Assignment 1: Initial Analysis for Program Planning

Needs Assessment

“As a concept, need is not only difficult to define but, once defined, difficult to measure” (Kettner, Moroney, & Martin, 2017, p. 63). Likewise, it can be challenging to define and measure assets—yet it is equally important to do so during this phase of program planning. This week’s Learning Resources provide foundational information and guidance for conducting needs assessments, which entails discerning needs that must be addressed in light of the assets that are present.

As you return to Assignment 1, the attention turns to conducting a needs assessment for the problem you have identified. What data collection strategies could be most useful? What issues would likely be encountered? How would you address them?

To prepare for this week’s section of Assignment 1:

• Continue      (from the Discussion) to:
  • Identify       a viable approach for conducting a needs assessment for your problem.
  • Identify       method(s) of data collection.
  • Assess       potential challenges and propose alternatives/solutions.

The full Assignment 1 is due by day 4 (Thursday 12/20/18) of this week. Instructions have been provided in previous weeks to help you prepare.

By Day 4

To complete:

Write a 3- to 5-page paper, in APA format with at least 7 scholarly references in which you address the following level 1 and 2 header:

Also include an introduction and a conclusion as per APA guidelines.

1) Identification of a Problem and a Population

• Identify      a problem and a target population.
       (Note: Your problem      should be clearly developed and related to a health-promotion and      disease-prevention issue of national significance. You should select a      target population so that your program can be designed to create maximum      yet realistic impact at the aggregate level.)

2) Using a Theory or Model

• Analyze      a theory or model that is relevant to your selected problem. Explain why      this is the most appropriate model for you to use with this problem.

3) Literature Review (provide at least 4 scholarly articles less than 5 years old) )

• Assess      the literature as it relates to your problem. Use evidence from the      literature to support your response to the following question: Why is it important to assist this      population to resolve the selected problem?

4) Needs Assessment

• Describe      an appropriate approach to conducting a needs assessment for your problem.
• Identify      method(s) of data collection.
• Assess      potential challenges and propose alternatives/solutions.

Required Readings

Hodges, B. C., & Videto, D. M. (2011). Assessment and planning in health programs (2nd ed.). Sudbury, MA: Jones & Bartlett Learning.

Chapter 1, “Assessment for Developing Programs and Interventions: The Big Picture”

Chapter 1 notes the importance of looking not just at needs but also the assets associated with the target population and environment; that is, assessing what needs to be addressed given the assets that are present.

This report offers a guide for the use of the logic model in program planning and outcome-oriented evaluation for nonprofit projects.

Chapter 3, “Data Collection Strategies for Needs Assessments and Evaluations”

In Chapter 3, the authors examine data collection, a key element of needs assessments. They also indicate that it is wise to plan ahead and consider data collection strategies for evaluation at the same time.

• Chapter 2, “Paint a Picture of Your Target Population:      Assessing Assets and Problems” 

This chapter presents valuable information for identifying your target population during program planning. Note: Some of the information in this chapter extends into needs assessment, which will be addressed in Week 4.

Chapter 6, “The Importance and Use of Theories in Health Education and Health Promotion”

The authors describe various theories, noting that theories are not universally applicable to every program.

Kettner, P. M., Moroney, R. M., & Martin, L. L. (2017). Designing and managing programs: An effectiveness-based approach (5th ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

• Review Chapter 1, “Contemporary Issues in Social      Services Program Planning and Administration” (See attached file).
• Review Chapter 3, “Understanding Social      Problems” (See attached file).

Review these chapters as needed to help you identify a health care-related problem for program planning and evaluation. For instance, you may find the problem analysis information on page 13 and pages 38–39 beneficial.

Chapter 2, “The Contribution of Theory to Program Planning”

This chapter examines the application of theory in program planning.

Chapter 4, “Needs Assessment: Theoretical Considerations”

Chapter 5, “Needs Assessment: Approaches to Measurement”

These two chapters provide foundational information as well as guidance for conducting a needs assessment as part of program planning.

Adams, J. & Kaplow, R. (2013). A sitter reduction program in an acute health care system. Nursing Economics$, 31(2), 83–89.

Pinto, B.M., Waldemore, M., & Rosen, R. (2015). A community-based partnership to promote exercise among cancer survivors: Lessons learned. International Journal Behavioral Medicine, 22, 328–335 doi 10.1007/s12529-014-9395-5 

Tompa, E., deBoer, H., Macdonald, S., Alarngir, H., Koehoorn, M., & Guzman, J. (2016). Stakeholders’ perspectives about and priorities for economic evaluation of health and safety programs in healthcare. Workplace Health and Safety, 64(4), 163–174 DOI: 10.1177/2165079915620201.

