Rough Draft Qualitative Research Critique and Ethical Considerations 2025

Write a critical appraisal that demonstrates comprehension of two qualitative research studies. Use the “Research Critique Guidelines – Part 1” document to organize your essay. Successful completion of this assignment requires that you provide rationale, include examples, and reference content from the studies in your responses. Use the practice problem and two qualitative, peer-reviewed research article you identified in the Topic 1 assignment to complete this assignment. Qualitative data has been described as voluminous and sometimes overwhelming to the researcher. Discuss two strategies that would help a researcher manage and organize the data. Qualitative data is looking at the “why” behind the behaviors in question. This type of research often means asking people to disclose personal information to you about their experiences and feelings. This is not the type of collecting that is analyzed into statistical data sets. This is data that is expressed feelings and experiences so creating transcripts of interviews conducted is an effective way to manage the information. Recording how the participant was feeling and the experiences described is the goal of the researcher. This will mean recording what is really said instead of interpreting the information and making conclusions and summaries of the information. Having a transcript of the conversation will provide a basis to make notes on and glean information from later. Care needs to be taken to protect the participants identities in the transcripts. Another way to manage the data collected is to code the data based on similarities. Once a researcher has several transcripts to review, they can begin coding and identifying the areas of similarity between interviews. Coding is used enough that researchers have developed software systems that help them organize their transcripts. Items can be highlighted in various colors to represent the different coded areas. By grouping the information the researcher can see larger patterns in responses and begin to form hypotheses about the problem. Sutton, J., & Austin, Z. (2015). Qualitative Research: Data Collection, Analysis, and Management. The Canadian journal of hospital pharmacy , 68 (3), 226–231. The collection and management of data for a qualitative nursing study entails not only a sufficient amount of time, but also a high level of flexibility, fluidity, and creativity (Green and Johnson, 2018). The process evolves as the study is carried out as it adapts to the dynamic characteristics of the identified participants. While it involves an in-depth discussion of personal thoughts and feelings with the participants, the researcher takes precautions to ensure that the study remains objective and unbiased by maintaining professional boundaries and adhering to professional standards of practice (Green and Johnson, 2018) Green and Johnson identified at least four methodologies that can help researchers manage and organize the data for a qualitative study. Among these methodologies include conducting interviews which can either be structured and unstructured. Structured interviews involve a set of standardized questions that are predetermined based on the goals of the study. Unstructured interviews involve questions that are not prearranged but are spontaneous and are developed during the course of the interview depending on the interviewee’s responses. Although they are designed to be more informal and free-flowing, unstructured interviews involve probing questions to gather the thoughts of the interviewee about the subject matter. In both types of interviews, transcripts of conversations are needed (Green and Johnson, 2018). The other methodology is through a focus group where a group of people are assembled for a free-flowing discussion. Members of the focus groups are usually selected based on a criteria determined prior to the selection of members. The interviewer functions as the moderator who prepares a set of questions that will be explored during the discussion. Transcripts of conversations are also documented or recorded. Reference Green, S. and Johnson, J., 2018. Research Ethics and Evaluation of Qualitative Research. Nursing Research: Understanding Methods for Best Practice. Retrieved from https://lc.gcumedia.com/nrs433v/nursing-research-understanding-methods-for-best-practice/v1.1/#/chapter/2 In a 1,000–1,250 word essay, summarize two qualitative studies, explain the ways in which the findings might be used in nursing practice, and address ethical considerations associated with the conduct of the study. Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required. This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion. You are required to submit this assignment to LopesWrite. Refer to the LopesWrite Technical Support articles for assistance. Attachments NRS-433V-RS2-ResearchCritiqueGuidelinesPart I.docx Rough Draft Qualitative Research Critique and Ethical Considerations – Rubric No of Criteria: 10 Achievement Levels: 5 CriteriaAchievement LevelsDescriptionPercentageUnsatisfactory0.00 %Less than Satisfactory75.00 %Satisfactory83.00 %Good94.00 %Excellent100.00 %Content75.0 Background of Study 15.0Background of study including problem, significance to nursing, purpose, objective, and research questions is incomplete.Background of study including problem, significance to nursing, purpose, objective, and research questions is included but lacks relevant details and explanation.Background of study including problem, significance to nursing, purpose, objective, and research questions is partially complete and includes some relevant details and explanation. Background of study including problem, significance to nursing, purpose, objective, and research questions is complete and includes relevant details and explanation.Background of study including problem, significance to nursing, purpose, objective, and research questions is