Discussion: Assessment Tools and Diagnostic Tests in Adults and Children

When seeking to identify a patient’s health condition, advanced practice nurses can use a diverse selection of diagnostic tests and assessment tools; however, different factors affect the validity and reliability of the results produced by these tests or tools. Nurses must be aware of these factors in order to select the most appropriate test or tool and to accurately interpret the results.

Not only do these diagnostic tests affect adults, body measurements can provide a general picture of whether a child is receiving adequate nutrition or is at risk for health issues. These data, however, are just one aspect to be considered. Lifestyle, family history, and culture-among other factors-are also relevant. That said, gathering and communicating this information can be a delicate process.

In this Discussion, you will consider the validity and reliability of different assessment tools and diagnostic tests. You will explore issues such as sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values. You will also consider examples of children with various weight issues. You will explore how you could effectively gather information and encourage parents and caregivers to be proactive about their children’s health and weight.

To prepare:

· Review this week’s learning resources and consider factors that impact the validity and reliability of various assessment tools and diagnostic tests. We will also review examples of pediatric patients and their families as it relates to BMI.

· This week you will be assigned one of the following DB by your instructor.

1. Select one of the following assessment tools or diagnostic tests to explore for the purposes of this Discussion:

§ Mammogram

§ Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test

§ Body-mass index (BMI) using waist circumference for adults

2. Select one of the examples on which to focus for this Discussion. What health issues and risks may be relevant to the child you selected?

§ Overweight 5-year-old boy with overweight parents

§ 5-year-old girl of normal weight with obese parents

§ Severely underweight 12-year-old girl with underweight parents

· Search the Walden Library and credible sources for resources explaining the tool or test you selected. What is its purpose, how is it conducted, and what information does it gather?

· What does the literature discuss regarding the validity, reliability, and are there any issues with sensitivity, specificity, predictive values, ethical dilemmas, and controversies related to the test or tool?

· Based on the risks you identified, consider what further information you would need to gain a full understanding of the child’s health. Think about how you could gather this information in a sensitive fashion.

· Consider how you could encourage parents or caregivers to be proactive toward the child’s health.

Post a description of how the assessment tool or diagnostic test you selected is used in health care. Based on your research, evaluate the test or the tool’s validity and reliability, and explain any issues with sensitivity, reliability, and predictive values. Include references in appropriate APA formatting.

OR

Post an explanation of the health issues and risks that are relevant to the child you selected. Describe additional information you would need in order to further assess his or her weight-related health. Taking into account the parents’ and caregivers’ potential sensitivities, list at least three specific questions you would ask about the child to gather more information. Provide at least two strategies you could employ to encourage the parents or caregivers to be proactive about their child’s health and weight.

Course Scenario

You have been hired as the Human Resources Director for a global organization that is headquartered in the United States. Your job is to evaluate and make recommendations in the area of diversity for your company. Each section will contain specific areas within diversity for you to focus on. You will be tasked with choosing from one of the diversity areas that are provided to you. minimum 2 pages 

Diversity Areas -Race

Instructions

In your first days of your new role, you have noticed a lack of diversity initiatives. Your CEO has come to you and asked for a one-page report outlining the importance of your selected diversity group in the workplace. 

For your report you have been asked to reflect and address the following sets of questions:

• Introduce the diversity area you have selected through an executive summary. 
• What are two benefits of having your selected diversity group represented in the workplace?
• How does the diversity group contribute to a collaborative and innovative environment?
• Conclude your report; why it is important to address this diverse group in the workplace?