Write a critical appraisal that demonstrates comprehension of two qualitative research studies. Use the “Research Critique Guidelines – Part 1” document to organize your essay. Successful completion of this assignment requires that you provide rationale, include examples, and reference content from the studies in your responses.

Use the practice problem and two qualitative, peer-reviewed research article you identified in the Topic 1 assignment to complete this assignment.

In a 1,000–1,250 word essay, summarize two qualitative studies, explain the ways in which the findings might be used in nursing practice, and address ethical considerations associated with the conduct of the study.

Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required.

This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.

Case Report: Application of Theory

In this assignment, learners are required to write a case report addressing the personal knowledge and skills gained in this course and potentially solving an identified practice problem.

General Guidelines: 

Use the following information to ensure successful completion of the assignment:

· Doctoral learners are required to use APA style for their writing assignments. 

· This assignment requires that at least two additional scholarly research sources related to this topic, and at least one in-text citation from each source be included.

· You are required to submit this assignment to LopesWrite. Please refer to the directions in the Student Success Center.

Directions:

Construct a 2,500-3,000 word (approximately 10-12 pages) case report that includes a problem or situation consistent with a DNP area of practice.

Requirements:

1. Use a minimum of any two theories discussed in the course to develop the case report.

2. Apply one or more theories to describe understanding of the problem or situation of focus.

3. Apply one or more theories to the recommended intervention or solution being proposed.

4. Develop the case report across the entire scenario from the identified clinical or health care problem through proposing an intervention, implementation, and evaluation using an appropriate research instrument.

5. Describe the evaluation of the selected research instrument in the case report.

6. Lastly, explain in full the tenets, rationale for selection (empirical evidence), and clear application using the language of the theory within the case report.

In addition, your case report must include the following:

1. Introduction with a problem statement.

2. Brief literature review.

3. Description of the case/situation/conditions explained from a theoretical perspective.

4. Discussion that includes a detailed explanation of the synthesized literature findings.

5. Summary of the case.

6. Proposed solutions to remedy gaps, inefficiencies, or other issues from a theoretical approach.

7. Identification of a research instrument to evaluate the proposed solution along with a description of how the instrument could be evaluated.

8. Conclusion.

Study Materials

1. Philosophies and Theories for Advanced Nursing Practice: chapters 6, 15, and 16.

a. URL: http://gcumedia.com/digital-resources/jones-and-bartlett/2013/philosophies-and-theories-for-advanced-nursing-practice-butts-philosophies-and-theories-for-advanced-nursing-practice_ebook_2e.php

2. Ludwig von Bertalanffy: Passages From General Systems Theory (n.d.).

a. This resource provides information on Bartalanffy’s General Systems Theory.

b. URL: http://www.panarchy.org/vonbertalanffy/systems.1968.html

3.
Europeanisation, Complexity, and the British Welfare State

a. Geyer, R. (2003, September). Europeanisation, complexity, and the British welfare state. Paper presented to the UACES/ESRC Study Group on The Europeanisation of British Politics and Policy-Making, Department of Politics, University of Sheffield, England.

b. URL: http://aei.pitt.edu/1719/1/Geyer.pdf

4.
Improving the Effectiveness of Healthcare and Public Health: A Multiscale Complex Systems Analysis.

a. Bar-Yam, Y. (2006). Opportunities and demands in public health systems. Improving the effectiveness of health care and public health: A multisite complex systems analysis. American Journal of Public Health, 96(3), 459-466.

b. URL:https://lopes.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com.lopes.idm.oclc.org/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ccm&AN=2009129456&site=ehost-live&scope=site

5. Chaos Theory

a. Chaos theory. (2007). In the Social Science Jargon-Buster.

b. URL:https://lopes.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.credoreference.com.lopes.idm.oclc.org/content/entry/sageukssjb/chaos_theory/0

6. Chaos, Complexity, and Nursing

a. Walsh, M. (2000). Chaos, complexity, and nursing. Nursing Standard, 14(32), 39-42.

b. URL:https://lopes.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.proquest.com.lopes.idm.oclc.org/docview/219811017?accountid=7374

7.
Optional: Organizational Behavior 4: From Theory to Practice

a. Miner, J. B. (2007). Organizational behavior 4: From theory to practice. [Books24x7 version].

b. URL:https://lopes.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://library.books24x7.com.lopes.idm.oclc.org/library.asp?%5eB&bookid=20745&refid=C3VGQ

8. What Is Systems Theory?

a. Heylighan, F., & Joslyn, C.  (1992). What is systems theory?

b. URL: http://pespmc1.vub.ac.be/SYSTHEOR.html

9. Optional: Major Organizational Theories

a. Rollag, K. (n.d.). Major organizational theories. [Babson College faculty website].

b. URL:http://faculty.babson.edu/krollag/org_site/org_theory/theory_index/theory_toc.html

All health care organizations display characteristics related to service delivery, financing, payment solutions, and insurance relationships. Which of these can a health care organization most effectively harness in order to become the provider of choice for the largest variety of patrons? Why?

