As early as 400 BC, the Hippocratic Oath admonished physicians to keep patients from harm or injustice. Current codes of ethics remind health care practitioners that safety and quality are imperative in health care. Yet quality and safety remain a critical issue for health care managers and patients today.

To prepare for this Discussion, carefully review your Learning Resources. Seek additional resources to support your Discussion from one of the known web resources of health care quality:

Websites:

• The Joint Commission http://www.jointcommission.org/
• Institute for Healthcare Improvement http://www.ihi.org/ihi
• Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality http://www.ahrq.gov/qual/

Post a comprehensive response(250-350 words) to the following:

How is quality of care viewed from the perspective of each of the followiing:

• A patient
• A health care provider
• A purchaser

What role can the health care manager play in ensuring quality and safety in a health care setting? Select one of the different methods for improving the delivery of care described in your Learning Resources (this can include the websites identified). Provide a specific example of how that method can help protect a patient from errors of underuse, overuse, or misuse of care.

  Purpose

Community health nurses practice in a variety of settings. The purpose of this paper is to describe the community setting and analyze the role of a nurse in the assigned setting. Health promotion nursing interventions and a professional nursing organization related to this role will also be examined. 

The topic for this paper is the role of a nurse in a faith community setting.  

Directions

Watch the tutorial on tips for completing the Community Settings and Community Health Nursing Roles assignment.

This APA paper is expected to be no more than four pages in length (not including the title page and reference list). Below are the requirements for successful completion of this paper. Please use the recommended APA Template linked below, which incorporates the following categories as the first level headings on your paper. APA formatting helps you to organize your paper in a professional manner and provides consistent methods for citing your sources and completing your reference page. See the documents in the APA category in Course Resources for assistance with APA formatting. The Student Success Strategies resource has great sections on writing scholarly papers and APA formatting.

1. The  community health setting for this paper must be a faith community such as a church/parish, or other congregation. 

2. Read the chapter of your textbook on the assigned community health setting and take notes based on the outline below.

3. Locate and read at least one scholarly peer-reviewed journal article that is not assigned in the course related to a nurse’s role in health promotion in this setting. Search peer reviewed journals to find a scholarly article on this topic. The article must be less than 10 years old (less than 5 years is best).

4. Thoroughly address the following categories using the APA Template that is provided.

· Introduction (one paragraph):

o The introduction should be interesting and capture the reader’s attention.

o Introduce the assigned community setting 

o Briefly identify CHN role(s) in this setting

o Identify vulnerable population(s) served in this setting

o Include a purpose statement

· Community Setting (two to three paragraphs)

o Describe the assigned community setting, including vulnerable population(s) served.

o Discuss three health services provided by the a CHN in the assigned setting.

o Use your textbook or an outside scholarly source to address these sub-points.

· Health Promotion Nursing Intervention (two to three paragraphs) 

o Describe in detail health promotion intervention(s) that a CHN could implement in the assigned community setting.

o Identify people/organizations/community members this CHN role may collaborate with in health promotion interventions.

o Utilize at least one peer-reviewed scholarly article related to a health promotion intervention.

· Professional Nursing Organization (two paragraphs)

o Provide a detailed description of a professional nursing organization related to the assigned community setting. Search the text, your article, or the Internet for one professional organization that supports nurses in this role. If you can’t find an organization specific to this group, search the American Nurses Association (ANA) website for information on this role. Cite the organization in the body of the text with (organization name, year), and include a complete reference on the reference page.

o Discuss one professional issue that this organization is addressing related to the assigned community setting.

· Summary (one paragraph)

The summary reiterates key points about:

o The community setting and the CHN role(s)

o Health promotion intervention

o Professional organization

o Includes a concluding statement.

· Reference Page: The reference page should start on a new page (insert a page break). All references should be cited within the body of the paper as (author or organization, year), and the full reference should be included in APA format on the reference page. A URL link alone is not an adequate reference. See the Chamberlain Guidelines for Professional Writing in the APA Folder in Program Resources for examples of properly formatted references.

Guidelines

The setting for this paper must be a faith community.

· Application: Use Microsoft Word 2010™ or later to create this assignment on the template provided.

· We highly recommend that you used the specific APA paper template for this assignment linked above as the headings are already included.

· Scholarly Writing: APA format is required. Review APA documents in Program Resources, and use the free resources of tutor.com for writing tutors.

· Length: This paper is expected to be no more than 4 pages in length (not including the title page and reference list).

· Quotations should be minimal—please paraphrase your sources. A maximum of one quotation should be used for this paper.

· Save your paper with your last name in the document title (e.g., Smith Community Settings).

· Submission: Submit your paper by 11:59 p.m. MT Sunday of Week 4.

· Late Submission: See the course policy on late submissions.

Best Practices in Preparing the Paper

The following are best practices in preparing this project.

· Follow the guidelines above carefully.

· Use only the assigned community setting.

· Complete you own work.

· Use the provided APA assignment specific template.

· Ask you instructor if you have any questions.

· Use the 1st column of the grading rubric to make sure all elements of the paper are addressed.

· Cite all sources within the paper as well as on the reference page.

· Proofread prior to final submission.

· Check for spelling and grammar errors prior to final submission with Grammarly.com or the free tutor available through the Tutoring link in the course.

