Comment 1

Nursing research falls within paradigms which are positivist and naturalistic. Both paradigms oppose assumptions about views and reality of the world. Example of reality, the positivist believes that a single reality exists and that can be measured, while naturalistic paradigm are multiple realities that are continually changing and this makes it very difficult to measure. The two main types of research methods are quantitative and qualitative.

Quantitative research aligns with the positivist paradigm, while qualitative research aligns with the naturalistic paradigm. Quantitative research is a formal, objective, deductive approach to problem solving. While qualitative research is more informal, subjective, inductive approach to problem solving.

       Both methods are appropriate for conducting research; Selection of method to use depends primarily on the research questions being asked. These questions move from the research problem and purpose statement. For example, testing a new fall prevention program within hospital would require to obtain a baseline fall rate before the program and then again after full implementation of the program. Statistically, one could compare rate of falls before the new program with the rate of falls after the new program.  Unit of analysis would be numbers and would lend itself to a quantitative design. However, if interested in studying the impact of falls on patient’s quality of life, obtain that information through a personal interview. The unit of analysis would be words, and a qualitative method would be the most appropriate approach to analyze this data (Houser, 2008).

Comment 2

Using both methods can be advantageous to researchers because both methods can be used to conduct studies. Qualitative studies use word to develops theory and frameworks and quantitative studies use numbers to test theory. It is also advantageous to use both studies when one study is conducted , the researcher can continue to validate the study after it is found to be reliable (Biddix, 2018).

Disadvantages of both studies comes into play in relations to bias and analyzing data. Bias takes away from the truthfulness of the study because the researcher will use the findings to their advantage.  Elimination of bias in a quantitative study is “achieved when validity and reliability are established and in qualitative study it is achieved “when reliability, applicability and consistency are established” (Biddix, 2018). 

Qualitative researchers use print media and electronic media to analyze data.  The disadvantage of data analysis is getting the necessary information for the study when the information from these sources are very large (Biddix, 2018).

The Standards for Quality Improvement Reporting Excellence (SQUIRE)   guidelines provide some guidance on the evaluation of quality   improvement efforts. They are used as both grant proposal and   manuscript preparation guides. Use the “Revised Standards for   Quality Improvement Reporting Excellence: SQUIRE 2.0” resource to   respond to the following:

Discuss how your project/prospectus fits into the SQUIRE guidelines.   Explain why your project is a quality improvement project and not a   research project. 1 page, APA.

Read: Revised standards for quality improvement reporting excellence:   SQUIRE 2.0. (2017).

URL: http://squire-statement.org/index.cfm?fuseaction=Page.ViewPage&PageID=471
  
 

EPIDEMIOLOGY ASSIGNMENT

INSTRUCTIONS:

1. Go to http://www.healthypeople.gov/2020/default.aspx and review the Healthy People 2020 initiative. Pay close attention to the objectives, goals, and indicators.

2. Using your city (MIAMI, FL) or county public health department or the CDC, choose 3 population or community based problems such as disease, disaster, crimes, accidents, falls etc… from the topics outlined in the website and prepare an analysis discussing how these 3 conditions, affect your community and how they were identified and a plan of action to contained them base on healthy people 2020.

3. You can also use the following CDC link https://www.cdc.gov/outbreaks/index.html and identify 3 community infectious outbreaks such as measles and develop the assignment.

The presentation must be in APA format with a minimum of 1500 words (excluding first and references page) with a minimum of 4 evidence-based references using the required Arial 12 font. Must include the zip code of the city or county chosen. Follow the APA example paper that was sent to you at the beginning of the course for guidance. Make sure references are used according to APA guidelines and electronic references must be from reliable sources such as CDC.

The assignment will be post it in the discussion tab of the blackboard for grading and in the SafeAssign exercise in the assignment to verify originality. FNU only accept 35% of plagiarism. I will not accept any assignment that exceeds the percentage of plagiarism establish by the university. 

Motivation and Behavior

You are in charge of developing a team-building activity to improve  collaboration and increased communication for your team members. You are  the newly promoted manager. Your department is closing for the day so  you have four hours together in a team environment.

Review the following details of team members:

• Rosanna (46) and Mary (20) are two staff members who do not get  along. Rosanna is quiet and a loner. Mary is outspoken, and talks about  her personal life to friends.
• Cindy, (35), and Lolita, (40), are part-time staff. They are  stressed due to economy. They interact with full time staff, but full  time staff think they complain too much and shouldn’t because they are  part time
• Chip is a twenty-three-year-old maintenance worker who works  part-time job at night, in addition to full-time role. He is often  tired.
• Samir is fifty-five, works full-time, and cannot wait until retirement.
• Sarah (52) is a negative department manager who complains. She is a strong informal leader and has influence over the group.
• Jerry is twenty-four and in graduate school. He has a positive  attitude and is not motivated because no one likes to work together.

You need to divide the team into three groups. Remember this is a team-building activity.

• How will you make the determination which members to put together?
• Should members, who have a negative attitude, be placed with members who are positive? Why or why not?
• How will a negative manager affect the overall group dynamic as opposed to a positive leader who wants to see the team develop?
• How influential can an informal leader be among team members?
• What barriers to effective teamwork can you anticipate and how will it be addressed?

Submission Details:

• Your presentation should consist of 12–15 professional color  Microsoft PowerPoint slides (not including the title and reference  slide) along with detailed speaker notes to include examples to support  each slide.
• Support your responses with examples.
• Cite any sources in APA format
• Present the additional information in the Notes section.

Please answer the following questions in your own words to the best of your understanding. If you find evidence that is not from the Gordis text, please cite it in APA Style.

1. An investigator examined cases of fetal death in 27,000 pregnancies and classified mothers according to whether they had experienced sexual intercourse within 1 month before delivery. It was found that 11% of the mothers of fetuses that died and 2.5% of the mothers of fetuses that survived had had sexual intercourse during the period. It was concluded that intercourse during the month preceding delivery caused the fetal deaths. What guideline(s) did this researcher fail to take into account? Why is the conclusion reached by the investigator incorrect? (3 pts)
2. How would you relate association and causation? Are these terms the same thing? (3 pts)
3. How could an epidemiological study prove causation? Other than the examples in the book, can you discuss another example of how an epidemiological study proved causation? (3 pts)
4. Give examples of indirect and direct causation associated with experiences in everyday life. (3 pts)
5. Give an example of a time you experienced what you thought was causation, but turned out to be confounding. This could be an event that has happened to you or a news story that demonstrated confounding. (3 pts)

Please remember to number your responses appropriately