Jordan is a 35-year-old woman who presents with intermittent diarrhea with cramping that is relieved by defecation. The diarrhea is not bloody or accompanied by nausea and vomiting. Review of past medical history includes some childhood “stomach issues”, HTN, and a recent cholecystectomy. She works in the environmental department of a large hotel. . She denies alcohol and cigarette.

Diagnosis: Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)

I.      Discuss the epidemiology of IBS?

II.     What is your treatment goals for this patient?

III.    Discuss First line and second line drug therapy for IBS. Please include pharmacotherapeutic information.

  Using APA 6th ed. Work must be supported by peer-reviewed article published within 5 years. 

1-A T-test and a Z-test are almost similar in theory, but have a different application mechanism. The major difference with these two is the size of the sample applied in each case. The t-test is appropriate for smaller samples. Any sample less that 30 units are best analysed using the t-test, while beyond 30 units require a z-test. A z-test is also better if the standard deviation is not known.  

 T tests are used to compare a given mean to the mean of the given population; it can be applied to either individual values or ones that are paired. The T test can be helpful when you do not know the standard deviation and is best utilized when your sample size is smaller (n<30 sample size) (Lango, 2015). For example, in a Z test you must know the standard 

2-Z-test- implies a hypothesis test which ascertains if the means of two datasets are different from each other when variance is given. It is based on normal distribution with a known population variance and a large sample size >30 units

 T-test- refers to a type of parametric test that is applied to identify how the means of two sets of data differ from one another when variance is not given.  It is based on student T distribution when the population is unknown and the sample size is smaller, <30 units.  

Reference

Difference Between t-test and z-test (with Comparison Chart) – Key Differences. (2018, March 10). Retrieved from https://keydifferences.com/difference-between-t-test-and-z-test.html

3-Yes, in theory these two test are common with differences only setting in when applying them. Both used in hypothesis setting, the z-test is better applicable when the standard deviation is known, and when dealing with a larger sample size. A z-test is better to use when dealing with a larger sample size than of over 30. A t-test is better when the sample size is less than 30, and when dealing with an unknown standard deviation

You are called to the room and find Michael 2 hours old has been very irritable and spitting up large amounts of formula. He is very jittery. You do not know the maternal history before coming into the room so you advise the mother that you would like to return the baby to the nursery for an assessment and monitoring. In the medical record you focus on prenatal history. You witness the baby having some significant tremors.  

 It is determined that this baby is going through opioid withdrawal. Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome requires close observation and scoring. Methadone may be used. Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome Shows both the signs of withdrawal, scoring and the nursing care of a baby with Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome. 

 What is your feeling and knowledge regarding breastfeeding this baby? 150 words.

Choose a topic below related to the role of gender in history. You can choose particular women or divide the periods or tribes up to write this.

Answer ALLof the following questions in essay format. 2-3 pages. APA format. 12 Font Times New Roman only.

All work must be properly cited and unless otherwise noted; do not include pure opinion. 

 T/week 5/discussion

Topic 1

Generate a list of questions you will ask during the interview such as teaching strategies, theories, technology, and evaluation techniques.

Conduct the interview.

Your discussion post should include:

The setting.

How the interview was conducted.

The questions asked and the responses given.

Anything else you think to be important.

Setting: Hospital – Director’s Office

The interview was conducted as a one-on-one informal discussion in the Director’s office at the hospital during day shift. There were a few interruptions including a code blue however, we eventually got through it and it was very interesting and informative.

Interview Q&A

Q. Please share with me an example of how you helped coach or mentor someone. What improvements did you see in the person’s knowledge or skills?

A. Early in my nursing career, I worked on the Med-Surg unit and was orienting a new nurse to the unit. She had a patient that was very ill and had multi-organ failure. She was waiting for a hospice consultation when the patient coded. At that time, the patient was a DNR therefore she was not resuscitated. The nurse felt helpless and did not’t know what to do. She literally broke down in tears. I had a one-on-one conversation with her and explained the of end of life process and shared my first experience when I lost a patient. She later came back to me and thanked me for sharing with her as it was very helpful to process hers.

Q. Tell me how you organize, plan, and prioritize your work.

A. I begin each day with staffing which sets the stage for the rest of the team and the day. After staffing I meet with the day shift nurses, prior to them getting report to review and discuss any concerns or new implementations. I then meet with other directors and bed management to evaluate our bed availability and what needs to be done with any transfers or discharges. This information is communicated with the charge nurse and he or she will use this information to plan their day. Obviously, there are many obstacles that may arise or issues that may need to be resolved throughout the day which can’t be planned for. At the end of the day there is another staffing meeting to prepare for the next day. I guess you can say each day begins with and ends with staffing, the backbone to a successful unit and patient experience.

Q. Please share an experience in which you presented to a group. What was the situation and how did it go?

A. I have presented to groups on multiple occasions however, the one that comes to mind is my first. At the time, I was promoted to Clinical Coordinator. I had never been in a management position before and was extremely intimidated and anxious when I had to conduct my first staff meeting. I prepared several days in advance and even rehearsed how I would run the meeting. I did not’t sleep the night before and was worried I would fail my director. Everyone gathered in the break room and I handed out the agenda. At that time, I realized I had nothing to worry about and this was my team. I conducted the meeting flawlessly and took a deep breath when it was over and smiled. 

Q. Share an example of when you went above and beyond the “call of duty”.

A. Wow, that is a tough one. I don’t know that I can remember one in particular. I think it is something I do on a daily basis or whenever the situation arises. I believe that being a nurse you often do more than you are “asked” to do. That is what makes our field and profession different from others. We take care of people. It’s an amazing career.

Q. In your experience, what is the key to developing a good team? 

A. I believe the key to developing a good team starts with good communication. Which includes listening to staff complaints and concerns. If something isn’t working you can try to figure out a solution or how to resolve it. If you don’t know what is wrong, you can’t fix it. Treating others with respect is also key as it promotes professionalism and a positive attitude. All of which are important elements in a good team as well as many others.