thorough with substantial relevant details and extensive explanation. Method of Study15.0Discussion of method of study including discussion of conceptual/theoretical framework is incomplete.Discussion of method of study including discussion of conceptual/theoretical framework is included but lacks relevant details and explanation.Discussion of method of study including discussion of conceptual/theoretical framework is partially complete and includes some relevant details and explanation.Discussion of method of study including discussion of conceptual/theoretical framework is complete and includes relevant details and explanation.Discussion of method of study including discussion of conceptual/theoretical framework is thorough with substantial relevant details and extensive explanation.Results of Study15.0Discussion of study results including findings and implications for nursing practice is incomplete.Discussion of study results including findings and implications for nursing practice is included but lacks relevant details and explanation.Discussion of study results including findings and implications for nursing practice is partially complete and includes some relevant details and explanation.Discussion of study results including findings and implications for nursing practice is complete and includes relevant details and explanation. Discussion of study results including findings and implications for nursing practice is thorough with substantial relevant details and extensive explanation.Ethical Considerations15.0Discussion of ethical considerations associated with the conduct of nursing research is incomplete.Discussion of ethical considerations associated with the conduct of nursing research is included but lacks relevant details and explanation.Discussion of ethical considerations associated with the conduct of nursing research is partially complete and includes some relevant details and explanation.Discussion of ethical considerations associated with the conduct of nursing research is complete and includes relevant details and explanation.Discussion of ethical considerations associated with the conduct of nursing research is thorough with substantial relevant details and extensive explanation.Conclusion15.0Conclusion does not summarize a critical appraisal and applicability of findings.Conclusion is vague and does not discuss importance to nursing. Conclusion summarizes utility of the research and importance to nursing practice.Conclusion summarizes utility of the research from the critical appraisal and the findings importance to nursing practice.Conclusion summarizes utility of the research from the critical appraisal, knowledge learned, and the importance of the findings to nursing practice. Organization and Effectiveness15.0 Thesis Development and Purpose5.0Paper lacks any discernible overall purpose or organizing claim.Thesis is insufficiently developed or vague. Purpose is not clear.Thesis is apparent and appropriate to purpose.Thesis is clear and forecasts the development of the paper. Thesis is descriptive and reflective of the arguments and appropriate to the purpose.Thesis is comprehensive and contains the essence of the paper. Thesis statement makes the purpose of the paper clear.Argument Logic and Construction5.0Statement of purpose is not justified by the conclusion. The conclusion does not support the claim made. Argument is incoherent and uses noncredible sources.Sufficient justification of claims is lacking. Argument lacks consistent unity. There are obvious flaws in the logic. Some sources have questionable credibility.Argument is orderly, but may have a few inconsistencies. The argument presents minimal justification of claims. Argument logically, but not thoroughly, supports the purpose. Sources used are credible. Introduction and conclusion bracket the thesis. Argument shows logical progressions. Techniques of argumentation are evident. There is a smooth progression of claims from introduction to conclusion. Most sources are authoritative.Argument is clear and convincing and presents a persuasive claim in a distinctive and compelling manner. All sources are authoritative.Mechanics of Writing (includes spelling, punctuation, grammar, language use)5.0Surface errors are pervasive enough that they impede communication of meaning. Inappropriate word choice or sentence construction is used.Frequent and repetitive mechanical errors distract the reader. Inconsistencies in language choice (register), sentence structure, or word choice are present.Some mechanical errors or typos are present, but they are not overly distracting to the reader. Correct sentence structure and audience-appropriate language are used. Prose is largely free of mechanical errors, although a few may be present. A variety of sentence structures and effective figures of speech are used. Writer is clearly in command of standard, written, academic English. Format10.0 Paper Format (use of appropriate style for the major and assignment)5.0Template is not used appropriately or documentation format is rarely followed correctly.Template is used, but some elements are missing or mistaken; lack of control with formatting is apparent.Template is used, and formatting is correct, although some minor errors may be present. Template is fully used; There are virtually no errors in formatting style.All format elements are correct. Documentation of Sources (citations, footnotes, references, bibliography, etc., as appropriate to assignment and style)5.0Sources are not documented.Documentation of sources is inconsistent or incorrect, as appropriate to assignment and style, with numerous formatting errors.Sources are documented, as appropriate to assignment and style, although some formatting errors may be present.Sources are documented, as appropriate to assignment and style, and format is mostly correct. Sources are completely and correctly documented, as appropriate to assignment and style, and format is free of error. Total Percentage 100

