Drug Treatment for ADHD

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has received a lot of media coverage in the past ten years. One of the things most misunderstood about the disorder is the treatment. Children (and adults) afflicted with ADHD are often treated with stimulant drugs. Parents are often hesitant about giving their children these stimulant medications. Treating hyperactivity with a drug that increases activity appears paradoxical.

Using the Argosy University online library resources, find at least two peer-reviewed journal articles that explain the effect of stimulant drugs (such as Adderall or Ritalin—amphetamine or methylphenidate) on the brains of those with ADHD.

 The following is another student post. Please react to this adding somo other extra info. it should be 3 small paragraphs. APA references and less than 20 % similarity. 

                  Question #1                                  

The first nursing model is team nursing where nurses are allocated to groups of patients based on certain variables such as lengths of time. A team leader allocates each member of a team different aspects of care for patients hence taking advantage of skill mixes by nurses (Masters, 2017). This model ensures that nurses are allocated to work in areas where their skills are most effective. It is an effective methodology for caring of patients in cases where staffing is adequate.

Primary nursing is the second common model that involves giving comprehensive individualized care by one nurse over a period. Emphasis of primary nursing is continuation of care where one nurse provides services to a small patient within a hospital (Everett & Davidson, 2020). This model is directed towards meeting of the individual needs of patients with the primary nurse communicating with other team members.

Finally, there is progressive patient care which involves giving nursing care to patients placed in units based on need as determined by the degree of illness rather than specificity of their medical conditions (Masters, 2017). This model of nursing is specifically vital in cases where there are inadequacies in nursing staff. However, it can cause poor coordination in case communication is not effective.

Question #2

Interprofessional communication is a critical element in the healthcare as miscommunication is related with poor patient outcomes. One strategy for effective interproffessional communication is ensuring clarity (Rider, 2012). This should include the avoidance of jargons that may result in lack of understanding or misunderstanding from one individual.

Secondly, at least two methods of communication should be used. The use of multiple communication channels is an effective strategy to avoid medical errors. To avoid communication errors, more than one communication method such as verbal and written should be used. Also, formal communication should be preferred to informal messages.

Another effective strategy for interproffessional communication is promotion of mutual respect among members of different professions. Respect ensures a positive environment where shared goals and plans are promoted for responsible decision making (Rider, 2012). These promotes teamwork and effective response to patient’s needs.

Question #3

For members of a healthcare team to effectively communicate in an interproffessional environment, they must demonstrate certain behavior that enhance collaboration. First, they must show respect and professionalism while communicating. Listening keenly to other members of a team without undue interruptions shows that one respects them and their views (Rider, 2012). It is also necessary to acknowledge and understand the viewpoints of others in the team. For example, reaching back and repeating what another team member has said is a good measure of showing acknowledgement.

Also, the thoughts and feelings of others should also be acknowledged when making remarks to ensure that no one is hurt in the process (Masters, 2017). Frustrations may occur in a team due to exhaustion and some members may give up. However, when validated, team members’ feelings become a vital ingredient in building trust and relationships.

There is also a need for cooperation and the assumption of good faith in a team. The use of such words as we, joint and mutual engraves a team spirit. Another factor that promotes team work is shared concerns (Rider, 2012). When dealing with issues, common interest should be the baseline and background should things begin to escalate.

References

Masters, K. (2017). Patient-centered care and professional nursing practice. Role development in professional nursing practice, 273-278.

Rider, E. (2012). Twelve strategies for effective communication and collaboration in medical teams. BMJ, 325(7359), 45-45.

Everett, B. L., & Davidson, P. M. (2020). Managing approaches to nursing care delivery. Transitions in Nursing: Preparing for Professional Practice, 129-146.

I need a comment for each paragraph

Paragraph 1

One way for the nurse to gather cultural information from patient would be the use of the Heritage Assessment Tool (HAT). This method helps nurses to gather cultural information on their patients by asking questions such as: where was your mother born, in what setting did you grow up, who lived with you while growing up, do you practice religion in your home and do you participate in ethnic activities. This helps the nurse in obtaining information based on the patient’s culture, beliefs, needs and practices that can affect their health care and treatment (Falkner, 2018). Nurses are culturally competent when caring for patients. This means a nurse provides care while being aware of differences related to culture, and is able to tailor plans of care based on patient choices that can be based on their culture (Falkner, 2018). This approach helps to provide holistic care to patients and the nurse addresses psychosocial and physical needs. Cultural competence relates to better care because the nurse incorporates the patient’s beliefs and wants into their health care. There is a trusting relationship between the health care team and patient, increased cooperation from the patient and increased participation from the community. With this cooperation, there is an action plan to help reduce health disparities. One way a nurse provides culturally competent care to Arab Americans, for example, would be having same-sex health care providers. Modesty is valued, so therefore, should be honored by the nurse to preserve this value.

Paragraph 2

Nurses can improve healthcare delivery and close the gap on healthcare disparities when they provide culturally competent care (Falkner, 2018). Nurses can gather cultural information from their patients by asking about their diet at home, carefully taking note of any restrictions that are important to the patient such as vegetarianism. I have had experience with patients who are Kosher and therefore are unable to have Heparin. It is important for nurses to continually educate themselves on other cultures, especially if they are unfamiliar with the patient’s culture. Also, nurses must remain aware of their own biases while delivering culturally competent care (Murphy, 2011). Nurses demonstrate cultural competence when they use a translator to communicate with their patients. The beds in the ICU where I work all have some basic phrases and even some questions that can be played on the bed’s speaker for the patient to hear; for example, telling the patient where they are/what the day is to help reorient intubated/sedated patients. We use the beds language feature along with the hospital approved translator.

Prepare a paper giving an overview of an issue or problem of your choice that you wish to investigate using concepts and content from this competency. The paper should include the problem statement and a literature review consisting of a minimum of 10 articles. The literature review should be a synthesis of relevant literature which places the problem in context and indicates its importance.

Questions to address include: 

· What is currently known about the problem? 

· What previous solutions have been presented? 

· What methods have been used to examine the problem? 

· Why is the problem important? 

· How might the problem be solved through evaluation?

Your paper should have an introduction, statement of the problem, presentation of the literature review, and references conforming to a format of your choice. Possible topics: wearable devices, use of those technologies by the elderly, and issues associated with the implementation of electronic health records, mainly safety and security.

Prepare this and all papers according to current APA guidelines.