Compose a focused paper that explains and describes your healthcare issue/topic from the scientific and mathematical/analytical perspectives of inquiry. (You will cover two perspectives in one paper.)

Address your general topic by forming and answering two levels of research questions for each inquiry.

• Choose a “Level 1 Research Question/Writing Prompt” from both of the lists below to answer in the paper.
• Compose a “Level 2 Research Question/Writing Prompt” for each kind of inquiry that provides detail, specificity, and focus to your inquiry, research, and writing.
• State your research questions in the introduction of your paper.
• Answer each research question and support your assertions with evidence (research) to form the body of your paper.
• In the conclusion of the paper, briefly review the issues, research questions, answers, and insights.

Level 1 Research Questions/Writing Prompts
SCIENTIFIC Perspective of Inquiry
What are the anatomical, physiological, pathological, or epidemiological issues?
Which body systems are affected?
What happens at the cellular or genetic level?
Which chemical or biological issues are most important?
Level 1 Research Questions/Writing Prompts
MATHEMATICAL/ANALYTICAL Perspective of Inquiry
What are the economic issues involved?
Which economic theories or approaches best explain the issue?
What are the statistical facts related to the issue?
Which statistical processes used to study the issue provide for the best explanation or understanding?

Your paper must be five pages in length and reference four to six scholarly, peer-reviewed resources. Be sure to follow current APA Style (e.g., spacing, font, headers, titles, abstracts, page numbering).

Refer to the rubric for evaluation details and to assist in preparing the paper.

Discussion Prompt #1

• Specifically define the role of the registered nurse in patient advocacy. Describe situations in which nursing advocacy can assist patients within the healthcare environment. Defend why nurses are, or are not, adequately prepared, in prelicensure education, to act as patient advocates. 

Discussion Prompt #2

• The ANA Code of Ethics currently emphasizes the word “patient” instead of the word “client” in referring to nursing care recipients. Do you agree with this change? Why or why not?  Review the ANA Code of Ethics for Nurses with Interpretive Statements found in Appendix B of your Butts text.
• 1 page each

TOPIC: Benchmark – Part B: Literature Review

In Part A, you described the population and quality initiative related to your PICOT (Population/Problem, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome, and Time to achieve the outcome) statement. In this assignment, you will formalize your PICOT and research process.

Use the GCU Library to perform a search for peer-reviewed research articles. Find five peer-reviewed primary source translational research articles.

In a paper of 1,250-1,500 words, synthesize the research into a literature review. The literature review should provide an overview for the reader that illustrates the research related to your particular PICOT. Include the following:

1. Introduction: Describe the clinical issue or problem you are addressing.
2. Methods: Describe the criteria you used in choosing your articles
3. Synthesize the Literature: Part A: Discuss the main components of each article (subjects, methods, key findings) and provide rationale for how this supports your PICOT; Part B: Compare and contrast the articles: Discuss limitations, controversies, and similarities/differences of the studies.
4. Areas of Further Study: Analyze the evidence presented in your articles to identify what is known, unknown, and requires further study.

You are required to cite 7 to 10 sources to complete this assignment. Sources must be published within the last 5 years and appropriate for the assignment criteria and nursing content.

Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide.

You are required to submit this assignment to LopesWrite. Please refer to the directions in the Student Success Center.

STUDY MATERIALS

Read Chapters 8 and 9 in Population Health: Creating a Culture of Wellness.  URL: https://www.gcumedia.com/digital-resources/jones-and-bartlett/2015/population-health_creating-a-culture-of-wellness_2e.php  

Read Chapter 9 in Evidence-Based Practice in Nursing and Healthcare.  URL: http://gcumedia.com/digital-resources/wolters-kluwer/2014/evidence-based-practice-in-nursing-and-healthcare_a-guide-to-best-practice_ebook_3e.php

Draft a 6-page report on outcome measures, issues, and opportunities for the executive leadership team or applicable stakeholder group.

Note: Each assessment in this course builds on the work you completed in the previous assessment. Therefore, you must complete the assessments in this course in the order in which they are presented.

SHOW LESS

As a nurse leader, you may be called upon to submit a detailed report to your executive leadership team and key stakeholders that describes a quality or safety problem and its effects on outcomes, fully supported by relevant and credible data.

This assessment provides an opportunity to draft such a report in which you can call attention to quality and safety issues and opportunities, effectively support your position, and lay out a plan for change.

