APA format with References

Case Study 

Diabetic Ketoacidosis

Patient Profile.

N.B., a 34 year-old Native American man, was admitted to the emergency department after he was found unconscious by his wife in their home.

Subjective Data

· Was diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus 12 months ago

· Was taking 50 units of insulin daily; 5 units of lispro insulin with breakfast, 5 units with lunch and 10 units with supper plus 30 units of glargine insulin at bedtime

· Has a history of flu for 1 week with vomiting and anorexia

· Stopped taking insulin 2 days ago when he was unable to eat

Objective Data

Physical Examination

· Breathing is deep and rapid

· Acetone smell on breath

· Skin flushed and dry

Diagnostic Studies

· Blood glucose level of 730 mg/dL (40.5 mmol/L)

· Blood pH of 7.26

Discussion Questions

1. Briefly explain the pathophysiology of the development of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) in this patient

2. What clinical manifestations of DKA does this patient exhibit?

3. What factors precipitated this patient’s DKA?

4. Priority Decision: What is the priority nursing intervention for N.B.?

5. What distinguishes this case history from one of hyperosmolar hyperglycemic syndrome (HHS) or hypoglycemia?

6. Priority Decision: What is the priority teaching that should be done with this patient and his family?

7. What role should N.B.’s wife have in the management of his diabetes?

8. Priority Decision: Based on the assessment data presented, what are the priority nursing diagnoses? Are there any collaborative problems?

Describe the processes that take place during a typical hospitalization, or emergency department visit for a consumer under the ACA. From admission to discharge, including aftercare, rehab, and acquisition of medications; address the differences, with the same experience from before the ACA was passed into law?

Assignment Expectations: How will students be successful?

• Length:
  • 1500-2000 words (6-8 pages); answers must thoroughly address the questions in a clear, concise manner 
• Structure:
  • Include a title page and reference page in APA style
• References:
  • Two scholarly references are required; you should include the appropriate APA style in-text citations and references for all resources utilized to answer the questions

Riquerments:  

APA format.  

at least 1 reference. 

 more 120 words,collage style.     

 L.N. is a 49-year-old white woman with a history of type 2 diabetes, obesity, hypertension, and migraine headaches. The patient was diagnosed with type 2 diabetes 9 years ago when she presented with mild polyuria and polydipsia.      L.N. is 5′4″ and has always been on the large side, with her weight fluctuating between 165 and 185 lb.  Initial treatment for her diabetes consisted of an oral sulfonylurea with the rapid addition of metformin. Her diabetes has been under fair control with a most recent hemoglobin A1c of 7.4%.  Hypertension was diagnosed 5 years ago when blood pressure (BP) measured in the office was noted to be consistently elevated in the range of 160/90 mmHg on three occasions. L.N. was initially treated with lisinopril, starting at 10 mg daily and increasing to 20 mg daily, yet her BP control has fluctuated.  One year ago, microalbuminuria was detected on an annual urine screen, with 1,943 mg/dl of microalbumin identified on a spot urine sample. L.N. comes into the office today for her usual follow-up visit for diabetes. Physical examination reveals an obese woman with a BP of 154/86 mmHg and a pulse of 78 bpm.        

Questions    

1.What are the effects of controlling BP in people with diabetes?     

2.What is the target BP for patients with diabetes and hypertension?    

 3.Which antihypertensive agents are recommended for patients with diabetes?

NURSING KNOWLEDGE REQUIRED – MUST FOLLOW THE INSTRUCTIONS EXACTLY

  

This assignment will allow you to create an evidence-based practice project that includes the development of a PICO question and follows the initial steps of the Iowa Model. You will share your findings using an APA formatted paper.

PLEASE READ ASSIGNMENT INSTRUCTIONS AND RUBRIC BEFORE ACCEPTING ASSIGNMENT. 

MUST CREATE PICOT QUESTION BASED ON ARTICLE PROVIDED! 

Additional research articles must not be more than 5 years old. 

1. Select a tool, survey, or instrument, that can be use for an improvement project titled ” Determining the effect of in class education versus handing out printed education materials to patients whit uncontrolled diabetes Support with references.

2. Describe the chosen survey, instrument, or tool that you plan to use in your project. Describe the tool in terms of name, number of items, how it is answered (Likert scale, yes/no, open answers, etc.), and the total score. Describe the level of measurement for this instrument. Support with references (50-75 words)

3. Describe the validity and reliability of the instrument you chose in and explain how is this different from external and internal validity? (50-75 words)