Respond on two different days who selected a different scenario than you, in one or more of the following ways:

Share insights on how the factor you selected impacts the disorder your colleague identified.

Ask a probing question regarding the disorder that your colleague identified.

Suggest an alternative disorder for the scenario your colleague selected.

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Scenario 3:

Maria is a 36-year-old who presents for evaluation of a cough. She is normally a healthy young lady with no significant medical history. She takes no medications and does not smoke. She reports that she was in her usual state of good health until approximately 3 weeks ago when she developed a “really bad cold.” The cold is characterized by a profound, deep, mucus-producing cough. She denies any rhinorrhea or rhinitis—the primary problem is the cough. She develops these coughing fits that are prolonged, very deep, and productive of a lot of green sputum. She hasn’t had any fever but does have a scratchy throat. Maria has tried over-the-counter cough medicines but has not had much relief. The cough keeps her awake at night and sometimes gets so bad that she gags and dry heaves.

Acute Cough

     Coughs are the body’s way of clearing airways via forceful expiration.  Inflammation, inhaled particles, accumulated mucus, or foreign bodies stimulate a cough reflex by irritant receptor stimulation in the airway.  An acute cough is classified as lasting 2-3 weeks, and chronic cough is greater than three weeks in a non-smoker. Frequent cough causes are allergic rhinitis, upper respiratory infections, pneumonia, aspiration, pulmonary embolus, and congestive heart failure.  Due to the above-listed scenario, this cough would be diagnosed as acute cough due to timeframe, cough characteristics, and patient history (Huether & McCance, 2019).

Green Sputum

     Sputum contains immune cells and white blood cells from the lower respiratory tract that protect the airway from infections.  Sputum can be clear or colored.  Color sputum may be yellow, white, green, red or blood-tinged, or pink.  Neutrophils are white blood cells that can take on a green color.  This color sputum can be indicative of bacterial infections of the lower respiratory tract.  Pneumonia and cystic fibrosis can produce this color sputum.  To indeed rule out something benign, a sputum culture would need to be obtained and tested (Verywell Health, 2019).  At three weeks in, it would likely be premature to order cultures with limited symptoms. 

Treatment

     Due to the timeframe of cough and only accompanying symptom being green sputum, as a practitioner, I would prescribe an expectorant and schedule a follow up if symptoms persist or worsen.  Teaching should include that adverse effects of expectorants might be GI upset, headache, drowsiness, and dizziness.  Advise patient that expectorants are designed to be short-term (Arcangelo, Peterson, Wilbur, & Reinhold, 2017). Additional home treat to loosen secretions would be a humidifier, staying adequately hydrated and warm salt water gargles if sore throat should appear (Barkley, 2018).

Patient Factors- Behavior and Age

          Maria is an otherwise, healthy 36-year-old female.  Due to her age and symptom status, Maria would be treated conservatively.  Maria is a non-smoker and takes no prescribed medications.  Further investigation would be required if she was a smoker, currently on prescriptions medications, had current disease processes that may factor into the treatment plan.

References

Arcangelo,  V. P., Peterson, A. M., Wilbur, V., & Reinhold, J. A. (Eds.).  (2017). Pharmacotherapeutics for advanced practice: A practical approach (4th ed.). Ambler, PA: Lippincott Williams  & Wilkins.

Barkley, T.  (2018).  Adult-gerontology primary care nurse practitioner.  West Hollywood, CA:  Barkley & Associates.

Huether, S. E., & McCance, K. L. (2017). Understanding pathophysiology (6th ed.). St. Louis, MO: Mosby.

Verywell Health.  (2019). What causes the amount of sputum to increase?  Retrieved from https://www.verywellhealth.com/what-is-sputum-2249192

Throughout history, technological advancements have appeared for one purpose before finding applications elsewhere that lead to spikes in its usage and development. The internet, for example, was originally developed to share research before becoming a staple of work and entertainment. But technology—new and repurposed—will undoubtedly continue to be a driver of healthcare information. Informaticists often stay tuned to trends to monitor what the next new technology will be or how the next new idea for applying existing technology can benefit outcomes.

In this Discussion, you will reflect on your healthcare organization’s use of technology and offer a technology trend you observe in your environment.

To Prepare:

• Reflect on the Resources related to digital information tools and technologies.
• Consider your healthcare organization’s use of healthcare technologies to manage and distribute information.
• Reflect on current and potential future trends, such as use of social media and mobile applications/telehealth, Internet of Things (IoT)-enabled asset tracking, or expert systems/artificial intelligence, and how they may impact nursing practice and healthcare delivery. 

Post a brief description of general healthcare technology trends, particularly related to data/information you have observed in use in your healthcare organization or nursing practice. Describe any potential challenges or risks that may be inherent in the technologies associated with these trends you described. Then, describe at least one potential benefit and one potential risk associated with data safety, legislation, and patient care for the technologies you described. Next, explain which healthcare technology trends you believe are most promising for impacting healthcare technology in nursing practice and explain why. Describe whether this promise will contribute to improvements in patient care outcomes, efficiencies, or data management. Be specific and provide examples.

References:

McGonigle, D., & Mastrian, K. G. (2017). Nursing informatics and the foundation of knowledge (4th ed.). Burlington, MA: Jones & Bartlett Learning.

• Chapter 14, “The Electronic Health Record and Clinical Informatics” (pp. 267–287)
• Chapter 15, “Informatics Tools to Promote Patient Safety and Quality Outcomes” (pp. 293–317)
• Chapter 16, “Patient Engagement and Connected Health” (pp. 323–338)
• Chapter 17, “Using Informatics to Promote Community/Population Health” (pp. 341–355)
• Chapter 18, “Telenursing and Remote Access Telehealth” (pp. 359–388)

Rao-Gupta, S., Kruger, D. Leak, L. D., Tieman, L. A., & Manworren, R. C. B. (2018). Leveraging interactive patient care technology to Improve pain management engagement. Pain Management Nursing, 19(3), 212–221. doi:10.1016/j.pmn.2017.11.002

Skiba, D. (2017). Evaluation tools to appraise social media and mobile applications. Informatics, 4(3), 32–40. doi:10.3390/informatics4030032