By successfully completing this assessment, you will demonstrate your proficiency in the following course competencies and assessment criteria:

• Competency 1: Analyze quality and safety outcomes from an administrative and systems perspective.
  • Identify typical quality and safety outcomes and their associated measures.
• Competency 3: Determine how specific organizational functions, policies, processes, procedures, norms, and behaviors can be used to build reliability and high-performing organizations.
  • Analyze organizational functions, processes, and behaviors in high-performing organizations.
  • Determine how organizational functions, processes, and behaviors support and affect outcome measures for an organization.
  • Identify performance issues or opportunities associated with particular organizational functions, processes, and behaviors and the quality and safety outcomes they affect.
• Competency 4: Synthesize the various aspects of the nurse leader’s role in developing, promoting, and sustaining a culture of quality and safety.
  • Outline a strategy for ensuring that all aspects of patient care are measured and that knowledge is shared with the staff.
• Competency 5: Communicate effectively with diverse audiences, in an appropriate form and style, consistent with applicable organizational, professional, and scholarly standards.
  • Write coherently and with purpose, for a specific audience, using correct grammar and mechanics.
  • Integrate relevant and credible sources of evidence to support assertions, correctly formatting citations and references using APA style.

Questions to Consider

As you prepare to complete this assessment, you may want to think about other related issues to deepen your understanding or broaden your viewpoint. You are encouraged to consider the questions below and discuss them with a fellow learner, a work associate, an interested friend, or a member of your professional community. Note that these questions are for your own development and exploration and do not need to be completed or submitted as part of your assessment.

Organizational functions, processes, and behaviors can include leadership practices, communications, quality processes, financial management, safety and risk management, interprofessional collaboration, strategic planning, using the best available evidence, and questioning the status quo on all levels.

• What are some examples of organizational functions, processes, and behaviors related to the outcome measures and performance issues discussed in your executive summary?
• How would you implement change in addressing particular issues and opportunities?
• In what ways do stakeholders support outcome success?

Assessment Instructions

This assessment is based on the executive summary you prepared in the previous assessment.

Preparation

Your executive summary captured the attention and interest of the executive leadership team, who have asked you to provide them with a detailed report addressing outcome measures and performance issues or opportunities, including a strategy for ensuring that all aspects of patient care are measured.

Note: Remember that you can submit all or a portion of your draft report to Smarthinking for feedback before you submit the final version for this assessment. However, be mindful of the turnaround time of 24–48 hours for receiving feedback, if you plan on using this free service.

Requirements

Note: The requirements outlined below correspond to the grading criteria in the Outcome Measures, Issues, and Opportunities Scoring Guide. Be sure that your written analysis addresses each point, at a minimum. You may also want to read the Outcome Measures, Issues, and Opportunities Scoring Guide and Guiding Questions: Outcome Measures, Issues, and Opportunities (linked in the Resources) to better understand how each criterion will be assessed.

Drafting the Report

• Analyze organizational functions, processes, and behaviors in high-performing health care organizations or practice settings.
• Determine how organizational functions, processes, and behaviors affect outcome measures associated with the systemic problem identified in your gap analysis.
• Identify the quality and safety outcomes and associated measures relevant to the performance gap you intend to close. Create a spreadsheet showing the outcome measures.
• Identify performance issues or opportunities associated with particular organizational functions, processes, and behaviors and the quality and safety outcomes they affect.
• Outline a strategy, using a selected change model, for ensuring that all aspects of patient care are measured and that knowledge is shared with the staff.

Writing and Supporting Evidence

• Write coherently and with purpose, for a specific audience, using correct grammar and mechanics.
• Integrate relevant and credible sources of evidence to support assertions, correctly formatting citations and references using APA style.

Additional Requirements

Format your document using APA style.

• Use the APA paper template linked in the resources. Be sure to include:
  • A title page and reference page. An abstract is not required.
  • A running head on all pages.
  • Appropriate section headings.
  • Properly-formatted citations and references.
• Your report should be 6 pages in length, not including the title page and reference page.
• Add your Quality and Safety Outcomes spreadsheet to your report as an addendum.

Grading Rubric: 

1-  Analyze organizational functions, processes, and behaviors in high-performing organizations. 

Passing Grade:  Analyzes organizational functions, processes, and behaviors in high-performing organizations, and identifies knowledge gaps, unknowns, missing information, unanswered questions, or areas of uncertainty (where further information could improve the analysis). 