Leading Health Indicators. (n.d.). Retrieved March 22, 2017, from https://www.healthypeople.gov/2020/Leading-Health-Indicators 

National Database of Nursing Quality Indicators. (n.d.). Retrieved March 22, 2017, from http://www.pressganey.com/solutions/clinical-quality/nursing-quality 

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. (2010). Healthy People 2020. (n.d.). Retrieved March 22, 2017, from https://www.healthypeople.gov/sites/default/files/HP2020_brochure_with_LHI_508_FNL.pdf 

IOM Future of Nursing Report. (n.d.). Retrieved March 22, 2017, from http://www.nursingworld.org/MainMenuCategories/ThePracticeofProfessionalNursing/workforce/IOM-Future-of-Nursing-Report-1

Berhane, A., Biadgilign, S., Berhane, A., & Memiah, P. (2015). Male involvement in family planning program in Northern Ethiopia: An application of the Transtheoretical model. Patient Education and Counseling 98, 469–475

Kroelinger, C.D., Rankin, K. M., Chamgers, D.A., Diez Roux, A.V., Huges, K., & Grigorescu, V. (2014). Using the principles of complex systems thinking and implementation sceice to enhance maternal and child health program planning and delivery. Maternal Child Health Journal, 18, 1560–1564. doi 10.1007/s10995-014-1586-9

Silverman, B., Champney, J., Steber, S., & Zubritsky, C. (2015). Collaborating for consensus: Considerations for convening Coalition stakeholders to promote a gender-based approach to addressing the health needs of sex workers. Evaluation and Program Planning 51,17–26 doi.org/10.1016/j.evalprogplan.2014.12.002

Smith, T.L., Barlow, P.b., Peters, J.M., & Skolits, G.J. (2015). Demystifying reflective practice: Using the DATA model to enhance evaluators’ professional activities. Evaluation and Program Planning, 52, 142–147.

Burrows, T., Hutchesson, M., Chai, L,K., Rollow, M., Skinner, G., & Collins, C. (2015). Nutrition interventions for prevention and management of childhood obesity: What do parents want from an eHealth program? Nutrients, 7, 10469–10479 doi:10.3390/nu7125546

Derguy, C., Michel, G., M’Bailara, K., Roux, S., & Bouvard, M. (2015). Assessing needs in parents of children with autism spectrum disorder: A crucial preliminary step to target relevant issues for support programs. Journal of Intellectual & Developmental Disability, 40(2), 156–166 doi.org/10.3109/13668250.2015.1023707

Millard, T., McDonald, K., Elliott, J., Slavin, S., Rowell, S., & Girdler, S. (2014). Informing the development of an online self-management program for men living with HIV: a needs assessment. BMC Public Health, 14, 1209 doi:10.1186/1471-2458-14-1209

Springer, A. E. & Evans, A.E. (2016). Assessing environmental assets for health promotion program planning: a practical framework for health promotion practitioners. Health Promotion Perspectives, 6(3), 111–118 doi: 10.15171/hpp.2016.19

Required Media

Laureate Education (Producer). (2011). Design and evaluation of programs and projects [Video file}. Baltimore, MD: Author.

• “Defining a      Population Health Problem” (featuring Dr. Melissa Willmarth, Dr. Debora Dole,      and Dr. Donna Shambley-Ebron)

You may view this course video by clicking the link or on the course DVD, which contains the same content. Once you’ve opened the link, click on the appropriate media piece.

In these videos, Dr. Melissa Willmarth, Dr. Debora Dole, and Dr. Donna Shambley-Ebron provide insights related to defining health care-related problems.

Laureate Education (Producer). (2011). Design and evaluation of programs and projects [Video file]. Baltimore, MD: Author.

“Needs Assessment” (featuring Dr. Rebecca Lee, Shiniche Thomas, and Dr. Donna Shambley-Ebron)

You may view this course video by clicking the link or on the course DVD, which contains the same content. Once you’ve opened the link, click on the appropriate media piece.

In this week’s videos, Dr. Rebecca Lee and Dr. Donna Shambley-Ebron discuss needs assessments. Then, Dr. Rebecca Lee demonstrates a windshield assessment along with Seven Hills community resident Shiniche Thomas.

Optional Resources

Algera, M., Francke, A. L., Kerkstra, A., & Van der Zee, J. (2004). Integrative literature reviews and meta-analyses: Home care needs of patients with long-term conditions: Literature review. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 46(4), 417–429.

This article compares literature in the field to determine a profile for people with long-term health care conditions who utilize home care services.

Madden, S. G., Loeb, S. J., & Smith, C. A. (2008). An integrative literature review of lifestyle interventions for the prevention of type II diabetes mellitus. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 17(17), 2243–2256.

