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2023 Respond in one or more of the following ways Ask a probing question substantiated with
by adminNursing 2023 post -luke
Respond in one or more of the following ways Ask a probing question substantiated with 2023 Assignment
Respond in one or more of the following ways:
Ask a probing question, substantiated with additional background information, and evidence.
Share an insight from having read your colleagues’ postings, synthesizing the information to provide new perspectives.
Offer and support an alternative perspective using readings from the classroom or from your own review of the literature in the Walden Library.
Make a suggestion based on additional evidence drawn from readings or after synthesizing multiple postings.
Main Post
When conducting research, it is necessary that the researcher not only know how to find the sources needed to answer the question that they have created but also how to analyze that information to understand which research design was used. Doing so will allow the researcher to provide the evidence needed to support or reject the question being asked. Quantitative research is the investigation of phenomena that lends themselves to precise measurement and quantification, often involving a controlled design (Polit & Beck, 2017). This discussion will look at two different quantitative studies and the qualities that make them so.
Sleep Apnea Study Number One
This study by Boulos et al.(2017) looks at the effectiveness of using home sleep apnea testing (HSAT) as a means of detecting obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA) inpatients and outpatients. OSA can negatively impact poststroke functional recovery and by using HSAT these patients can be screened and diagnosed for OSA sooner and improve their poststroke functional and motor recovery (Boulos et al., 2017).
The question being asked is therapeutic in nature. The design of the study is listed under the methods section as a single-center prospective observational study. An observational study means that the researchers do not intervene by manipulating the independent variable (Polit & Beck, 2017). The independent variable within this study would be that all participants have had a stroke or TIA. Prospective designs are studies that begin with a presumed cause and look forward in time for its effect (Polit & Beck, 2017). Within this study, OSA was the presumed cause in a delay of functional and motor recovery for those patients who suffered a stroke or TIA. This design method was appropriate for the group being used. A control group would not have helped to validate the use of HSAT in stroke recovery since those within that group would not be suffering from the same effects. The use of t-tests, Wilcoxon rank sum-test, and multivariate logistic regression were used to analyze the data (Boulos et al., 2017). The results demonstrated that the use of HSAT in the poststroke or TIA population was effective at expediting the diagnosis and treatment of OSA (Boulos et al., 2017).
Sleep Apnea Study Number Two
The second study is similar to the first in that it evaluated patients with acute ischemic stroke for the prevalence of sleep apnea and compared the functional outcomes of patients with and without sleep apnea at the 3rd month after an acute ischemic stroke (Nair et al., 2019). The type of question being asked is an etiology in that it looks to see if OSA is a risk factor for stroke. The design of the study is under the methodology section and is listed as a prospective observational study. This type of study is also known as a cohort design and as stated by Polit & Beck (2017), it is the strongest design for etiology questions when randomization is impossible. This method study is appropriate in that no manipulation was done to the independent variable (stroke). Randomization would not be appropriate for this particular study as the only treatment option would be the use of Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) and the use of such treatment was not evaluated.
Questionnaires such as the sleep disordered Questionnaire, Berlin Questionnaire, and Epworth sleepiness scale were used to diagnose sleep apnea in the patients being evaluated and the results divided the group into those who had sleep apnea and those who did not. The two groups were then compared using Barthel scores at baseline and at 3 months. Using repeated measure of ANOVA, the results showed a significant difference with an improved functional gain in patients in the no sleep apnea group demonstrating that sleep apnea is associated with an increased risk of ischemic stroke and poor functional outcome (Nair et al., 2019).
Conclusion
For researchers, understanding which design method to use when creating a research study can be a great asset to promoting the change that they wish to bring about. Utilizing the wrong research design may diminish the quality of the results and may create doubt about the study overall. Understanding that quantitative studies aim to explain cause-and-effect relationships will help to guide the researcher to design their research to demonstrate causality and bring attention to the problem that they are determined to address (Polit & Beck, 2017).