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Answer a discussion post 2025

Mr. JD is a 24-year-old who presents to Urgent Care with a 2-week history of cough and congestion. He says it started out as a “normal cold” and it will not go away. He has a productive cough for green mucous and has green nasal discharge. He says he has had a low-grade temperature for the past 2 days. John reports an intermittent frontal headache with this cold. He is otherwise healthy, with no known allergies. In his assessment it is found that his vital signs are stable, temperature is 99.9 degrees F, tympanic membranes (TMs) are clear bilaterally, pharynx is erythematous with no exudate; there is greenish postnasal drainage; turbinates are swollen and red; frontal sinus tenderness; no cervical adenopathy, and lungs are clear bilaterally. Is there any additional subjective or objective information you need for this client? Explain. In addition to what we have been told there are several things that may be identified. On first glance it would be important to assess the patients skin color, assess if they were sweating or were cold. It would be necessary to ask about allergies and see if he has been exposed to any possible allergens or irritants. It would need to be determined if this was the first time this has happened or has been a common occurrence. Assessing any recent traumatic injuries, headaches, or nose bleeds may help the clinician determine the root cause of the problem. Family history, patients past medical history, social history, and any current medications is a definite must. His vitals are stable besides the climb in temperature, so you could ask how he was sleeping and if he was getting enough fluid intake. Would you treat Mr. JDs cold? Why or why not? I would definitely treat JD’s symptoms. He has been down and out for two weeks and his condition is not getting any better. His temperature is increasing, and he is symptomatic with tender mucous membranes, post nasal drip, and erythema. These are signs of an infection that should be treated. Not only is he at risk for getting worse but he could potentially expose others to his current illness. Clinical diagnosis of acute bacterial sinusitis requires prolonged, nonspecific upper respiratory signs such as rhinosinusitis and cough without improvement for more than 10 days, and symptoms such as fever, facial swelling, or facial pain (Woo & Robinson, 2016). What would you prescribe and for how many days? Include the class of the medication, mechanism of action, route, the half-life; how it is metabolized in and eliminated from the body; and contraindications and black box warnings. Many times, antibiotics are prescribed too quickly and often times will not be effective if it is a viral infection. Based on the assessment findings and the little we know about the patient; the patient could have possible sinusitis. The first-line treatment for sinusitis in adults is amoxicillin/clavulanate (875 mg amoxicillin/125 mg clavulanate) for 5 to 7 days (Woo & Robinson, 2016). This medication has a half-life of 1-1.3 hours, is metabolized by the liver and eliminated in the urine. It usually takes 30 minutes to be effective and peaks in 1-2 hours. This medication is an oral antibacterial combination that consist of the semisynthetic antibiotic amoxicillin and the β-lactamase inhibitor (FDA, n.d.). This bactericidal hinders bacterial growth by inhibiting the biosynthesis of bacterial cell wall mucopeptide (Woo & Robinson, 2016). For JD, it would be necessary to check a comprehensive metabolic panel to assess liver and kidney function. There is not a black box warning and usually does not have any side effects other than a possible rash. It is usually safe during pregnancy however before prescribing it would be necessary to assess allergies and inform the patient about potential side effects like a rash. Would this treatment vary if Mr. JD was a 10 year-old 78 lb child? Include the class of the medication, mechanism of action, dosing, route, the half-life; how it is metabolized in and eliminated from the body; and contraindications and black box warnings Amoxicillin is first-line therapy for sinusitis in children (Woo & Robinson, 2016). If the child has not recently been on antibiotics, they should be on a dose of 25-50mg/kg/d in divided doses. This bactericidal medication is an aminopenicillin that is taken orally, has a half-life of 1.3hrs, is metabolized in the liver and excreted in the urine, and works by inhibiting the bacterial cell wall mucopeptide (Woo & Robinson, 2016). As stated before, it does not have any black box warnings and patients kidney and liver functioning is a concern before use. What health maintenance or preventive education is important for this client based on your choice medication/treatment? I would instruct this patient to take the medication until it is gone; not stop it early. In addition, if they failure to respond within 3 to 5 days he should prompt notify his PCP and a change in therapy should be considered (Woo & Robinson, 2016). I would instruct the patient to get plenty of sleep, increase fluid intake, and take a probiotic once they are done with their regimen. Antibiotics have been known to kill of not only the bad bacteria in the gut but the good as well. Preventing side effects like diarrhea should be taken prophylactically. They should be taken on an empty stomach, 1 hour before a meal or 2 hours after meals (Woo & Robinson, 2016). For additional resources, I would tell the patient the pharmacist is a great tool for resource if they had questions when they picked up the medication but to always call the PCP for further questioning. References:

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Article Analysis 2 2025

Search the GCU Library and find two new health care articles that use quantitative research. Do not use articles from a previous assignment, or articles that appear in the Topic Materials or textbook. Complete an article analysis for each using the “Article Analysis: Part 2” template. Refer to the “Patient Preference and Satisfaction in Hospital-at-Home and Usual Hospital Care for COPD Exacerbations: Results of a Randomised Controlled Trial,” in conjunction with the “Article Analysis Example 2,” for an example of an article analysis. While APA style is not required for the body of this assignment, solid academic writing is expected, and documentation of sources should be presented using APA formatting guidelines, which can be found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion. You are required to submit this assignment to LopesWrite. Refer to the LopesWrite Technical Support articles for assistance