  

I need a comment for each paragraph

Paragraph 1

One way for the nurse to gather cultural information from patient would be the use of the Heritage Assessment Tool (HAT). This method helps nurses to gather cultural information on their patients by asking questions such as: where was your mother born, in what setting did you grow up, who lived with you while growing up, do you practice religion in your home and do you participate in ethnic activities. This helps the nurse in obtaining information based on the patient’s culture, beliefs, needs and practices that can affect their health care and treatment (Falkner, 2018). Nurses are culturally competent when caring for patients. This means a nurse provides care while being aware of differences related to culture, and is able to tailor plans of care based on patient choices that can be based on their culture (Falkner, 2018). This approach helps to provide holistic care to patients and the nurse addresses psychosocial and physical needs. Cultural competence relates to better care because the nurse incorporates the patient’s beliefs and wants into their health care. There is a trusting relationship between the health care team and patient, increased cooperation from the patient and increased participation from the community. With this cooperation, there is an action plan to help reduce health disparities. One way a nurse provides culturally competent care to Arab Americans, for example, would be having same-sex health care providers. Modesty is valued, so therefore, should be honored by the nurse to preserve this value.

Paragraph 2

Nurses can improve healthcare delivery and close the gap on healthcare disparities when they provide culturally competent care (Falkner, 2018). Nurses can gather cultural information from their patients by asking about their diet at home, carefully taking note of any restrictions that are important to the patient such as vegetarianism. I have had experience with patients who are Kosher and therefore are unable to have Heparin. It is important for nurses to continually educate themselves on other cultures, especially if they are unfamiliar with the patient’s culture. Also, nurses must remain aware of their own biases while delivering culturally competent care (Murphy, 2011). Nurses demonstrate cultural competence when they use a translator to communicate with their patients. The beds in the ICU where I work all have some basic phrases and even some questions that can be played on the bed’s speaker for the patient to hear; for example, telling the patient where they are/what the day is to help reorient intubated/sedated patients. We use the beds language feature along with the hospital approved translator.

Comment 1

P-values or significance level is commonly used (e.g. clinical trials) to determine whether hypothesis tested (comparison of groups’ characteristics) was significant or not. Often outcomes are labeled with “statistically significant” “non-statistically significant” “unlikely due to chance”, or “due to chance”, and so forth. Researchers make conclusions whether to reject the null hypothesis and accept the alternative hypothesis, vice versa, based on significant level.

Alpha levels are set depending on nature of experiments. Researchers set rate how much error is tolerable. For instance, 0.01 alpha level is more liberal than a conservative 0.001 alpha level. Many clinical trials choose alpha level of 0.05. Those drugs on clinical trial with higher alpha level of 0.05 rarely receive FDA approval. In a Phase II clinical trial, where effectiveness and safety is still being evaluated and there are fewer treatment options (for example for rare type diseases), scientist might set a liberal alpha level (Palesch, 2014). Many higher alpha levels are driven by studies’ cost and lower alpha levels by risks such as possible lifelong disability or death. For instance, in Phase III clinical trial such as testing efficacy of hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBO) on post stroke patients require a conservative alpha level such as 0.02 (Rusyniak, et al. 2018,) or even more stringent level.

Comment 2

The Greek letter alpha is significant in hypothesis testing.  There is not a universal value of alpha that should be used on all statistical tests. Choosing the alpha level is a judgement call of the researcher and it depends on the situation.  Raising the alpha level poses more risk to type I and type II errors. Raising the alpha level is
usually related to having a small or limited sample size.

An experiment when the alpha level 0.01l might be used is in a study of a medical screen for a disease. An example, testing for cancer.  All possibilities must be considered when the choosing the alpha level, The possibilities that he test may give a false positive report of cancer along with a report of egative when the disease was actually positive but the test did not catch the isease. A false positive will increase the patient’s anxiety leading to other ests and in the end the test was negative. This creates a type 1 error. The patient hat tested negative will not get the treatment that they needed for the isease which can lead to death and this is a type II error.  Increasing the alpha level to 0.1 could result n a lower likelihood of a false negative

The purpose of this paper is to define, describe and explain your personal beliefs about the four concepts of the nursing metaparadigm and their 

inter-relationship to one another as they guide your current nursing practice. There are no right or wrong thoughts, feelings or beliefs; these represent your own philosophical beliefs. Then you must correlate or link your current philosophy to one particular nursing theory(ies), identify these. The final paper is to be typed according to APA format and no more than 4 pages in length. The paper should include a title page and reference list, however, these pages are not to be included in the final count. Evaluation criteria are as follows:  

Criteria for Personal Philosophy of Nursing Paper:

1. Introduction & Brief description identifies purpose of the paper and the factors influencing the development of the personal nursing philosophy. 1.5%  

2. Define, describe and explain your personal thoughts, feelings and beliefs about the concepts of the 4 nursing metaparadigms: 3.5%  

a. Person/client  

b. Environment  

c. Health  

d. Nursing  

3. Identification and brief description of the nursing theory(ies) found to be the most compatible with the student’s personal nursing philosophy. 3.5%  

4. Provided in-depth explanation with specific documentation, that demonstratescompatibility of personal philosophy with the nursing theory(ies) identified in #4 according to:  

3.5%  

5. Summary and conclusion 1.5%  

6. Organization, documentation, references followed APA format. 1.5%  

 

PLEASE REFER TO THE ATTACHED FILE