When completing the teaching plan, students should consider the age and developmental level of the group they will be teaching. What is their attention span estimated to be? What activities will you do to make the teaching interactive and get the kids involved? What level of language will you use to explain things at the child’s level of understanding?

After the project is completed, the group must submit a final summary paper (maximum 5 pages, excluding references and cover page) in APA format with a minimum of 3 peer reviewed references.  This paper should cover the following topics, which are recommended as headings in the document.

o Project description (Who was your target population? What topic did you choose? Why? What developmental consideration were included? What teaching strategies were used?

o Evaluation of learning (Were the learning objectives achieved? How did you know? What method of evaluation was used?) **Use a hypothetical scenario**

o Summary of overall experience (Do you feel it was helpful to the children? What were the strengths or weaknesses of the teaching methods used? Would you do anything differently. Were there any other health care issues observed that could be identified as areas for further instruction?) **Use a hypothetical scenario**

o References

This section should include at least 1 outside reference and your textbook and should be at least 750 words. Locate an article that discusses a bioethics issue. First, provide a summary of the article and the bioethics issue being presented. Next, discuss what ethical actions the nurse should take in relation to the issue being presented. Also, discuss possible legal issues that the nurse should be aware of. 

Part 2 – Your response to this case study should be at least 1000 words and include 2 outside references and your textbook. Analyze the following case study and then answer the following questions:

You are working on the Operating Room and the trauma alert goes off. You respond to the ER to provide support. Once in the ER, you receive report that an 89 year old male is coming in with a self-inflicted GSW (Gun Shot Wound) to the head. You listen to the radio traffic between the ER and ambulance to get an idea what kind of surgery you need to set up for and what will be needed as far as lines and fluid. Here is the report:

• HR: 121
• B/P: 60/45
• Saturation: 93%
• Patient is intubated and non-responsive. Right pupil is fixed and dilated. Paramedic also states there is a large extended family headed to the ER. The patient lost his wife of 60 years 1 week ago and left a note stating that he is too heartbroken to go on. The patient and family arrive. The neurosurgeon discusses that their father’s potential outcome, even with surgery, is not good. The family still insists that the neurosurgeon complete the surgery.

1. What are the ethical and legal issues in this case study. Be specific and support your response with references

Once you have the patient in the room and you are prepped and ready for surgery, the phone rings. You receive word that the patient signed DNR orders two days ago.

2. As the OR nurse what are your legal and ethical issues now? Was the patient of sound mind when he signed this order? Do you honor the DNR or the family’s wishes? Explain and support your response.  

Benchmark – Capstone Project Change Proposal 

In this assignment, students will pull together the change proposal project components they have been working on throughout the course to create a proposal inclusive of sections for each content focus area in the course. At the conclusion of this project, the student will be able to apply evidence-based research steps and processes required as the foundation to address a clinically oriented problem or issue in future practice.

Students will develop a 1,250-1,500 word paper that includes the following information as it applies to the problem, issue, suggestion, initiative, or educational need profiled in the capstone change proposal:

1. Background
2. Problem statement
3. Purpose of the change proposal
4. PICOT
5. Literature search strategy employed
6. Evaluation of the literature
7. Applicable change or nursing theory utilized
8. Proposed implementation plan with outcome measures
9. Identification of potential barriers to plan implementation, and a discussion of how these could be overcome
10. Appendix section, if tables, graphs, surveys, educational materials, etc. are created

Review the feedback from your instructor on the Topic 3 assignment, PICOT Statement Paper, and Topic 6 assignment, Literature Review. Use the feedback to make appropriate revisions to the portfolio components before submitting.

Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required.

This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.

You are required to submit this assignment to LopesWrite. Please refer to the directions in the Student Success Center.

OLDER ADULTS

1. Why do many people seem to have negative feelings toward elders? What do you think that they fear when interacting with or touching older people? How can you as a nurse can overcome some of those fears or hesitations?
2. What types of rights do feel older adults should have when it comes to the end or prolong their life? If older adults with dementia or longtime chronic illnesses choose to withhold food/water or refuse treatment for an illness, do you feel that is within their rights? How would you counsel family members to deal with these types of issues?
3. Mention some strategies for assisting older adults in avoiding the problems of polypharmacy and organizing their medications in an easy to understand and use format. What are the different strategies that could be used? How would strategies change if the patient had hearing or vision deficits? What about if the patient were illiterate?

