Diabetes and Drug Treatments

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Each year, 1.5 million Americans are diagnosed with diabetes (American Diabetes Association, 2019). If left untreated, diabetic patients are at risk for several alterations, including heart disease, stroke, kidney failure, neuropathy, and blindness. There are various methods for treating diabetes, many of which include some form of drug therapy. The type of diabetes as well as the patient’s behavior factors will impact treatment recommendations.

For this Discussion, you compare types of diabetes, including drug treatments for type 1, type 2, gestational, and juvenile diabetes.

Reference: American Diabetes Association. (2019). Statistics about diabetes. Retrieved from http://diabetes.org/diabetes-basics/statistics/

To Prepare

• Review the Resources for this module and reflect on differences between types of diabetes, including type 1, type 2, gestational, and juvenile diabetes.
• Select one type of diabetes to focus on for this Discussion.
• Consider one type of drug used to treat the type of diabetes you selected, including proper preparation and administration of this drug. Then, reflect on dietary considerations related to treatment.
• Think about the short-term and long-term impact of the diabetes you selected on patients, including effects of drug treatments.

By Day 3 of Week 5

Post a brief explanation of the differences between the types of diabetes, including type 1, type 2, gestational, and juvenile diabetes. Describe one type of drug used to treat the type of diabetes you selected, including proper preparation and administration of this drug. Be sure to include dietary considerations related to treatment. Then, explain the short-term and long-term impact of this type of diabetes on patients. including effects of drug treatments. Be specific and provide examples.

Assignment Details

Collaboration in Pediatric Primary Care

This formal paper should include APA format, literature review, and logical sequence. This assignment should demonstrate your understanding of the topic. Citations and reference list is required. Please refer to the Grading Rubric for point distribution. This paper should be 3–5 pages excluding the title and reference pages.

This assignment is specific to a particular pediatric primary care practice and is mostly based upon student observation and experience. In your paper, include the following elements:

• From your observations and experiences in your pediatric clinical rotation, provide an example of multidisciplinary collaboration.
• From your observations and experiences in your pediatric clinical rotation, provide an example of how multidisciplinary and family collaboration affect patient outcomes.
• Discuss how you have been able to promote communication and collaboration among healthcare professionals, patients, and family/caregivers.
• Discuss a particular case where collaboration among healthcare professionals and family members affected patient/family satisfaction.
• In your clinical practicum, what are some barriers you have observed to collaboration among health care professionals, patients, and families?

Course reflection assignment is part of the portfolio that students must complete during last class of the program. This assignment is due on week #15. Course reflection assignment has a value of 100 points. It accounts for 20% of the final grade.

Please read guidelines, grading criteria / Rubric and all details regarding the Course Reflection assignment due on week #8 (Monday, October 19 at 11:59 PM EST).

M2: Lesson 4 – Discussion

1. Create an original posting with a minimum of 250-300 words.
2. Back up your arguments with reliable evidence.

Asking the Relevant Clinical Questions

Evidence-based nursing is a process founded on the collection, interpretation, appraisal, and integration of valid, clinically significant, and applicable research. It is not about developing new knowledge or validating existing knowledge, but rather translating existing evidence so that it can be applied to clinical decision making. This process starts with formulating a sound PICO question. PICO is a format for developing a good clinical research question prior to starting a review or research. It is a mnemonic used to describe the four elements of a sound clinical foreground question.

Scenarios:

#1   A nurse in the PACU is interested in ways to decrease the use of pain medication in post-op patients. She’s wondering if classical music or guided imagery might be efficacious.

#2   A 17-year-old African American woman, just diagnosed with hepatitis B, has been taking acetaminophen for headaches. Her mother has heard that acetaminophen can cause liver problems, and she asks you if her daughter should continue taking the drug for her headaches, considering her hep-b diagnosis.

#3   You are on a hospital committee exploring best practices in inpatient oncology nursing. The first question to come before the committee is, “how can we improve patients’ sleep quality and quantity without resorting to sleep medication?” The committee decides to explore relaxation techniques (e.g., massage; music), noise reduction, bed/pillow comfort, and ambient temperature changes. Your assignment is to find the best practices to reduce noise levels on the unit.

#4   A 53-year-old woman with rheumatoid arthritis wants to possibly change her medication to short-term low-dose corticosteroids instead of NSAIDS, which are upsetting her stomach. Will the corticosteroids be as effective?

#5   Jeff, a smoker of more than 30 years, has tried to quit unsuccessfully in the past. A friend of his recently quit with acupuncture. He wonders if he should try it.

Instructions:

1. Choose one (1) clinical scenario above, and answer the following questions:
   1. What is evidence-based nursing practice and why is it important?
   2. What is the PICO process?
   3. Formulate a well defined clinical question that will yield the most relevant and best evidence.
   4. Describe the background of the question
   5. Present the question using PICOT format
   6. Indicate what will be the best study to answer the clinical question.

Bobby was hospitalized 6 days ago for appendicitis. After an appendectomy following a perforated appendix, he now has an open incision requiring  BID dressing changes and contact isolation due to a hospital acquired  MRSA infection. It is anticipated that he will be here for 5-10 more days for long term antibiotic therapy and wound care. He is 13 years  old. He has been afebrile for 24 hours. The wound is open with minimal  serious drainage.

He is withdrawn and relates “just tired” when you inquire about how he is  this morning. Last week he shared his interest in school. Gets A’s in math, computer science and was supposed to be competing in the school science fair this week.

1. What do you know about the adolescent and the appropriate developmental level?

2. Keeping his diagnosis in mind, what about visitation?

3. Is socialization a need?

4. What other questions should you ask?

Link to preoperative Teaching:  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nbROzYua5V8 

Rubric:

 1. What stage of development is this child in?  

2. What are the potential adverse outcomes for a child who doesn’t solve the crisis in this stage of development? 

3.  Describes THREE nursing considerations with rationales keeping in mind client-centered care regarding communication, play, and fear for Bobby during this hospitalization. 

4.  Describes THREE questions the nurse should ask Bobby that are written as the nurse would say them and developmentally appropriate. 

5.  Based on the information in the Discussion the student correctly identifies ONE nursing diagnosis (and all required parts) AND identifies  ONE goal written in the SMART format. 

6.  The paper is At LEAST 500 words and less than 600 words. 

7. The student uses peered review scholarly articles and lists all references in text and in the reference page.