As a healthcare professional and manager, it is important to understand the distinction between licensure, certification, and accreditation in regard to healthcare professionals and healthcare institutions. Prepare a 3-4 page paper that describes licensure, certification and accreditation in the healthcare industry.  Include the following in your paper:

• Define and distinguish between the terms licensure, certification, and accreditation as they apply to healthcare professionals and organizations. 
• Describe at least 2 reasons why licensure, certification and accreditation are required in health care organizations.  
• Research the requirements in your state or a state of your choice for licensure requirements for healthcare professionals besides the requirement for physicians and nurses to be licensed.  What other healthcare professionals need to be licensed to practice or perform the duties of their profession?  What does scope of practice mean?  Who determines this?

For help with researching your state’s requirements, search on the state government’s website for information on the State Health Department or search “licensure”.

• Provide an example of an agency that accredits healthcare institutions and the types of requirements that must be met for accreditation.
• Provide at least three examples of an organization or agency that provides certification or credentialing for healthcare professionals.  Include one of the examples as a specific type that is available for healthcare administrators/managers or health information management professionals.  Describe the requirements for each example.

NOTE: Use at least two scholarly references and cite using APA format.  Be sure to cite the reference to your state’s website resource on licensure of healthcare professionals.

1.  What are the assumptions for a t-test? How should these be run? Do you want to see a p value of <0.05? Why or why not? (50-80 words). Include citation 

2. Assume you want to do a project that compares the survey results before an intervention to those after an intervention in the same sample (the same people will take both surveys). You plan to use a paired t-test to analyze your results. Identify and select a tool of your choice to conduct the sample size calculation. You may use your SPSS. Perform a sample size calculation to determine how large your sample should be. Justify your sample size calculation with citations. Discuss how your sample size may affect the validity of your project. (80-100 words). Include citation 

3.  Review the types of data that are considered protected health information (PHI). Which data needs to be collected in assessing the diabetes self-care management of a diabetic patient? How would the collection of this data affect your project (whether you plan to collect it or not)? (50-80 words). Include citation 

Services Offered by HMOs and PPOs

Discussion Question

Respond to one of the following questions:

• Review the Healthy People 2020 objectives for Access to Care. Of all the objectives listed under this topic, which do you think would be most beneficial to the patients with chronic illness? Please give rationales and support responses with references. 
• Discuss how you feel nurses can positively impact the Healthy People 2020 goals.

Citations should conform to APA guidelines.

My topic is as follow: The social use of music in contemporary American societ.

• 1000 words in length, excluding the title and works cited page
• Typed in Microsoft Word 
• Double spaced, one-inch margins and a font size of 11 or 12
• Title Page
• Works Cited page with at least 3 sources. Use any standard form, Just be sure to include: author, date of publication, title of article or book chapter or paper in quotation marks, title of book or journal in italics (or underlined), volume and month for journals, and page numbers (first and last). For web sites, list the site name, author, date and give the complete web address. No Plagiarism please 

Respond to your colleagues by offering one or more additional mitigation strategies or further insight into your colleagues’ assessment of big data opportunities and risks.

At least 2 references in each peer responses!

Big data in the clinical system is the abundance of the health care records collected from various sources like the electronic health record. One potential benefit of using big data is that it leads to error minimization and precise treatment of the patient (Raghupathi,2014). Since there are enough records on a patient, there is the possibility of predicting the outcome of a specific treatment; hence the provider gives a more personalized care treatment. The potential risk of using big data is the security issue that arises due to unauthorized access to data (McGonigle,2017). The big data contains the patient’s personal information and health history, which can be very damaging if disclosed to an unauthorized individual.  

           The most effective strategy of ensuring that the challenge of unauthorized individuals access a patient’s data is making data security the number one priority. Protection of the information can be done by having control over the access of data and having authentication protocol (Thew,2016). By limiting the number of people that access specific data and putting firewalls to protect data from hackers helps secure data of the patient. The other strategy that can be used is the introduction of analytical tools that helps in reducing the time taken to generate a report. Big data has a lot of records, but it becomes a challenge when one cannot access data on time. When data can be accessed when required, and in a correct format, it helps the providers to quickly predict the outcome of a precise treatment on a patient. The strategies help the big data attain its aim of transforming the clinical system towards a value-based model that provides superior patient treatment and outcomes.