References
Boulos, M. I., Elias, S., Wan, A., Im, J., Frankul, F., Atalla, M., … Murray, B. J. (2017).
Unattended Hospital and Home Sleep Apnea Testing Following Cerebrovascular Events. Journal of Stroke & Cerebrovascular Diseases, 26(1), 143–149. https://doi-org.ezp.waldenulibrary.org/10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2016.09.001
Nair, R., Radhakrishnan, K., Chatterjee, A., Gorthi, S. P., & Prabhu, V. A. (2019). Sleep
Apnea-Predictor of Functional Outcome in Acute Ischemic Stroke. Journal of Stroke & Cerebrovascular Diseases, 28(3), 807–814. https://doi-org.ezp.waldenulibrary.org/10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2018.11.030
Polit, D. F., & Beck, C. T. (2017). Nursing research: Generating and assessing evidence for
nursing practice (10th ed.). Philadelphia, PA: Wolters Kluwer.
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We give our students 100% satisfaction with their assignments, which is one of the most important reasons students prefer us to other helpers. Our professional group and planners have more than ten years of rich experience. The only reason is that we have successfully helped more than 100000 students with their assignments on our inception days. Our expert group has more than 2200 professionals in different topics, and that is not all; we get more than 300 jobs every day more than 90% of the assignment get the conversion for payment.
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2023 Respond in one or more of the following ways Ask a probing question substantiated with
by adminNursing 2023 post-jessica
Respond in one or more of the following ways Ask a probing question substantiated with 2023 Assignment
Respond in one or more of the following ways:
Ask a probing question, substantiated with additional background information, and evidence.
Share an insight from having read your colleagues’ postings, synthesizing the information to provide new perspectives.
Offer and support an alternative perspective using readings from the classroom or from your own review of the literature in the Walden Library.
Make a suggestion based on additional evidence drawn from readings or after synthesizing multiple postings.
Main Post
Because evidence-based practice (EBP) stems from scientific research, it is imperative that nurses not only be able to read and interpret the results of research studies; they must also have a sound understanding of the various methodologies utilized to gather, analyze, and interpret the data used within those studies. The design of the study, the number of participants, the data collection methods, all help to determine the relevancy of the research for nursing practice. For example, a large-scale, randomized control trial would more accurately measure the impact of hand-washing on infection control. But, a descriptive qualitative analysis would likely be a more effective research design to determine motivators or deterrents of hand-washing behavior. Polit and Beck (2017) maintain that quantitative nursing research studies primarily aim to establish causality. Philosophically speaking, causality is highly complex because most phenomena cannot be contributed to a single causative factor; rather, they are attributable to multiple, sometimes convoluting variables. Correlation while often compelling, does not equal causation, and a sound research design will be able to distinguish the difference (Polit & Beck, 2017).
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder
Rowe, Sperlich, Cameron, and Seng (2014) maintain that post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is an anxiety disorder which develops after experiencing a psychologically traumatic event.
It is characterized by intrusive reminders of the event such as nightmares and flashbacks, avoidance of stimuli associated with the event, persistent negative cognitions and numbing of responses, and symptoms of anxiety, including hyper-vigilance, difficulty concentrating, irritability, and sleep disturbances. PTSD is associated with substantial distress and impairment in functioning. (Rowe, Sperlich, Cameron, and Seng para. 8, 2014)
Epidemiological evidence indicates that women are twice as likely to suffer from PTSD than men (Rowe, Sperlich, Cameron, and Seng, 2014). McGovern et al. (2015) assert that PTSD is more likely to affect individuals with co-occurring substance use disorder. Co-morbidity rates are significantly increased when patients suffer from both PTSD and substance use disorder (McGovern et al., 2015).
Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Design
A randomized control trial (RTC) is an experimental design in which subjects are randomized into distinct groups with the aim of isolating variables to make a comparative analysis and establish the efficacy of each variable. Controlled experiments are considered the gold standard for establishing cause and effect (Polit & Beck, 2017). I selected a single-blind RCT which analyzed treatment modalities for patients with PTSD and co-occurring substance use disorder. The study isolated and analyzed three treatment variables; standard care, integrated cognitive behavioral therapy plus standard care, and individual addiction counseling plus standard care. The results of this RCT determined that cognitive behavioral therapy was most effective for treating symptoms of PTSD. However, cognitive behavioral therapy and individual counseling were similarly effective for treating substance abuse disorder. Both cognitive behavioral therapy and individual counseling combined with standard care were superior to standardized care alone in treating PTSD symptoms and substance abuse (McGovern et al., 2015).
I believe that the randomized control design was appropriate for this research because the goal was to establish cause and effect of various treatment modalities for PTSD with co-occurring substance abuse. RTCs are well suited to isolate the effects of distinct components of complex interventions, and to measure the effectiveness of the interventions against one another (Polit & Beck, 2017). Moreover, the randomization of participants helped to mitigate variations of genetic, behavioral, and environmental differences amongst the participants. Blinding is a method used to prevent biases which occur from people being aware that they are being observed. To ensure optimal results, the designers of this study did not tell the group of patients receiving the intervention they were being studied, however, the participants administering the interventions were aware of the study. If only one group is unaware of the study, it is referred to as being a single-blind study, as opposed to a double-blind study in which both the group administering the intervention and the group receiving it are unaware of the research (Polit & Beck, 2017). One drawback to this design can be that there is no significant difference between the interventions. This research found no statistical difference between treatment interventions for substance abuse, but did conclude that one intervention was superior for PTSD. Therefore I think the design was well suited and yielded evidentiary treatment recommendations.
Analysis of a Quasi-Experimental Design
The quasi-experimental design measures an intervention, but lacks randomization, and sometimes even lack a control group. However, its defining characteristic of is the lack of randomization (Polit & Beck, 2017). I examined a quasi-experimental study which aimed to test the effectiveness of a trauma-specific, psycho-educational intervention for pregnant women with a history of abuse-related PTSD on six-intrapartum and post-partum psychological outcomes. This quasi-experimental research employed the nonequivalent control group, pre-test post-test design. Women voluntarily entered the study by responding to an advertisement or accepting a referral from their medical provider. The research concluded that the educational intervention provided clinical benefits including improved labor experience, less post-partum PTSD and post-partum depression, and decreased bonding impairment (Rowe, Sperlich, Cameron, & Seng, 2014).
I believe that this was an appropriate research design for this study because it facilitated the recruitment and retention of participants from a vulnerable group. The quasi-experimental design was strong in this case because it compared similar patient groups before and after the intervention concluding that differences in outcomes were directly attributable to the intervention. However, this design is vulnerable to selection bias, in that the groups were not comparable before the study (Polit & Beck, 2017). However, because the participants in this study suffered from abuse-related PTSD, this limitation was not applicable to this research.
Consequences of Inappropriate Research Designs
It is imperative to select an appropriate research design because the design of the study has a significant impact on the quality of the results yielded from the research. When the research aims to establish causal relationships, the design is more important than any other methodological factor. Various research designs have distinct strengths and weaknesses, and it is up to the researchers to determine which one is most appropriate for their research question. For therapy questions, experimental designs are the gold standard, while the RCT design is best suited to establish cause and effect. If a researcher chooses a RCT design to answer a therapy question, the quality of the results will suffer, and the question may not even be answered (Polit & Beck, 2017). The goal of the research is to answer questions, but, selecting an inappropriate research design could lead to more questions than answers.
References
McGovern, M. P., Lambert-Harris, C., Xie, H., Meier, A., Mcleman, B., & Saunders, E. (2015). A randomized controlled trial of treatments for co-occurring substance use disorders and post-traumatic stress disorder. Addiction,110(7), 1194-1204. doi:10.1111/add.12943
Polit, D. F., & Beck, C. T. (2017). Nursing research generating and assessing evidence for nursing practice. Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer.
