“Angel,

Thank you for your video contribution, you bring up an excellent issue- funding nursing education. I was so surprised that this is still an unresolved issue considering the fact that nurses make up the largest segment of the healthcare workforce. Going through the history of nursing education funding dating back to 1965 when Medicare legislated Social Security Act- Title XVIII as a healthcare safety net for older Americans to 2020 is so complex and very difficult to follow. The government wanted to fund education of future medical and nursing professionals to provide care to the aging baby boomers contributing to the increasing elderly population. Title VIII programs safeguard the public providing a sustainable nursing workforce by providing opportunities for nurses to further education. Congress believed that the cost of patient care should encompass the educational activities of healthcare professionals increasing quality of care in an institution. In medical education, Graduate medical education (GME) money pays the salaries of interns and residents employed by the hospital to provide patient care and teach medical students. Originally GME money paid hospital employees in charge of teaching nursing students, student expenses, salaries of nursing faculty when nursing was a hospital-based diploma program. Federal policy specified that costs be covered by the hospital insurance program until the community is able to take on the educational cost burden utilizing a different approach. With the closure of hospital-based diploma programs, responsibility for the costs of college operated nursing and allied health programs are being borne by “the community” rather than the federal government. Thus, the cost for educating nurses has been shifted to academic rather than health care institutions as a matter of public policy. Three key concepts must be addressed: the cost of nursing education for both service and educational institutions, defining nursing education in federal rules and regulations, and the community’s role in supporting nursing education. Responsibility for producing an educated and skilled nursing workforce must be shared by the community of academic, health care, professional and government institutions, and organizations, a policy supported by the Joint Commission on the Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations (JCAHO) (Thies & Harper, 2004).”

References

Thies, K. M., & Harper, D. (2004). Medicare funding for nursing education: proposal for a coherent policy agenda. Nursing Outlook, 52(6), 297-303.

Need about 3 PowerPoint slides with pictures with 1 scholarly source such as the American Journal of Medicine, speaker notes, and one page APA format of morals and personal values of the title above. No plagiarism!! I need this by tomorrow 06/12/20 CST Chicago IL time. Please do not pick up if you cannot complete it!!!. 

I need a response to this assignment 

zero plagiarism

3 references

Quality of Life Depression Scale

The quality of life depression scale was developed in 1992. The QLDS assesses the impacts of depression on quality of life of a person.  QLDS is a widely used scale for measuring the quality of life in studies of depression and clinical trials (Woldetensay et al., 2018).  The QLDS presupposes that the quality of life of a person can be evaluated subjectively. The scale has been validated for use in many languages. QLDS is sensitive to changes in quality of life because it adopts the needs model. 

Psychometric properties refer to reliability and the validity of a measurement tool. The quality of life depression scale has a 34 self-rated questionnaire.  The questionnaire has dichotomous response questions, which are either true or not true (Christensen et al., 2020).  The scores are generated binomially, ranging from 0-10.  The highest score of the QLDS is an indication of the low quality of life. Various tests for internal and construct validity approved that QLDS is a good scale for measuring the quality of life.  When QLDS used in clinical trials should have both test and retest reliability coefficient of 0.85 as the minimum.  The internal consistency of clients with depression should be measured using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient with a minimum (Woldetensay et al., 2018).  

It is appropriate to use quality of life depression scale because it represents a significant in our ability to comprehend how depression impacts the quality of life. Feelings of the people influence the use of health services than the portrayed objective symptoms.  Moreover, compliance with the employment regime is dependent on impacts shown on the patient’s wellbeing (Christensen et al., 2020).  The QLDS helps meet these patients’ needs by assessing the needs of a patient’s progress throughout their health care system by assessing the impact of the disease on the patient’s quality of life.

Psychopharmacological medications are medicines used for stabilizing mood, managing behaviors, or treating patients with psychiatric disorders.  Some of the Psychopharmacological medications used are sedative-hypnotics, antipsychotics, antidepressants, and anxiolytics.  The validated clinical rating scales for depression are used to determine the effect and size of each treatment administered to a patient. For this reason, I believe that the quality of life depression scale can be used to assess psychopharmacologic medications (Vasiliu et al., 2017).  The scale ranges from 0-1. After measuring clients with depression, the results imply that patients who record low scores out of possibly 34 points indicate the high quality of life and vice versa. After the use of psychopharmacological medication, the QLDS test efficiency by determining whether the client score is declining from low to a high quality of life.  For instance, after a patient takes medication, QLDS measures scores recorded by a client at different intervals; thus, score differences indicate the efficiency of psycho-pharmacological medications. 