 As stated in the syllabus the assignment must be presented in an APA format word document, Arial 12 font attached to the forum on the discussion board.  A minimum of 3 evidenced-based references must be used (excluding the class textbook) and one of them must be from a Geriatric Nursing Journal and 2 replies to any of your peers sustained with the appropriate references must be posted.  Only the assignment must be attached in a word document in the forum, replies do not.  References must be no older than 5 years.  A minimum of 700 words is required.  Please follow the instructions on how to present the first page and the name of the assignment when you post should be Week 13 discussion questions.

Comment 1

First, knowing what a
CNL does is important to know why they need to meet certain requirements. The
American Association of Colleges of Nursing (AACN) describes the role as “a
point-of-care leadership and provides care in situation of particular
complexity” (Point-of-Care, n.d.). A CNL is someone that “identifies ways to
improve the quality of patient care by consistently evaluating patient outcomes,
assessing cohort risk, changing care plans, advocating for change and mentoring
fellow nurses” (Clinical Nurse Leader, n.d.). Other responsibilities of a CNL is
to provide care coordination for patients with complex needs, implementing evidence-based
practice, instituting quality improvement measurements, and coordinating
lateral interdisciplinary care that includes disciplines as diverse as
occupational and physical therapy (Point-of-Care, n.d.). In order to fulfill these
job requirements, one must possess strong problem solving and critical thinking
skills, the desire to work closely with patients, and the willingness to mentor
fellow nurses (Clinical Nurse Leader, n.d.). Academically, the CNL must also
earn a minimum of an Master’s of Science degree in Nursing (MSN) in the
Clinical Nurse Leader program as well as taking and passing the CNL certification
from the Commission on Nurse Certification.   

A CNL’s role or influence
in patient care is through implementing and ensuring that care delivery is
safe, evidence-based, and targeted towards optimal quality outcomes (Reid &
Dennison, 2011). The intent of the new implementation of a CNL is to promote patient
safety but also to incorporate the CNL’s focus on safety and to provide
front-line care instead of being in a back hall, disconnected from the eyes and
ears of the medical staff.

Comment 2

The role of clinical nurse leader (CNL) began in 2003-2004 due to the quality and safety reports of the Institute of Medicine. Clinical nurse leaders are prepared for direct clinical leadership to provide safe, evidence-based care and ensure that the patients get optimal healthcare. Clinical nurse leaders have multiple roles in the workplace. CNLs collect and evaluate treatment results and develop solutions to improve the outcome of patient care, evaluate the safety of the workplace, wnsure that the facilities are up-to-date on the latest research, and also provide patients with direct care and education. In order to become a clinical nurse leader, and BSN must be obtained followed by a Master’s of Science Clinical Nurse Leader program. Once completed a CNL certification test must be taken and passed.

There are multiple ways that they can ensure the safety of the patients. By providing direct patient care and education, CNLs are able to educate patients on their treatment plan and educate them on how to continue their treatment plan once they are discharged from the hospital. They can also ensure the safety of the patient by educating them on their medications. For example, they can teach them what each medication is for, the appropriate times to take each medication, any side effects they may experience, along with the correct dose of the medication they are taking. Safety is not just something that needs to be taken in to consideration while the patient is in the hospital, but once they are home.

Comment 3

A Clinical Nurse Leader (CNL) is expected to have a master’s degree level of education or higher. CNLs play an active role in “designing, implementing and evaluating client care by coordinating, delegating and supervising the care proved by a healthcare team at the clinical level, as opposed to the administrative level, as is the case with other nursing leadership roles” (GNE, 2018, para. 4). CNLs must be competent and knowledgeable as a part of the nursing team. The American Association of Colleges of Nursing (AACN) board acknowledges that the role of the CNL is multi-faceted and their education needs to have components of liberal arts and sciences, professional values, core competencies, core knowledge, and role development (GNE, 2018). CNLs should prepared in quality improvement, interdisciplinary team care, patient-centered care, evidence-based practice and the utilization of informatics (GNE, 2018).  Clinical nurse leadership education focuses on policy and organization, nursing leadership, outcomes management, and care management. After completing a CNL education program, to be CNL certified a registered nurse, must hold a current NR license, hold a master’s degree, complete a minimum of 400 clinical hours within their formal education program, and complete a minimum of 300 clinical hour in a clinical immersion experience in the CNL role (GNE, 2018). CNLs are expected to be educated in advanced nursing knowledge to provide the best care, while improving patient outcomes with the latest innovations in health care.

A CNL can address minority health issues in health care. For example, a CNL overseeing the care of diabetic patients on a hospital unit may notice some discrepancies in outcomes. The CNL works as a leader to evaluate the patients, to see if there is a relationship between ethnicity-related issues and outcomes. The CNL can review the literature to see if this clinical issue has been previously identified within this particular minority patient population. Then, the CNL can develop and implement a plan of care to improve health outcomes for those patients.