Rowe, H., Sperlich, M., Cameron, H., & Seng, J. (2014). A quasi‐experimental outcomes analysis of a psychoeducation intervention for pregnant women with abuse‐related posttraumatic stress. Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic & Neonatal Nursing,43(3), 282-293. doi:10.1111/1552-6909.12312
#eduessaylab #assignmenthelp #nursingstudents #lawstudents #termpaperbuddy #savvyessaywriters #onlineprowriters #essaywriters4life #exclusivewritings #writinghub.net #collegerpapertutors #www.legalessaywriters.com # legalessaywriters #nursingsavvywriters #nursingassignmenthelp #professionalessaybuddy.com #professionalessaybuddy #timelynursingwriters
We give our students 100% satisfaction with their assignments, which is one of the most important reasons students prefer us to other helpers. Our professional group and planners have more than ten years of rich experience. The only reason is that we have successfully helped more than 100000 students with their assignments on our inception days. Our expert group has more than 2200 professionals in different topics, and that is not all; we get more than 300 jobs every day more than 90% of the assignment get the conversion for payment.
PLACE ORDER NOW
2023 Respond in one or more of the following ways Ask a probing
by adminNursing 2023 post -luke
Respond in one or more of the following ways Ask a probing 2023 Assignment
Respond in one or more of the following ways:
Ask a probing question, substantiated with additional background information, and evidence.
Share an insight from having read your colleagues’ postings, synthesizing the information to provide new perspectives.
Offer and support an alternative perspective using readings from the classroom or from your own review of the literature in the Walden Library.
Make a suggestion based on additional evidence drawn from readings or after synthesizing multiple postings.
Main Post
When conducting research, it is necessary that the researcher not only know how to find the sources needed to answer the question that they have created but also how to analyze that information to understand which research design was used. Doing so will allow the researcher to provide the evidence needed to support or reject the question being asked. Quantitative research is the investigation of phenomena that lends themselves to precise measurement and quantification, often involving a controlled design (Polit & Beck, 2017). This discussion will look at two different quantitative studies and the qualities that make them so.
Sleep Apnea Study Number One
This study by Boulos et al.(2017) looks at the effectiveness of using home sleep apnea testing (HSAT) as a means of detecting obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA) inpatients and outpatients. OSA can negatively impact poststroke functional recovery and by using HSAT these patients can be screened and diagnosed for OSA sooner and improve their poststroke functional and motor recovery (Boulos et al., 2017).
The question being asked is therapeutic in nature. The design of the study is listed under the methods section as a single-center prospective observational study. An observational study means that the researchers do not intervene by manipulating the independent variable (Polit & Beck, 2017). The independent variable within this study would be that all participants have had a stroke or TIA. Prospective designs are studies that begin with a presumed cause and look forward in time for its effect (Polit & Beck, 2017). Within this study, OSA was the presumed cause in a delay of functional and motor recovery for those patients who suffered a stroke or TIA. This design method was appropriate for the group being used. A control group would not have helped to validate the use of HSAT in stroke recovery since those within that group would not be suffering from the same effects. The use of t-tests, Wilcoxon rank sum-test, and multivariate logistic regression were used to analyze the data (Boulos et al., 2017). The results demonstrated that the use of HSAT in the poststroke or TIA population was effective at expediting the diagnosis and treatment of OSA (Boulos et al., 2017).
Sleep Apnea Study Number Two
The second study is similar to the first in that it evaluated patients with acute ischemic stroke for the prevalence of sleep apnea and compared the functional outcomes of patients with and without sleep apnea at the 3rd month after an acute ischemic stroke (Nair et al., 2019). The type of question being asked is an etiology in that it looks to see if OSA is a risk factor for stroke. The design of the study is under the methodology section and is listed as a prospective observational study. This type of study is also known as a cohort design and as stated by Polit & Beck (2017), it is the strongest design for etiology questions when randomization is impossible. This method study is appropriate in that no manipulation was done to the independent variable (stroke). Randomization would not be appropriate for this particular study as the only treatment option would be the use of Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) and the use of such treatment was not evaluated.