To prepare for this Discussion:

Review this week’s Learning Resources.

Post by Day 3: 

Conduct a web-based search and review and locate two healthcare organizations that you may know locally, regionally or nationally. You can choose one organization that is for-profit and the other one is not-for-profit. Integrated health delivery system vs. a standalone community hospital. For the purpose of this discussion, there many ways that you can select your two organizations for this discussion question assignment.

Describe briefly the two selected organizations including their organizational structure and governance.

Distinguish the different types of organizational structure for these selected organizations.

Assess the impact of the organizational structures on these organizations’ leadership management, access to capital and financial resources, etc.

Support your post with specific examples. 

Respond by Day 5 and continue the Discussion through Day 7: 

Expand on this Discussion by highlighting differences between your posting and your colleagues’ postings. Provide additional insights or alternative perspectives, especially regarding how the current and predicted shortages in primary care providers will impact access to care.

The initial post must require a minimum of four (4) current quality references. Including references in your replies to classmates is optional but recommended.

Your initial answer must be 250-300 words not counting the list of references. Your replies to other classmates’ posts need to be at least 100 words per post.

Focus on presenting in your posts critical ideas and synthesis and less on stating and describing.

Support your post by specific examples.

Describe your chosen topic for the patient safety presentation you submitted in the last module, detailing how the strategy or technology you chose impacts professional nursing and patient outcomes.

What were the challenges and benefits of this project? Please provide an example of your project in clinical practice.

In responding to your peers, please discuss how advancements in health information technology are making our healthcare system a system focused on safety. Identify one future trend in HIT.

Chosen Topic: Pyxis Machine

Please answer to this discussion post with a minimum of 200 words, cited, APA style. 

________________________________________________________________________________________

The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force is an independent panel of experts in primary care and prevention who Health Screenings are examinations and tests to look for a disease before patients develop any symptoms. It is important because from a medical perspective prevention is better than cure. It is also often easier to treat or indeed cure a condition in its early stages systematically reviews the evidence of effectiveness and develops recommendations for clinical preventive services.  The purpose of screening individuals or populations is to reduce the risk of death or future ill health from a specific condition by offering a test intended to help identify people who could benefit from treatment.  Long and Colorectal cancer screening are tow among others recommendations from US preventing task force.

Lung Cancer (both small cell and non-small cell) is the second most common cancer in both men and women. The American Cancer Society’s estimates for lung cancer in the United States for 2019 are: About 228,150 new cases of lung cancer (116,440 in men and 111,710 in women) About 142,670 deaths from lung cancer (76,650 in men and 66,020 in women). (Society, 2019)

Summary of Recommendation and Evidence for lung Cancer 

Population: Adults Aged 55-80, with a History of Smoking. The USPSTF recommends annual screening for lung cancer with low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) in adults aged 55 to 80 years who have a 30 pack-year smoking history and currently smoke or have quit within the past 15 years. Screening should be discontinued once a person has not smoked for 15 years or develops a health problem that substantially limits life expectancy or the ability or willingness to have curative lung surgery. The USPSTF updated its definition of and suggestions for practice for the grades A, B, C, D, and I. Lung Cancer Category B. It means that the screening is high certainty that the net benefit is moderate or there is moderate certainty that the net benefit is moderate to substantial.

On the other hand, Colorectal Cancer is one of the most common cancers diagnosed in the United States. Excluding skin cancers, it is the third most common cancer in both men and women in the U.S.

Population: 

Adults aged 50 to 75 years. The USPSTF recommends screening for colorectal cancer starting at age 50 years and continuing until age 75 years. The risks and benefits of different screening methods vary. Starting with a simple FBOT or FIT test at the office or sigmoidoscopy every 5 years and colonoscopy every 10 years. The recommendation for this group is category A (The USPSTF recommends the service. There is high certainty that the net benefit is substantial). 

Adults aged 76 to 85 years. The decision to screen for colorectal cancer in adults aged 76 to 85 years should be an individual one, taking into account the patient’s overall health and prior screening history. Adults in this age group who have never been screened for colorectal cancer are more likely to benefit. Screening would be most appropriate among adults who 1) are healthy enough to undergo treatment if colorectal cancer is detected and 2) do not have comorbid conditions that would significantly limit their life expectancy. The recommendation for this group is category C (The USPSTF recommends selectively offering or providing this service to individual patients based on professional judgment and patient preferences. There is at least moderate certainty that the net benefit is small). (Force, 2014)

References

Force, T. U. (2014, June 12). Recommendations for Primary Care Practice. Retrieved from The U.S. Preventice Services Task Force : https://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/Page/Name/recommendations

Society, A. C. (2019, May 17). Cancer Facts and Statistics. Retrieved from American Cancer Society: https://www.cancer.org/research/cancer-facts-statistics.html