Management of IBS

Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) disorder affects the functions of gastrointestinal symptoms and displays chronic abdominal symptoms and can be diagnosed clinically (Ford et al., 2018). IBS has a prevalence of about 10%-20% and an incidence rate of approximately 1%-2% per year. IBS affects around 11 percent of the global population. Internationally, there is a female predominance in the prevalence of IBS. The treatment goals for IBS are to relieve the patient from symptoms such as diarrhea, discomfort, bloating, and constipation and consequently improve the quality of life. Individuals with IBS can suffer many disease processes that result in pain and diarrhea or pain and constipation, and therefore, its treatment is often done differently among individual patients with priority given to the most serious symptom that is felt by the patient instead of modifying the disease.

The first-line drug therapy for IBS include Antispasmodics such as dicyclomine, hyoscyamine although they don’t have many benefits for IBS treatment although they may relieve abdominal pains or discomforts, especially for those symptoms that happen after eating. Anti-diarrheal agents such as loperamide, diphenoxylate can effectively prevent and relieve symptoms of diarrhea but may not help in pain. Laxatives that are helpful in treating symptoms of constipation but doesn’t work in controlling pain. Anti-anxiety drugs help IBS patients fight psychological distress. Incorporating stress management through counseling and apply dietary modification such as a low FODMAP diet when applying the first-line drugs is more helpful (Moayyedi et al., 2019). The second line of drug therapy implies the use of Amitriptyline, which can help in relieving pain and adjust the bowel activity even though it affects the mood of IBS patients (Moayyedi et al., 2019). However, Amitriptyline should only be introduced when the first line of drugs fails to treat the patient.

References

Ford, A. C., Moayyedi, P., Chey, W. D., Harris, L. A., Lacy, B. E., Saito, Y. A., & Quigley, E. M. (2018). American College of Gastroenterology monograph on the management of irritable bowel syndrome. American Journal of Gastroenterology, 113, 1-18.

Moayyedi, P., Andrews, C. N., MacQueen, G., Korownyk, C., Marsiglio, M., Graff, L., … & Sidani, S. (2019). Canadian Association of Gastroenterology clinical practice guidelines for the management of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Journal of the Canadian Association of Gastroenterology, 2(1), 6-29.

Competency

Appraise the relationship between a heightened regulatory environment and corporate governance.

Instructions

ABC Bank officials view compliance with regulations as a necessity for the very survival of their business. The leadership team at ABC also understands the impact that banks have on the aggregate economy, particularly the ramifications of mismanaged risks within banks. ABC’s leadership team believes that a holistic understanding of the intricacies of risk management within banks as well as the impact of risk on the economy is necessary to drive the desired behavior. As a result, you have been hired to facilitate a presentation for ABC’s new hires. Your presentation should be composed in PowerPoint or Prezi and must be submitted to ABC’s HR department for approval by the end of the week. Along with the slides, you must also submit notes on what you will say during the presentation. You should use the Note feature at the bottom of the PowerPoint slide to submit the notes.

Your presentation and notes should include the following: minimum of 11 slides 

• Identify three ways that banks impact the economy. Include clear examples and well-defined reasons.
• Identify two regulations and describe their origin and role in managing risks within banks.
• What risk management standards did the banks employ as a result of the regulations?
• What are the consequences of failing to meet the standards outlined by the regulators?
• Would a firm be prudent to properly manage its leverage and liquidity levels if they are not regulated? Why or why not? What tools can organizations employ to manage the risks caused by inadequate levels?
•  1-Three ways that banks can impact the economy are described, and all include clear examples, well-defined reasons, and a thorough explanation of the economic impact. 
• 2- Two applicable regulations are identified, and the origin and role in managing risks within banks are correctly described with a high level of detail for each. 
• 3- For each regulation mentioned, appropriate risk management standards that were a result are listed and described. 
• 4- Consequences of failure to meet the standards outlined by regulators are thoroughly described. 
• 5- A response with specific examples and with appropriate reasoning on why a firm would or would not want to manage its level of leverage and liquidity if it were not regulated is given. 
• 6- Appropriate tools for managing each risk associated with leverage and liquidity that is mentioned are included.