This article is an example of an integrative literature review that identifies aspects of nursing programs aimed at prevention of type II diabetes, effectiveness of such programs, and compliance with lifestyle changes after such programs.

Hulton, L. J. (2007). An evaluation of a school-based teenage pregnancy prevention program using a logic model framework. Journal of School Nursing, 23(2), 104–110.

This article describes the use of the logic model to develop, implement, and evaluate a nursing intervention in a school setting.

Johnson, S. S., Driskell, M., Johnson, J. L., Prochaska, J. M., Zwick, W., & Prochaska, J. O. (2006). Efficacy of a transtheoretical model-based expert system for antihypertensive adherence. Disease Management, 9(5), 291–301.

This article introduces the use of the transtheoretical model and stages of change as applied to interventions aimed at medication adherence for patients with hypertension.

Rogers, L. Q., Shah, P., Dunnington, G., Greive, A., Shanmugham, A., Dawson, B., & Courneya, K. S. (2005). Social cognitive theory and physical activity during breast cancer treatment. Oncology Nursing Forum, 32(4), 807–815.

The social cognitive theory is utilized to examine associations with physical activity in breast cancer patients. This article posits that the social cognitive theory can be used as a mediator for intervention evaluation with this population.

W. K. Kellogg Foundation. (2004). Using logic models to bring together planning, evaluation, and action: Logic model development guide. Battle Creek, MI: W. K. Kellogg Foundation. Retrieved from http://www.wkkf.org/resource-directory/resource/2006/02/wk-kellogg-foundation-logic-model-development-guide.

1) **********minimum 2 full pages ( not words)**************************** (cover or reference page not included) 

2)¨**********APA norms 

3)********** It will be verified by Turnitin and SafeAssign 

__________________________________________________________

Read well. Paper should be 1 page, and done differently 2 times (copy and paste is not accepted) you must answer the question four times on different pages in the same document (Word)

Questions:

  The benefits of massage can be categorized into physical level, mental level and emotional level. 

1) Choose one of them and mention at least three benefits of massage in that chosen level. 

2) Mention at least 3 contraindications of massage. 

3)Have you ever had a massage? 

a) What type of massage? Please, tell about your experience 

• Field: Nursing

Report Issue

Books Required; Health Care Ethics: Critical Issues for the 21st Century 3rd Edition Author: Morrison, E.E. & Furlong, B. ISBN: 978-1449665357 Publisher: Jones & Bartlett Learning, (2014) 

 Explain in detail using a minimum of 100 words how the principles of ethics can assist in finding a middle ground on the topics of abortion and cloning? 

How can community health nurses apply the strategies of cultural competence to their practice? Provide at least one example from each of the following four strategies: cultural preservation, cultural accommodation, cultural repatterning, and cultural brokering. What is a possible barrier to applying the strategy/example chosen? Use an example that is different than the postings of other students. This example should include an evidence-based article that addresses a cultural issue. Response should include an APA reference

 We have all mentioned in this week and prior weeks discussion that cost of care is not always affordable whether you do or do not have insurance. In thinking about the implementation of the ACA, if insurance coverage was not obtained then financial penalty ensued. So basically (in my area) if you couldn’t afford to pay, you payed, to the tune of up to $285.00 per family in 2014, $325.00 in 2015, and $2085.00 in 2016-2018 (Eibner & Nowak, 2018). How did that make sense? After 2018, the financial penalty mandate was eliminated due to the Tax Cut and Jobs Act of 2017. Per the Congressional Budget office, this mandate elimination is estimated to reduce health care coverage by 3-6 million between 2019-2021 and increase the premiums on the individual market by approximately 10 percent (Eibner & Nowak, 2018). Meaning others payed to make up for the loss in penalty payments. The proposed plan of 2020 by President Trump is looking to allow pre-existing conditions to be a consideration for companies again, which will lead to yet higher premiums and higher rates of uninsured. All seems confusing with much back-and-forth.
Rising health care costs due to new technology, prescription drug costs rising, rise in chronic disease, and high administrative costs are no secret. Cost management needs to come from all angles. Yet it seems no one financially benefiting wants to take the hit. Fifty- nine percent of physician in the U.S. state they are aware their patients have difficulty paying for care services (Laff, 2015). Yet, according to Laff (2015) salary report, “salaries for family physicians rose 10 percent between 2014 and 2015, the fifth highest rate of increase for any specialty.” I would venture to say that it would be a rarity to find a worker in the medical field that would say they feel they are overpaid and willing to take a pay cut to help reduce medical costs and allow more to be insured.
With this class making me more aware of the issues and proposed plans, it surely makes me wonder if resolution is even a possibility, or if the gap will just widen as each new plan that gets put into place just gets overturned by the next in office and more people get lost in the mix. 

Respond to the above post in just 200-250 words

Two  APA references