Write a well-developed essay in which you discuss the positives and negatives surrounding opioid use. Provide examples and include the following:

 The advantages and disadvantages of the use of semisynthetic opioid analgesics (oxymorphone, hydrocodone, and oxycodone) as compared to the natural opioid analgesics (morphine, codeine, and opium tincture).

 The degrees of tolerance, dependence, and addiction potential between classes

 The analgesic capabilities between classes

 The degrees of potency between classes

Include the following elements in your essay:

 An introduction with an argumentative thesis statement

 Relevant detail and evidence to suppose the advantages/disadvantages

 At least two sources (one can be the textbook)

 A conclusion

Your essay should be approximately two pages in length (not including the cover and reference page.) Follow APA format and be sure to cite, and reference all outside sources that you used.

Information about accessing the Blackboard Grading Rubric for this assignment is provided below.

Nurses often become motivated to change aspects within the larger health care system based on their real-world experience. As such, many nurses take on an advocacy role to influence a change in regulations, policies, and laws that govern the larger health care system.

For this assignment, identify a problem or concern in your state, community, or organization that has the capacity for advocacy through legislation. Research the issue and use the “Advocacy Through Legislation” template to complete this assignment.

You are required to cite to a minimum of three sources to complete this assignment. Sources must be published within the last 5 years and appropriate for the assignment criteria and relevant to nursing practice. 

While APA style is not required for the body of this assignment, solid academic writing is expected, and documentation of sources should be presented using APA formatting guidelines, which can be found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. 

This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion. 

dvanced Primary Care of Family

1. The clinical interventions for patients unwilling to quit cigarette smoking include the use of the motivational treatments, such as brief motivational interventions that are founded on the tenets of Motivational Interviewing (MI). The four general principles of MI are “the expression of empathy, developing discrepancy, rolling with resistance, and supporting self-efficacy are used to tailor-make MI counseling strategies to suit each patient’s needs” (Fiore, et al. 2008). Consequently, MI is a patient-centered counseling intervention that was proven to be successful in intensifying future attempts of smokers to quit the habit.

2. The best strategies to help clients to quit smoking include counseling and clinical interventions. According to the guidelines, clinicians strongly advocate for the use of intensive counseling regarding tobacco dependence, in addition to medication treatments to their patients who are addicted to tobacco. In addition to these intervention methods, patients should be provided with problem-solving or skills training during counseling sessions will help patients to develop methods of overcoming the tobacco addiction on their own too (Fiore, et al. 2008). In this regard, the guideline also recommends that health systems, insurers, and purchasers should be in a position to collaborate with the clinicians to make these suggested intervention treatments affordable and accessible to the tobacco smokers.

3. The guideline indicates that there are particular smoking cessation suggestions for special populations like the elderly. The special recommendations for the elderly include implementing the “4 As,” which are “ask, advise, assist, and arrange to follow up in patients who are over fifty years old aged 50 and older” (Fiore, et al. 2008). In addition to this fact, advice from physicians, telephone counseling, support programs from peers, counseling, the nicotine patch, as well as self-help materials that are specifically tailored to meet the demands of the aged were proven to be effective in treating tobacco use in adults aged 50 years and older. In this instance, clinicians are advised to provide counseling interventions for adolescent smokers to encourage them to stop smoking or abstain from tobacco use (Fiore, et al. 2008). Therefore, intervention methods for special populations, such as adolescents, are quite different from that of other special populations, such as the elderly people.

References

Fiore M., C., Jaén, C., R., Baker,  T., B., et al. (2008). Treating tobacco use and dependence: 2008 update. Clinical Practice Guideline. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Public Health Service. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK63952/

1. In a Word document
2. Review the Debate Issue on page 192. Describe the pros and cons of each stance described. Your answers should total two to three paragraphs for each stance. Each paragraph should contain three to five complex sentences.

1. Write your answers to the following questions about Case 5, “New Belgium Brewing: Ethical and Environmental Responsibility,” beginning on page 434. Your answers should total one to two paragraphs for each question. Each paragraph should contain three to five complex sentences.

1. Describe the circumstances that led to New Belgium Brewing Company’s focus on social responsibility.
2. Explain whether you believe New Belgium Brewing Company’s focus on social responsibility provides a key competitive advantage.
3. Describe the environmental issues New Belgium Brewing Company manages. Why has the company taken such a strong stance regarding sustainability?
4. Does New Belgium Brewing Company’s focus on sustainability come at the expense of other social responsibilities? Explain why or why not.
5. What lessons can be learned from New Belgium Brewing Company?

• My book is Business Ethics: Ethical Decision Making and Cases; 10th ed, by O.C. Ferrell, J. Fraedrich, and L. Ferrell, 2015.