Advance Pharm 7 Discussion 2025

When faced with a choice between 2 or more possible answers, using a “STEPS” analysis may be a useful clinical decision making tool. The goal is to provide information for each agent and compare the results to aid in your decision. S: safety – are there any serious drug interactions? Possible serious side effects or adverse drug reactions? T – tolerability – consider any adverse drug effects or side effects that may be concerning to the patient such as: diarrhea, headaches, rash, etc. E – efficacy – is one agent more efficacious than the other for the infection? P – price – does the patient have insurance? will cost inhibit adherence or access to the medication? S – simplicity – which regimen is simpler? Once a day dosing will likely have better adherence rates than three times a day dosing. Also, three days of an antibiotic may be preferable to 7-10 days. Depending on the drug you choose, the frequency and duration will vary. Here’s an example table Drug 1Drug 2SafetyModerate drug interactions  No drug interactions / serious ADRsTolerabilityDiarrheaDiarrhea, headachesEfficacySimilarSimilarPrice/Preference$100/7 days$30/3 daysSimplicity7 days, once daily dosing3 days, BID dosing 1. Which one would you choose and why? 2. Identify the available treatment strategies for CAP in an adult outpatient with comorbidities. Create your own “steps” analysis comparing the use of the available treatment regimens. Be prepared to compare and contrast your ideas with your classmates. Reference: Evaluating the safety and effectiveness of new drugs Post your initial response and respond to one student. Both responses should be a minimum of 150 words each, scholarly written, APA formatted, and referenced. A minimum of 2 references are required (other than your text). Refer to the Grading Rubric for Online Discussion in the Course Resource section.

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Week 8 Discussion Pharm 2025

Discussion 1: Margaret is a 40-year-old white female in for her annual asses. She states she has been under increased stress in her life for the past few months. She and her husband are currently separated and considering divorce. Her teenaged sons are acting out and she is working extra hours to make ends meet. Secondary to the increased stress she has started smoking again, “about a pack per day” and states “I know that I am not eating right.” Margaret has been on the “pill” for almost 20 years and has always liked the method. She states the she has heard that smoking and taking the pill are not good, and she is worried about that. “I really do not need birth control since I am separated but just in case I probably need something.” She states that she has been in a mutually monogamous relationship (as far as she knows) since her marriage 18 years ago. She denies a new partner since her separation. Menarche was at 11 years, her cycles when on the pill are regular and very light. Her menstrual period should start tomorrow as she just finished her active pills. She denies a personal history of abnormal Pap smears, gynecological issues, hypertension (HTN), or diabetes. She is G2P2002, and her pregnancies were full term and uncomplicated at ages 24 and 26. Family history is significant for both parents with HTN and mom has type 2 diabetes. Her paternal grandfather died at age 64 years from type 2 diabetes, HTN, and coronary artery disease. Her other grandparents died in their late 70s early 80s and she is unaware of any medical issues. Assessment: Margaret’s assessment finds her height 5’5″, weight 172 lb (up 10 lb. from last year), current body mass index (BMI 28.6), and blood pressure (BP) 148/88. Head, eyes, ears, nose, and throat (HEENT) are grossly within normal limits (WNL). No thyromegaly or lymphadenopathy. Heart rate is regular and rhythm is without murmurs, thrills, or rubs. Lungs are clear to auscultation in all lobes. Breasts are without masses, nipple discharge, asymmetry, or lymphadenopathy; self breast examnation techniques and frequency reviewed during examnation. Abdomen is soft, nontender, with no masses or hepatosplenomegaly; bowel sounds present in all four quadrants. Pelvic assessment reveals normal vulva and negative Bartholin’s and Skene’s glands; vagina is pink, rugated, with minimal white nonodorous discharge; cervix is pink, multiparous os. Pap smear collected during speculum examination was normal. Bimanual examination reveals a retoverted, firm, mobile, nonenlarged, nontender uterus with negative cervical motion tenderness; adnexa nontender; and ovaries palpable bilaterally, mobile, without masses. Lower extremities were without edema or varicosities. 1. What options are appropriate for this patient? 2. What contraceptive options are contraindicated? 3. What type of patient education is indicated? 4. Given that she has a normal pelvic exa, does that change would that influence your decision? please use apa style reference and don’t use references older than five years ol.

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