2-  Determine how organizational functions, processes, and behaviors support and affect outcome measures for an organization. 

Passing Grade:  Determines how organizational functions, processes, and behaviors support and affect outcome measures for an organization, and identifies assumptions and reasons on which determination is based. 

3-  Identify typical quality and safety outcomes and their associated measures. 

Passing Grade:  Identifies typical quality and safety outcomes and their associated measures, and evaluates the quality of the data. 

4-  Identify performance issues or opportunities associated with particular organizational functions, processes, and behaviors and the quality and safety outcomes they affect. 

Passing Grade:  Identifies performance issues or opportunities associated with particular organizational functions, processes, and behaviors and the quality and safety outcomes they affect, and identifies knowledge gaps, unknowns, missing information, unanswered questions, or areas of uncertainty. 

5-  Outline a strategy for ensuring that all aspects of patient care are measured and that knowledge is shared with the staff. 

Passing Grade:  Outlines a strategy, using a selected change model, for ensuring that all aspects of patient care are measured and that knowledge is shared with the staff, highlighting opportunities for interprofessional collaboration. 

6-  Write coherently and with purpose, for a specific audience, using correct grammar and mechanics. 

Passing Grade:  Writes coherently and with purpose. Grammar and mechanics are error-free. 

7-  Integrate relevant and credible sources of evidence to support assertions, correctly formatting citations and references using APA style. 

Passing Grade:  Integrates relevant, credible, and convincing sources of evidence to support assertions. Sources are current, and citations and references are error-free. 

Purpose of Assignment

• Utilize the appropriate technology and/or references/resources, demonstrating accurate use, in order to access reliable data and information that support evidence-based practice in the care of diverse clients during pregnancy.
• Differentiate the various components of basic physiological needs as it relates to pregnancy and health practices, including but not limited to associated concepts of.
• Evaluate data and information gathered during client care, simulated scenarios, and/or case studies related to promoting nutritional health during pregnancy, nursing care strategies to address the common discomforts of pregnancy, essential components and standards of prenatal care, fetal growth and development stages in order to determine knowledge and wisdom gained through critical thought processes to optimize client outcomes and quality improvement.
• Demonstrate a basic understanding of communication practices necessary for client-centered care and interdisciplinary collaboration in terms of knowledge, skills, and attitudes.

Competency

Apply appropriate nursing care interventions for clients during pregnancy, labor, and birth.

Scenario

You are a registered nurse (RN) working in a Women’s OB/GYN Clinic. Elizabeth Jones, 37 years old, presents to the prenatal clinic after missing her last 2 menstrual cycles. Her home pregnancy test was positive. An ultrasound at the clinic confirms pregnancy. Gestational age is calculated to be 10 weeks. An initial assessment of Ms. Jones’s medical and obstetrical history is as follows.

Obstetric/Gynecologic (OB/GYN) history: Uncomplicated spontaneous vaginal delivery at 39.2 weeks (3 years ago); Cesarean section x 1 at 37.5 weeks for non-reassuring fetal heart tones (1.5 years ago); abnormal Papanicolau (PAP) smear x2, + human papilloma virus (HPV), colposcopy within normal limits

Medical history: Chronic hypertension (HTN) x 5 years;

Allergies: Penicillin

Social history:

• (+) tobacco, “occasional” per client (pt), <5 per/day currently, has smoked “off and on” for 15 years
• (+) cocaine use, states she has not used any cocaine/drugs for > 1 year; (-) alcohol use
• Abusive partner with first pregnancy, states she has a new partner x 4 years
• Depression, currently not taking meds for treatment (tx)

Medications: Prenatal vitamins; Labetalol 200mg BID;

Family history: Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (mother); HTN and heart disease (father); breast cancer (maternal grandmother, deceased)

Instructions

Write a two to three-page analysis of this scenario that answers the following questions:

1. What should the nurse consider related to caring for a client with a history of domestic abuse, drug use, sexually transmitted diseases and depression?
2. Document the considerations of yourself as the professional nurse in regards to self-awareness; be aware of attitudes, values and beliefs that you hold related to clients from different social backgrounds so that care is not affected negatively.
3. What conditions are in Mrs. Jones history that would cause concern during pregnancy, labor, and birth?
4. What concerns should be discussed with Ms. Jones before she leaves her appointment?

Each answer to your question should include the following:

• A correct answer with thorough development of the topic
• Gives clinical examples
• Include evidence from scholarly sources
• Appropriate use of medical terminology