Respond Discussion 2025

Respond to peer discussion: Follow the 3 x 3 rule: minimum three paragraphs per DQ, with a minimum of three sentences each paragraph. · All respond discussions comments submitted must be in APA format according to Publication Manual American Psychological Association (APA) (7th ed.) · Minimum of two references, not older than 2015. Yirlem Discussion: QD1 …Name five continuous, five discrete, and five categorical variables. Which ones are you going to use in your practicum? Variables in Clinical Practicum Research is a cornerstone aspect of any clinical practice, especially in nursing. It leads to the evolution of treatment and intervention approaches and the discovery of new strains of infections. Research has also proved crucial in the prolonged monitoring of how human specimen reacts with treatment, leading to a broad body of literature in clinical practice. Variables are at the core of every research work, and they come in different forms. Variables are phenomena or characteristics that assume a different value, and the research tries to measure their significance (Shukla). Common variables in the nursing practicum include continuous, discrete and categorical variables, with these influential groups having smaller subgroups. The desired outcome of the research influences the choice of the variable, the research problem, and the study’s limitations.Continuous variables in clinical practicum are variables whose exact values can be accurately determined through measurements such as height, temperature, blood pressure, length of the arm, and glucose levels in the body. The values of discrete variables can be determined through counting, such as number of patients, hospital visits in a month, number of members in a family, number of hospital admissions and number of available beds in the award. Categorical variables are purely qualitative and can be put into convenient groups.). Categorical variables in the clinical practicum include the age of persons, ethnicity, sex, and marital status, level of education, age cohort, and religion and natural color of hair. Works Cited Ranganathan, Priya, and Rakesh Aggarwal. “Study Designs: Part 1 – An Overview and Classification.” PubMed Central (PMC) , Oct. 2018, www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6176693/ . Shukla, Satishprakash. “(PDF) VARIABLES, HYPOTHESES AND STAGES OF RESEARCH 1.” Research Gate , 14 May 2018 www.researchgate.net/publication/325127119_VARIABLES_HYPOTHESES_AND_STAGES_OF_RESEARCH_1 . Yirlem Discussion: QD2 .. An adult patient with a chronic myelogenous leukemia sits down with you to discuss his questions and concerns about his upcoming bone marrow transplant. He has already received some educational materials and participated in a family conference during which health team members described the procedure and potential complications. He has been told that he has a risk of graft rejection or graft versus host disease (GVHD), but he does not understand the distinction. a. What are the similarities between graft versus host disease and graft rejection? b. What are the pathophysiologic differences between graft versus host disease and graft rejection? c. How would these differences be manifested clinically? Studies have shown a protective effect of mild to moderate GVHD in cancer patients who have had a bone marrow transplant. Based on your understanding, can you explain these findings? In patients with failing tissues or organs, medical practice depends on transplantation as a critical resource that has the potential to save lives. Transplanted tissues and organs are allogenic when sourced from organs from donors with non-identical recipients. Additionally, immune responses targeted at foreign tissues result in distinct complications after transplantations. However, graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) transplantation occurs after graft transplantation of expansive immune cells from donors, particularly after bone marrow transplant . Notably, graft rejection is associated with immune reactivity against relocated organs. Although GVHD is activated following the reactivity of immune cells among patients with allogeneic tissues. The recognition of the alloreactive T-cell antigen is divided based on whether the MHC presenting molecule is mismatched or matched. The T-cells precursor frequency, for reasons not yet clarified, can identify mismatched MHC molecules. Among humans, MHC is controlled by the HLA antigens, which are controlled by the MHC gene complex on chromosome 6’s short arm. However, its expressions can be through multiple body cells. The rate of GVHD is related directly to the level of the MHC mismatch. The HLA mismatch in cord blood transplant is more complex to assess than unrelated HSCT due to allele-level typing. References In McLean, S. (2017). Genetics and gene therapy . Routledge. Templeton, N. S. (2015). Gene and cell therapy : Therapeutic mechanisms and strategies. CRC Press.

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Discussion 1 2025

Neuropsychology, by definition, is the study of the relationship between the human brain and human behavior (Jackson & Milberg, 2018). There are many different theories about the relationship between biological, psychological, cognitive, emotional, social, cultural and interpersonal factors influential in psychopathology. Psychopathological development is a process that is formed over the human lifespan. There are many influential pieces of psychopathology—personal experiences across the lifespan influence this developmental process. For example, parents, friends, school relationships, sexual partners are significantly influential in development. (Butcher & Kendall, 2018). Parents play a significant role in the influence of development of their children. This is related to genetic factors, the ability to control children’s exposures and direct interactions with their environment, and choices about environment. These key influential factors will influence a child development across their lifespan. (Barker & Ramchandani, 2017). Biological factors that affect the development of psychopathology are factors with a physical cause. Physical causes include anything that physically plays a role in psychopathology development. A few examples of these include neuroanatomy, genetics, prenatal exposure, and exposure to toxins. Psychological, interpersonal, and emotional factors are related to behavioral, cognitive, and emotional development. Most psychological factors develop and change throughout a person’s life. Different life experiences within a person’s environment include a broad range between having all emotional needs met vs being a victim of abuse. Social and cultural advantages/disparities also are key players in the development of psychopathology. Having access to proper education, health care, safety, and secure surroundings helps solidify development of psychopathology. While not having adequate access to educational opportunities, health care, or a safe environment will affect the plasticity of the developing brain, resulting in changed behavior. Having protective factors in place reassures the human brain and result in the development of psychopathology. Being subjected to positive outside opportunities in many forms assists the development systems, resulting in brain development, positive social behavior, and cultural beliefs. The framework of psychopathology has many implications concerning different origins, assessment processes, levels of classifications, methods of prevention and treatment. (Butcher & Kendall, 2018). Assessing a patient in an evaluation is a crucial diagnostic tool to unlocking the influencing factors of a patient’s developmental process. References Barker, B., Iles, J. E., & Ramchandani, P. G. (2017). Fathers, fathering and child psychopathology. Current Opinion in Psychology , 15 , 87–92. https://doi-org.ezp.waldenulibrary.org/10.1016/j.copsyc.2017.02.015 Butcher, J. N., & Kendall, P. C. (2018). Introduction to childhood and adolescent psychopathology. In J. N. Butcher & P. C. Kendall (Eds.), APA handbook of psychopathology: Child and adolescent psychopathology., Vol. 2. (pp. 3–14). American Psychological Association. https://doi-org.ezp.waldenulibrary.org/10.1037/0000065-001 Jackson, C. E., & Milberg, W. P. (2018). Examination of neurological and neuropsychological features in psychopathology. In J. N. Butcher & J. M. Hooley (Eds.), APA handbook of psychopathology: Psychopathology: Understanding, assessing, and treating adult mental disorders., Vol. 1. (pp. 65–90). American Psychological Association. https://doi-org.ezp.waldenulibrary.org/10.1037/0000064-004

Nursing Assignment Help 2025