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2 Case Studies- Psychopharmacology 2025

Case Study #1- due 10/30: Sample Case Study Template A case study presentation is a way of communicating information to your colleagues. Often a case presentation highlights an unusual presentation, feature, condition, complication, or intervention. Case reports can describe important and insightful information that helps to expand knowledge and may generate research ideas. For this assignment, you will complete one case presentation, each on a patient case selected from the literature or a real case from a clinical setting. The case should be typical, for example, common depression or anxiety. Select a case that you feel is interesting and contributed to your learning. Use the template provided below to help guide your paper. Case workup is designed to provide students opportunity to apply knowledge related to a particular case and management of all items related to and including psychopharmacologic treatment. This is an individual assignment. Feel free to choose a different stage of life, by age range, with common Psychiatric Mental Health (PMH) symptoms, and management strategies. The stages are as follows: adult, between ages 18-65. The following components must be provided: diagnosis, developmental stage, methods used to define diagnosis and rationale; anticipation of treatment course. Briefly describe the clinical presentation, appropriate testing (both focused physical exams as appropriate, and Psychiatric Diagnostic Evaluation findings and appropriate work-ups of clinical symptoms). Include subsequent co-morbidities, if any and discuss the treatment plan for a common PMH disorder. The case presentations are each a 8-10 pages paper (excluding title page, abstract, references, and appendices) in APA format described in the APA Publication Manual (6th ed). Each case paper will have its own grading rubric. The case presentation will also include additional development and/or stage of life considerations, and a corresponding to the manuscript. This is a paper not a powerpoint Attached is the case presentation rubric. For References: Please do not use any sources from websites or .com sources, only use peer-reviewed academic and scientific journals. Also do not reuse papers from older courses, even if you are the author. SafeAssign will mark this as plagiarism. Case Study #2 due 11/15: CS #2 Template Signature Assignment (Psychopharmacology Treatment Algorithm) Using your learning experience from your clinical experience, preceptor input and evidence-based literature, develop a pharmacology treatment Algorithm of a patient with a DSM diagnosis. You can use your readings to change and add to your work, but it must be an original and not a copy of an algorithm from someone else. This is an algorithm developed specifically for this client to demonstrate your critical thinking throughout the treatment planning. The following areas must be covered in the assignment. Overview of your initial patient clinical assessment including: Chief compliant, medical history, psychiatric history, psychosocial, mental status examination. Using the information from the assessment, reading materials and textbook, develop an  evidence-based algorithm for four treatment stages, tailored to this individual. The information must include interview questions needed to guide decision-making at the different stages, length of treatment in trial/initiation period, dosage titration schedule and duration of time the client should stay on the medication, factors that might influence the effectiveness of the medications, necessary labs and test, and patient education. Include pertinent side effects profiles that would warrant a change in the medication being prescribed and a brief reasoning for your decisions. Attached is the case presentation rubric. For References: Please do not use any sources from websites or .com sources, only use peer-reviewed academic and scientific journals. Also do not reuse papers from older courses, even if you are the author. SafeAssign will mark this as plagiarism.

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Examine Financing Charity Care 2025

Length & Format: 8-10 slide PowerPoint presentation with voice over. Role: Director of Community Care and Outreach Audience: Internal, hospital leadership team(s) Topic: Financing Charity Care Scenario: You have worked for ABC Hospital for several years. Recently, you were promoted to be the Director of Community Care and Outreach. In this role, you are responsible for increasing the hospital’s presence in the community, reaching new patients, and ensuring patients receive effective and coordinated care. You are aware of ABC Hospital’s current issue with charity care: there is no defined policy for who can write off an account, and no defined standards for what qualifies a patient to receive charity care. The billing department has reported multiple complaints due to the lack of a policy, and frustrations from both providers and patients. Your presentation will address how to appropriately utilize the charity care resource of financing. Review the resource within Topic 3 : Principles and Practices Board Sample 501c(3) Hospital Charity Care and Financial Assistance Policy and Procedures (Links to an external site.) . (HFMA, n.d.) Prepare an 8-10 slide PowerPoint presentation, with voiceover . Assume fictional information to develop your content. Address the following points in your presentation: Why ABC Hospital needs and uses charity care Patient demographics and percent of hospital patient population receiving charity care in the last fiscal year (fictional data). Define the issues that have contributed to poor management of the charity care provision. Propose a new way to move forward, providing effective care to patients, utilizing charity care properly. What is different about this approach, then what was happening previously? Using bullet points, clearly define a minimum of three benefits of your plan for moving forward. These benefits should be focused on the financial health of ABC hospital, while balancing the needs of your patient population. These points will be the cornerstone for future development of a policy on charity care. APA style should be followed throughout. A title and reference slide are required. Please include a minimum of three scholarly sources.

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