References

Christensen, A. V., Dixon, J. K., Juel, K., Ekholm, O., Rasmussen, T. B., Borregaard, B., Mols, R. E., Thrysøe, L., Thorup, C. B., & Berg, S. K. (2020). Psychometric properties of the Danish hospital anxiety and depression scale in patients with cardiac disease: Results from the DenHeart survey. Health and Quality of Life Outcomes, 18(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12955-019-1264-0

Vasiliu, O., Vasile, D., Vasiliu, D., Andreea Filareta, A., & Vasile, F. (2017). Quetiapine XR as an add-on to antidepressants in treatment-resistant late-life major depression. European Psychiatry, 41(S1), S144-S144. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.01.1985

Woldetensay, Y. K., Belachew, T., Tesfaye, M., Spielman, K., Biesalski, H. K., Kantelhardt, E. J., & Scherbaum, V. (2018). Validation of the patient health questionnaire (PHQ-9) as a screening tool for depression in pregnant women: Afaan Oromo version. PLOS ONE, 13(2), e0191782. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0191782

Discussion: Politics and the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act

Regardless of political affiliation, individuals often grow concerned when considering perceived competing interests of government and their impact on topics of interest to them. The realm of healthcare is no different. Some people feel that local, state, and federal policies and legislation can be either helped or hindered by interests other than the benefit to society.

Consider for example that the number one job of a legislator is to be reelected. Cost can be measured in votes as well as dollars. Thus, it is important to consider the legislator’s perspective on either promoting or not promoting a certain initiative in the political landscape.

To Prepare:

• Review the Resources and reflect on efforts to repeal/replace the Affordable Care Act (ACA).
• Consider who benefits the most when policy is developed and in the context of policy implementation.

By Day 3 of Week 3

Post an explanation for how you think the cost-benefit analysis in terms of legislators being reelected affected efforts to repeal/replace the ACA. Then, explain how analyses of the voters views may affect decisions by legislative leaders in recommending or positioning national policies (e.g., Congress’ decisions impacting Medicare or Medicaid). Remember, the number one job of a legislator is to be re-elected. Please check your discussion grading rubric to ensure your responses meet the criteria.

Learning Resources

Note: To access this week’s required library resources, please click on the link to the Course Readings List, found in the Course Materials section of your Syllabus.

Required Readings

Milstead, J. A., & Short, N. M. (2019). Health policy and politics: A nurse’s guide (6th ed.). Burlington, MA: Jones & Bartlett Learning.
Chapter 3, “Government Response: Legislation” (pp. 37–56)
Chapter 10, “Overview: The Economics and Finance of Health Care” (pp. 180–183 only)

Congress.gov. (n.d.). Retrieved September 20, 2018, from https://www.congress.gov/

Taylor, D., Olshansky, E., Fugate-Woods, N., Johnson-Mallard, V., Safriet, B. J., & Hagan, T. (2017). Corrigendum to position statement: Political interference in sexual and reproductive health research and health professional education. Nursing Outlook, 65(2), 346–350. doi:10.1016/j.outlook.2017.05.003
Note: You will access this article from the Walden Library databases.

United States House of Representatives. (n.d.). Retrieved September 20, 2018, from https://www.house.gov/ 

United States Senate. (n.d.). Retrieved September 20, 2018, from https://www.senate.gov/

United States Senate. (n.d.). Senate organization chart for the 115th Congress. Retrieved September 20, 2018, from https://www.senate.gov/reference/org_chart.htm  

Document: Legislation Comparison Grid Template (Word document)

Required Media

Laureate Education (Producer). (2018). Working with Legislators [Video file]. Baltimore, MD: Author.

A 42-year-old man comes to clinic with chief complaint of pain, redness, and swelling of his right calf. He states that he had been working in his yard using a string trimmer when the trimmer slipped and cut his leg. He cleaned the wound with water from the garden hose and covered the wound with a large Band-Aid. Several days later, he developed fever to 100.6˚ F and chills and noticed that his leg was swollen and red. He comes to the emergency department for definitive care

Develop a 1- to 2-page case study analysis in which you:

· Explain why you think the patient presented the symptoms described.

· Identify the genes that may be associated with the development of the disease.

· Explain the process of immunosuppression and the effect it has on body systems.