rewrites or resubmissions will be allowed. Graduate level writing is expected. First person is expected because this is your appraisal of the study. The following rubric will be used to score this assignment.

Quantitative Research Critical Appraisal (Template)

Attached Files:

•  Unit 5 Critical Appraisal of Quantitative Research Assignment Description and Rubric.docx (30.29 KB)
•  5 Quantitative Research Critical Appraisal Template.doc (51.5 KB)

comment1

Mucor is a fungus, a specie of moulds commonly found in the soil, plant surfaces, rotten foods and in the digestive system. (Mucor- Wikipedia).

Pathophysiology:  Fungus usually affect people whose immune system has been compromised/weakened by other health conditions, healthy people can also be affected. It mostly affects the sinuses or the lungs by inhalation of the fungal pores in the air. It can also enter through an impaired skin integrity such as cuts, scrapes, burns or trauma. (Mucormycosis|Fungal Disease|CDC, 2015). Reactivation of latent infection can also, result in fungal pneumonia. Once the fungi is in the alveoli it can travel in the spaces between the cells and adjacent alveoli via connecting pores. Invasion of the fungi in the alveoli triggers the immune response to send out neutrophils from WBCs to attack the microorganism. The neutrophils destroy the attacking organism but then release cytokines in that process leading to general activation of immune system causing the fever, fatigue and chiles noted in fungal or bacterial pneumonia. The alveoli is then filled up with the fluid leaked from surrounding blood vessels and neutrophils causing an impairment in gas exchange. (Fungal Pneumonia-Wikipedia).

Comment2

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the coexistence of chronic bronchitis and emphysema. Compare emphysema and chronic bronchitis. What are the hallmark assessment findings for each? What should your patient teaching include? How does COPD affect the hematologic system? Describe the pathophysiology.