Questionnaires such as the sleep disordered Questionnaire, Berlin Questionnaire, and Epworth sleepiness scale were used to diagnose sleep apnea in the patients being evaluated and the results divided the group into those who had sleep apnea and those who did not. The two groups were then compared using Barthel scores at baseline and at 3 months. Using repeated measure of ANOVA, the results showed a significant difference with an improved functional gain in patients in the no sleep apnea group demonstrating that sleep apnea is associated with an increased risk of ischemic stroke and poor functional outcome (Nair et al., 2019).
Conclusion
For researchers, understanding which design method to use when creating a research study can be a great asset to promoting the change that they wish to bring about. Utilizing the wrong research design may diminish the quality of the results and may create doubt about the study overall. Understanding that quantitative studies aim to explain cause-and-effect relationships will help to guide the researcher to design their research to demonstrate causality and bring attention to the problem that they are determined to address (Polit & Beck, 2017).
References
Boulos, M. I., Elias, S., Wan, A., Im, J., Frankul, F., Atalla, M., … Murray, B. J. (2017).
Unattended Hospital and Home Sleep Apnea Testing Following Cerebrovascular Events. Journal of Stroke & Cerebrovascular Diseases, 26(1), 143–149. https://doi-org.ezp.waldenulibrary.org/10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2016.09.001
Nair, R., Radhakrishnan, K., Chatterjee, A., Gorthi, S. P., & Prabhu, V. A. (2019). Sleep
Apnea-Predictor of Functional Outcome in Acute Ischemic Stroke. Journal of Stroke & Cerebrovascular Diseases, 28(3), 807–814. https://doi-org.ezp.waldenulibrary.org/10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2018.11.030
Polit, D. F., & Beck, C. T. (2017). Nursing research: Generating and assessing evidence for
nursing practice (10th ed.). Philadelphia, PA: Wolters Kluwer.
#eduessaylab #assignmenthelp #nursingstudents #lawstudents #termpaperbuddy #savvyessaywriters #onlineprowriters #essaywriters4life #exclusivewritings #writinghub.net #collegerpapertutors #www.legalessaywriters.com # legalessaywriters #nursingsavvywriters #nursingassignmenthelp #professionalessaybuddy.com #professionalessaybuddy #timelynursingwriters
We give our students 100% satisfaction with their assignments, which is one of the most important reasons students prefer us to other helpers. Our professional group and planners have more than ten years of rich experience. The only reason is that we have successfully helped more than 100000 students with their assignments on our inception days. Our expert group has more than 2200 professionals in different topics, and that is not all; we get more than 300 jobs every day more than 90% of the assignment get the conversion for payment.
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2023 Recent data from your unit shows that only 78 of the nurses are engaging in routine hand washing
by adminNursing 2023 Medical Surg week one discussion 1
Recent data from your unit shows that only 78 of the nurses are engaging in routine hand washing 2023 Assignment
Recent data from your unit shows that only 78% of the nurses are engaging in routine hand-washing. What activities should the RN engage in to increase compliance with hand-washing in order to improve (quality) patient outcomes in terms of personal activity, supervision of others, accountability to patients, education of other members of the interdisciplinary team on the unit, etc.?
#eduessaylab #assignmenthelp #nursingstudents #lawstudents #termpaperbuddy #savvyessaywriters #onlineprowriters #essaywriters4life #exclusivewritings #writinghub.net #collegerpapertutors #www.legalessaywriters.com # legalessaywriters #nursingsavvywriters #nursingassignmenthelp #professionalessaybuddy.com #professionalessaybuddy #timelynursingwriters
We give our students 100% satisfaction with their assignments, which is one of the most important reasons students prefer us to other helpers. Our professional group and planners have more than ten years of rich experience. The only reason is that we have successfully helped more than 100000 students with their assignments on our inception days. Our expert group has more than 2200 professionals in different topics, and that is not all; we get more than 300 jobs every day more than 90% of the assignment get the conversion for payment.
PLACE ORDER NOW