***500 WORDS** DO NOT INCLUDE QUESTIONS ON WORD COUNT***

1-  You are asked to develop ways for a group of clients implanted with telemedicine devices to interact remotely. What types of interactions could the clients use that are both easily accessible and user-friendly? 

2- There are many roles that a nurse leader must take on in order to be a good change agent. Discuss these different roles and their effect on the change process. 

Respond to this post with a positive response :

Ask a probing question, substantiated with additional background information, evidence or research.

Share an insight from having read your colleagues’ postings, synthesizing the information to provide new perspectives.

Offer and support an alternative perspective using readings from the classroom or from your own research in the Walden Library.

Validate an idea with your own experience and additional research.

Make a suggestion based on additional evidence drawn from readings or after synthesizing multiple postings.

Expand on your colleagues’ postings by providing additional insights or contrasting perspectives based on readings and evidence.

Use at least 3 references

                                             Main Post

United States veterans are a multifaceted population with a distinct culture that includes, but is not limited to, values, customs, ethos, selfless duty, codes of conduct, implicit patterns of communication, and obedience to command (Olenick, Flowers, & Diaz, 2015, para. 1). Veterans have experiences that no civilian could begin to fathom. Mental health and substance abuse disorders, post-traumatic stress (PTSD), suicide, pain management, homelessness, and traumatic brain injuries can be a common occurrence for veterans returning from war. The advancement of medical technology has allowed servicemen to survive injuries that can be linked with mental scarring, such as a limb amputation. Although, this can lead to certain health disparities making it difficult for the individual to settle back into ‘normal’ civilian life, not only putting stressors on them but also their families. According to Weber & Clark (2016), there are currently 22 million veterans that live in the United States but nearly 60% of veterans are not enrolled in the Veteran Administration (VA) Health Care System and are relying on other resources or not receiving the care they need at all. The two main health care needs of veterans are mental health needs and helping those veterans and their families understand their healthcare benefits and how they can better access those benefits.

Nurses today are often at the front lines of providing services to the veteran population. The most crucial way that nurses can advocate for this population and their family is to be highly trained and competent when it comes to the military culture and to help veterans understand how to navigate the VA system to increase their access to healthcare. According to Begley (2010), successfully advocating for clients requires compassion, courage, empowerment, and commitment. As a nurse, understanding this concept can help to “ensure high quality, veteran-specific patient care, and potentially decrease the health disparities within the veteran population,” (Weber & Clark, 2016, para. 3).

Nurses need to understand what specific requirements are necessary to ensure veterans are eligible for health benefits. Determining the veteran’s minimum lengths of service, type of discharge, environmental exposures, and psychosocial characteristics of the time period in which the individual served are important first steps. When determining mental health status of a serviceman it is vital to develop a good rapport with both the individual themselves as well as the family. The most important step for nurses when advocating for veterans is to educate themselves on the primary issues. Immersing one’s self in veteran and military specific organizations, pushing for faculty development opportunities that provide trainings on veteran issues, and attending seminars and courses specific to the military population are all examples of how to advocate for these servicemen and their families.

                                                    References

Begley, A. M. (2010). On being a good nurse: Reflections on the past and preparing for the future. International Journal of Nursing Practice, 16, 525-532. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-172X.2010.01878.

Olenick, M., Flowers, M., & Diaz, V. J. (2015). US veterans and their unique issues: Enhancing health care professional awareness. Advances in Medical Education and Practice, 6, 635-639. https://doi.org/10.2147/AMEP.S89479

Weber, J., & Clark, A. (2016, May 18). Legislative: Providing veteran-specific healthcare. The Online Journal of Issues in Nursing, 21(2). https://doi.org/10.3912/OJIN.Vol21No02LegCol01

Westphal, R. J., & Convoy, S. P. (2015). Military culture implications for mental health and nursing care. The Online Journal of Issues in Nursing, 20. Retrieved from http://ojin.nursingworld.org/MainMenuCategories/ANAMarketplace/ANAPeriodicals/OJIN/TableofContents/Vol-20-2015/No1-Jan-2015/Military-Culture-Implications.html

Hearing loss is common in the aging population and there have been tremendous advances in the past few years in hearing aid technology. 

Provide an overview of the etiology of hearing loss, the types of hearing tests, how hearing loss can be prevented, and the pros/cons of different hearing aid options.

Mr. Charles Lamont is a 45-year-old patient who is visiting his primary care physician for his an annual checkup. His wife is waiting for him in the lobby; she is hoping that Mr. Lamont will tell the physician about his recent bout of coughing and shortness of breath. Mr. Lamont works for a construction company as a heavy machine operator. He smokes 1½ packs of cigarettes per day. His wife has been encouraging Mr. Lamont to stop, but he has not showed any interest in quitting. Laura, the registered nurse, takes Mr. Lamont to an examination room. Laura asks him about his overall health and he tells her about a nagging cough and how he sometimes feels short of breath. He then denies any other health problems. Laura takes Mr. Lamont’s vital signs and gets the following results: blood pressure, 156/94 mm Hg; temperature, 99.8° F orally; apical pulse, 104 beats/min; respiration, 25 breaths/min and regular; and pulse oximetry, 95%.

Using the care map template given to you, create a care plan for this patient.

Please, upload just your care map here once completed. Your written care map paper will need to be uploaded as scheduled in Turnitin.

Comment1

Clinical significant and statistical significant are both used to interpret research studies.

Clinical significant “is a subjective interpretation of a research result as practical or meaningful for the patient and thus likely to affect provider behavior”. (Thompson, 2017). It is the practical importance of a research study in relation to effect to patient outcome and whether implementation of study result will promote positive patient outcome. Clinical significance indicates how meaningful study result is. “For some conditions, very small changes could have large impact on symptomatology, disease, or quality of life”. It is a subjective decision that is based on what condition is being studied or number of people affected. (Thompson, 2017).

Statistical significant “has to do with the likelihood that a research result is true”. It is the real effect of the intervention. Statistical significant results are used in making objective decisions. Its effectiveness depends on sample size. With large sample size, there would be statistical significance in almost everything, and if the sample size is not large enough chances of random error is increased and results may not show significant differences. (Thompson, 2017). The power of statistics helps in making a correct decision especially, in rejecting the null hypothesis when it is actually false. “Statistical significance tells us how likely a research result is a chance finding based on the researchers predetermined significance level”. Findings may not be important enough to affect clinical practice change even when found to be statistically significant. (Thompson, 2017).

comment2

Clinical significance involves a decision that is made based on the practical experience value or relevance of a particular treatment. Clinical significance does not necessarily involve statistical significance as an initial criterion (Friedman, 2014).

On the other hand, statistical significance involves an outcome of research that can be indicated to be true. This differs from clinical significance that can be said to be a subjective interpretation of the results from research that only offers practical experience to a patient (Peake, 2013). Further, statistical significance involves large sample size in research analysis while clinical significance only requires minimal size. While statistical significance research requires more time, effort and high costs, clinical significance does not need much time or money to be carried out (Friedman, 2014).

Additionally, clinical significance is used to describe the effects of the treatment of disease while statistical significance is not. Statistical significance further occurs along a continuum while clinical significance looks at quantitative differences between groups sample of the population is due to chance. If statistical significance is not carried out correctly such as using a large amount of sample, random errors will increase and resulting in incorrect results. However, clinical significance does not depend on correct data as the results can be reported using risk measures (Peake, 2013).